Fear of Negative Evaluation and Compulsive Buying: Materialism as a Mediator and Dispositional Awe as a Moderator

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2023.04.015

Abstract

Abstract:

To examine the relationship between fear of negative evaluation and compulsive buying, the mediating role of materialism, and the moderating role of dispositional awe, 986 respondents were surveyed. Results indicated that: 1) Fear of negative evaluation positively predicted compulsive buying. 2) Materialism partially mediated the relationship between fear of negative evaluation and compulsive buying. 3) Dispositional awe negatively moderated the relationship between fear of negative evaluation and materialism, fear of negative evaluation and compulsive buying, the direct effect, and the indirect effect of the mediation model. Therefore, frequent experiences of awe would help reduce materialism and compulsive buying in people with high fear of negative evaluation.

Key words: fear of negative evaluation, compulsive buying, materialism, dispositional awe, awe

摘要：

为考察负面评价恐惧与强迫性购买的关系，物质主义的中介作用及特质敬畏的调节作用，对986名被试进行调查。结果发现：(1)负面评价恐惧正向预测强迫性购买；(2)物质主义在负面评价恐惧与强迫性购买之间起部分中介作用；(3)负面评价恐惧与物质主义、负面评价恐惧与强迫性购买之间的关系，中介模型的直接效应与间接效应均受到特质敬畏的负向调节。结果表明，频繁的敬畏体验将有助于减少高负面评价恐惧者的物质主义和强迫性购买。

关键词: 负面评价恐惧, 强迫性购买, 物质主义, 特质敬畏, 敬畏

CLC Number:

B849

Zheng ZHANG, Xuexin LI. Fear of Negative Evaluation and Compulsive Buying: Materialism as a Mediator and Dispositional Awe as a Moderator[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2023, 21(4): 541-548.

张正, 李雪欣. 负面评价恐惧与强迫性购买：物质主义的中介与特质敬畏的调节作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2023, 21(4): 541-548.

Figures/Tables 8

References

	丁倩, 孔令龙, 张永欣, 周宗奎. 父母物质主义与大学生网络强迫性购物: 序列中介效应分析. 心理发展与教育, 2019, 35 (5): 549- 556.
	兰晓芳, 张锦坤. 负面评价恐惧的性别差异: 基于内隐和外显测量的比较. 心理与行为研究, 2015, 13 (1): 25- 30.
	刘洋, 张大均. 评价恐惧理论及相关研究述评. 心理科学进展, 2010, 18 (1): 106- 113.
	罗利, 杨东, 陈圣栋, 高伟, 陈永强, 袁加锦. 特质敬畏对亲社会倾向的正向预测: 自我超越和共情的多重中介作用. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20 (3): 390- 396.
	彭顺, 张湘一, 张红坡, 胡祥恩. 负面评价恐惧与大学生网络过度使用的关系: 社交焦虑和自我控制的中介作用. 心理科学, 2020, 43 (1): 81- 86.
	王水雄. 当代年轻人社交恐惧的成因与纾解. 人民论坛, 2021, (10): 38- 40.
	辛志勇, 杜晓鹏, 李冰月. 敬则不逐物——敬畏对炫耀性消费倾向的抑制: 小我的中介作用. 心理科学, 2021, 44 (3): 642- 650.
	杨宝琰, 陈莎莎, 苏少青, 陈芳丽. 外强中瘠、虚饰以财? 自我威胁情境下异质性高自尊与物质主义的关系. 心理学报, 2021, 53 (6): 667- 680.
	赵小红, 童薇, 陈桃林, 吴冬梅, 张蕾, 陈正举, … 唐小蓉. 敬畏的心理模型及其认知神经机制. 心理科学进展, 2021, 29 (3): 520- 530.
	周静, 谢天. 物质主义者自我概念的特点和相关理论. 心理科学进展, 2019, 27 (5): 914- 925.
	Baumeister, R. F. (Ed). (1991). Escaping the self: Alcoholism, spirituality, masochism, and other flights from the burden of selfhood. New York: Basic Books.
	Biolcati, R.. The role of self-esteem and fear of negative evaluation in compulsive buying. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2017, 8, 74. DOI
	Black, D. W.. Compulsive shopping: A review and update. Current Opinion in Psychology, 2022, 46, 101321. DOI
	Chang, L. C., & Arkin, R. M.. Materialism as an attempt to cope with uncertainty. Psychology & Marketing, 2002, 19 (5): 389- 406.
	Chen, S. K., & Mongrain, M.. Awe and the interconnected self. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 2021, 16 (6): 770- 778. DOI
	Dittmar, H.. Compulsive buying—a growing concern? An examination of gender, age, and endorsement of materialistic values as predictors. British Journal of Psychology, 2005, 96 (4): 467- 491. DOI
	Duval, S., & Wicklund, R. A. (Eds). (1972). A theory of objective self-awareness. New York: Academic Press.
	Fenigstein, A., & Abrams, D.. Self-attention and the egocentric assumption of shared perspectives. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 1993, 29 (4): 287- 303. DOI
	Harnish, R. J., Roche, M. J., & Bridges, K. R.. Predicting compulsive buying from pathological personality traits, stressors, and purchasing behavior. Personality and Individual Differences, 2021, 177, 110821. DOI
	He, H. P., Kukar-Kinney, M., & Ridgway, N. M.. Compulsive buying in China: Measurement, prevalence, and online drivers. Journal of Business Research, 2018, 91, 28- 39. DOI
	Hu, J., Yang, Y., Jing, F. J., & Nguyen, B.. Awe, spirituality and conspicuous consumer behavior. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 2018, 42 (6): 829- 839. DOI
	Jiang, T. L., & Sedikides, C.. Awe motivates authentic-self pursuit via self-transcendence: Implications for prosociality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2022, 123 (3): 576- 596. DOI
	Kasser, T., Ryan, R. M., Zax, M., & Sameroff, A. J.. The relations of maternal and social environments to late adolescents’ materialistic and prosocial values. Developmental Psychology, 1995, 31 (6): 907- 914. DOI
	Kaur, K., & Mearns, J.. Negative mood regulation expectancies moderate the effect of childhood maltreatment on compulsive buying. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2021, 77 (4): 1116- 1130. DOI
	Keltner, D., & Haidt, J.. Approaching awe, a moral, spiritual, and aesthetic emotion. Cognition and Emotion, 2003, 17 (2): 297- 314. DOI
	Leary, M. R., Tchividijian, L. R., & Kraxberger, B. E.. Self-presentation can be hazardous to your health: Impression management and health risk. Health Psychology, 1994, 13 (6): 461- 470. DOI
	Maraz, A., Griffiths, M. D., & Demetrovics, Z.. The prevalence of compulsive buying: A meta-analysis. Addiction, 2016, 111 (3): 408- 419. DOI
	Naidu, S., Chand, A., Pandaram, A., & Patel, A.. Problematic internet and social network site use in young adults: The role of emotional intelligence and fear of negative evaluation. Personality and Individual Differences, 2023, 200, 111915. DOI
	O’Guinn, T. C., & Faber, R. J.. Compulsive buying: A phenomenological exploration. Journal of Consumer Research, 1989, 16 (2): 147- 157. DOI
	Perlin, J. D., & Li, L.. Why does awe have prosocial effects? New perspectives on awe and the small self. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2020, 15 (2): 291- 308. DOI
	Piff, P. K., Dietze, P., Feinberg, M., Stancato, D. M., & Keltner, D.. Awe, the small self, and prosocial behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2015, 108 (6): 883- 899. DOI
	Richesin, M. T., & Baldwin, D. R.. How awe shaped us: An evolutionary perspective. Emotion Review, 2023, 15 (1): 17- 27. DOI
	Richins, M. L.. The Material Values Scale: Measurement properties and development of a short form. Journal of Consumer Research, 2004, 31 (1): 209- 219. DOI
	Ridgway, N. M., Kukar-Kinney, M., & Monroe, K. B.. An expanded conceptualization and a new measure of compulsive buying. Journal of Consumer Research, 2008, 35 (4): 622- 639. DOI
	Roberts, J. A., Manolis, C., & Pullig, C.. Contingent self-esteem, self-presentational concerns, and compulsive buying. Psychology & Marketing, 2014, 31 (2): 147- 160.
	Schwartz, S. H., Cieciuch, J., Vecchione, M., Davidov, E., Fischer, R., Beierlein, C., ... Konty, M.. Refining the theory of basic individual values. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2012, 103 (4): 663- 688. DOI
	Shiota, M. N., Keltner, D., & John, O. P.. Positive emotion dispositions differentially associated with Big Five personality and attachment style. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 2006, 1 (2): 61- 71. DOI
	Shrum, L. J., Wong, N., Arif, F., Chugani, S. K., Gunz, A., Lowrey, T. M., … Sundie, J.. Reconceptualizing materialism as identity goal pursuits: Functions, processes, and consequences. Journal of Business Research, 2013, 66 (8): 1179- 1185. DOI
	Tarka, P., Harnish, R. J., & Babaev, J.. From materialism to hedonistic shopping values and compulsive buying: A mediation model examining gender differences. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 2022, 21 (4): 786- 805. DOI
	Weeks, J. W., & Howell, A. N.. The bivalent fear of evaluation model of social anxiety: Further integrating findings on fears of positive and negative evaluation. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 2012, 41 (2): 83- 95. DOI
	Zhang, M. W., Li, L., Ye, Y. J., Yu, S. Y., & Zhong, J. N.. The effects of feelings of awe on the relationship between consumers’ narcissism and impulsive consumption behaviors: A mediated moderation model. Current Psychology, 2023, 42, 6693- 6710. DOI
	Zhao, H. H., Zhang, H. Y., Xu, Y., He, W., & Lu, J. M.. Why are people high in dispositional awe happier? The roles of meaning in life and materialism. Frontiers in Psychology, 2019, 10, 1208. DOI

变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5
1.性别	0.44	0.49
2.年龄	23.02	4.37	0.05
3.负面评价恐惧	33.38	11.97	−0.08**	−0.14***
4.物质主义	39.23	9.38	−0.06*	−0.13***	0.55***
5.强迫性购买	18.73	8.57	−0.17***	−0.06	0.38***	0.48***
6.特质敬畏	21.85	4.88	−0.01	−0.12**	0.06	−0.18***	−0.20***

变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5
1.性别	0.44	0.49
2.年龄	23.02	4.37	0.05
3.负面评价恐惧	33.38	11.97	−0.08**	−0.14***
4.物质主义	39.23	9.38	−0.06*	−0.13***	0.55***
5.强迫性购买	18.73	8.57	−0.17***	−0.06	0.38***	0.48***
6.特质敬畏	21.85	4.88	−0.01	−0.12**	0.06	−0.18***	−0.20***

路径	效应值	Boot SE	Boot 95%CI		效应占比(%)
路径	效应值	Boot SE	下限	上限	效应占比(%)
间接效应	0.21	0.03	0.16	0.26	56.76
直接效应	0.16	0.03	0.10	0.23	43.24
总效应	0.37	0.03	0.31	0.43	100

路径	效应值	Boot SE	Boot 95%CI		效应占比(%)
路径	效应值	Boot SE	下限	上限	效应占比(%)
间接效应	0.21	0.03	0.16	0.26	56.76
直接效应	0.16	0.03	0.10	0.23	43.24
总效应	0.37	0.03	0.31	0.43	100

预测变量	方程1(因变量：物质主义)			方程2(因变量：强迫性购买)
预测变量	β	t	Boot 95%CI	β	t	Boot 95%CI
性别	−0.04	−0.68	[−0.14, 0.06]	−0.28	−5.09***	[−0.38, −0.17]
年龄	−0.09	−2.46*	[−0.16, −0.02]	−0.01	−0.14	[−0.08, 0.06]
负面评价恐惧	0.52	18.59***	[0.46, 0.57]	0.17	5.11***	[0.10, 0.24]
物质主义				0.36	11.13***	[0.28, 0.43]
特质敬畏	−0.04	−1.67	[−0.10, 0.01]	−0.20	−7.57***	[−0.26, −0.15]
负面评价恐惧×特质敬畏	−0.10	−3.71***	[−0.15, −0.05]	−0.07	−2.73**	[−0.13, −0.02]
R²		0.32			0.33
F		91.14***			74.09***