The Relationship Between Core Self-Evaluations and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Model

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2025.06.010

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework, this study investigated the relationship between core self-evaluations and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents, with a focus on the mediating role of insomnia severity and the moderating role of parental autonomy support. A total of 4,760 middle and high school students were recruited and completed a battery of well-validated scales, including the Adolescent Self-Harm Scale, Core Self-Evaluations Scale, Insomnia Severity Index, and Parental Autonomy Support Scale. The results demonstrated that: 1) core self-evaluations negatively predicted NSSI; 2) insomnia severity mediated the relationship between core self-evaluations and NSSI; and 3) parental autonomy support moderated the direct path, the second stage of the mediation pathway, and the overall indirect effect. These findings provide evidence-based guidance for developing tailored intervention strategies to address self-injury among adolescents.

Key words: adolescent self-injury, core self-evaluation, insomnia severity, parental autonomy support

摘要：

基于研究领域标准框架探讨核心自我评价与青少年自伤行为的关系，以及失眠程度的中介作用和父母自主支持的调节作用。以4760名初高中生为被试，采用青少年自我伤害问卷、失眠严重程度指数量表、核心自我评价量表和父母自主支持量表开展问卷调查研究。结果发现，核心自我评价负向预测青少年自伤行为；失眠程度在核心自我评价和青少年自伤行为之间起中介作用；该中介模型的直接路径与后半路径，以及其间接效应受父母自主支持水平的调节。本研究为构建青少年自伤行为的差异化干预方案提供循证依据。

关键词: 青少年自伤行为, 核心自我评价, 失眠程度, 父母自主支持

Li GU, Xiaotong HUANG, Guanghua LIANG, Wei CAI, Fengbo GUO. The Relationship Between Core Self-Evaluations and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Model[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2025, 23(6): 798-805.

谷莉, 黄晓彤, 梁广华, 蔡頠, 郭丰波. 核心自我评价与青少年自伤行为的关系：有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2025, 23(6): 798-805.

Figures/Tables 9

References 0

	杜建政, 张翔, 赵燕. 核心自我评价的结构验证及其量表修订. 心理研究, 2012, 5 (3): 54- 60.
	冯玉. (2008). 青少年自我伤害行为与个体情绪因素和家庭环境因素的关系(硕士学位论文). 华中师范大学, 武汉.
	郭霜霜, 焦婷, 马颖, 唐杰. 青少年非自杀性自伤行为的家庭影响因素分析. 中国学校卫生, 2022, 43 (5): 768- 771. DOI
	李恩泽. (2018). 失眠严重指数量表的效度和信度研究(硕士学位论文). 南方医科大学, 广州.
	秦瑶, 彭运石. 父母教养方式对初中生社交焦虑的影响: 同伴接纳和反刍思维的链式中介作用. 心理发展与教育, 2024, 40 (1): 103- 113. DOI
	王群, 罗鹏, 张江萍, 陈思银, 徐孟群, 彭晓唯, 汪俊华. 专业心理求助态度在家庭教养方式与中学生非自杀性自伤间的中介作用. 现代预防医学, 2024, 51 (18): 3398- 3403. DOI
	徐学, 王娜, 王晶晶, 吴静珊, 周海瑞. 本科师范生父母教养方式与核心自我评价: 控制源的中介作用. 中国健康心理学杂志, 2018, 26 (1): 98- 102. DOI
	郑莺. (2006). 武汉市中学生自我伤害行为流行学调查及其功能模型(硕士学位论文). 华中师范大学, 武汉.
	Bandel, S. L., & Brausch, A. M. Poor sleep associates with recent nonsuicidal self-injury engagement in adolescents. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 2020, 18 (1): 81- 90. DOI
	Bastien, C. H., Vallières, A., & Morin, C. M. Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Medicine, 2001, 2 (4): 297- 307. DOI
	Berthelon, M., Contreras, D., Kruger, D., & Palma, M. I. Harsh parenting during early childhood and child development. Economics & Human Biology, 2020, 36, 100831.
	Brager-Larsen, A., Zeiner, P., Klungsøyr, O., & Mehlum, L. Is age of self-harm onset associated with increased frequency of non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts in adolescent outpatients?. BMC Psychiatry, 2022, 22 (1): 58. DOI
	Crosswhite, J. M., & Kerpelman, J. L. Parenting and children’s self-control: Concurrent and longitudinal relations. Deviant Behavior, 2012, 33 (9): 715- 737. DOI
	Dong, Y. F., Wang, L. X., Luo, L. S., Wang, Y. R., Song, T., Shao, Y. C., ... Shi, G. H. The selective impairments of total sleep deprivation on alerting, orienting, and executive control: Evidence from event-related potentials. Journal of Integrative Neuroscience, 2024, 23 (10): 191. DOI
	Ewing, E. L., Mackaronis, J. E., Poole, E. M., Critchfield, K. L., & Gunn, H. E. An interpersonal and meta-analytic approach to parenting behaviors and adolescent sleep. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 2024, 27 (4): 1088- 1112. DOI
	Fang, J., Wan, Y. H., Zhang, X. Y., Su, P. Y., Tao, F. B., & Sun, Y. Sleep duration trajectory during the transition to adolescence and subsequent risk of non-suicidal self-harm. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2022, 31 (8): 1- 9.
	Fikke, L., T., Melinder, A., & Landrø, N., I. Executive functions are impaired in adolescents engaging in non-suicidal self-injury. Psychological Medicine, 2011, 41 (3): 601- 610. DOI
	Fong, Z. H., Loh, W. N. C., Fong, Y. J., Neo, H. L. M., & Chee, T. T. Parenting behaviors, parenting styles, and non-suicidal self-injury in young people: A systematic review. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2022, 27 (1): 61- 81. DOI
	Hawton, K., Zahl, D., & Weatherall, R. Suicide following deliberate self-harm: Long-term follow-up of patients who presented to a general hospital. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 2003, 182 (6): 537- 542. DOI
	He, H., Hong, L., Jin, W., Xu, Y., Kang, W., Liu, J., ... Zhao, K. Heterogeneity of non-suicidal self-injury behavior in adolescents with depression: Latent class analysis. BMC Psychiatry, 2023, 23 (1): 301. DOI
	Hooley, J. M., Fox, K. R., & Boccagno, C. Nonsuicidal self-injury: Diagnostic challenges and current perspectives. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 2020, 16, 101- 112. DOI
	Hooley, J. M., & Franklin, J. C. Why do people hurt themselves? A new conceptual model of nonsuicidal self-injury. Clinical Psychological Science, 2018, 6 (3): 428- 451. DOI
	Hooley, J. M., Ho, D. T., Slater, J., & Lockshin, A. (2010). Pain perception and nonsuicidal self-injury: A laboratory investigation. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 1(3), 170–179.
	Huang, J. H., Zhang, D., Chen, Y. H., Yu, C. F., Zhen, S. J., & Zhang, W. Parental psychological control, psychological need satisfaction, and non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese adolescents: The moderating effect of sensation seeking. Children and Youth Services Review, 2022, 136, 106417. DOI
	Hysing, M., Sivertsen, B., Stormark, K. M., & O’Connor, R. C. Sleep problems and self-harm in adolescence. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 2015, 207 (4): 306- 312. DOI
	Johnson, D. P., & Whisman, M. A. Gender differences in rumination: A meta-analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 2013, 55 (4): 367- 374. DOI
	Judge, T. A., Erez, A., Bono, J. E., & Thoresen, C. J. The Core Self-Evaluations Scale: Development of a measure. Personnel Psychology, 2003, 56 (2): 303- 331. DOI
	Kim, J., Shim, H. S., & Hay, C. Unpacking the dynamics involved in the impact of bullying victimization on adolescent suicidal ideation: Testing general strain theory in the Korean context. Children and Youth Services Review, 2020, 110, 104781. DOI
	McPartland, J. M., & Epstein, J. L. Open schools and achievement: Extended tests of a finding of no relationship. Sociology of Education, 1977, 50 (2): 133- 144. DOI
	Noble, K. G., Houston, S. M., Kan, E., & Sowell, E. R. Neural correlates of socioeconomic status in the developing human brain. Developmental Science, 2012, 15 (4): 516- 527. DOI
	Nock, M. K., & Favazza, A. R. (2009). Nonsuicidal self-injury: Definition and classification. In M. K. Nock (Ed.), Understanding nonsuicidal self-injury: Origins, assessment, and treatment (pp. 9–18). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
	Rahman, F., Webb, R. T., & Wittkowski, A. Risk factors for self-harm repetition in adolescents: A systematic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 2021, 88, 102048. DOI
	Stumper, A., & Alloy, L. B. Associations between pubertal stage and depression: A systematic review of the literature. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 2023, 54 (2): 312- 339.
	Taylor, S. E., Kemeny, M. E., Reed, G. M., Bower, J. E., & Gruenewald, T. L. Psychological resources, positive illusions, and health. American Psychologist, 2000, 55 (1): 99- 109. DOI
	Thai, M., Başgöze, Z., Westlund Schreiner, M., Roediger, D. J., Falke, C. A., Mueller, B. A., ... Cullen, K. R. A multi-modal assessment of self-knowledge in adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury: A Research Domains Criteria (RDoC) study. Psychological Medicine, 2024, 54 (12): 3273- 3284. DOI
	Trompeter, N., Bussey, K., & Fitzpatrick, S. Cyber victimization and internalizing difficulties: The mediating roles of coping self-efficacy and emotion dysregulation. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 2018, 46 (5): 1129- 1139. DOI
	Vargas, I., Nguyen, A. M., Haeffel, G. J., & Drake, C. L. A negative cognitive style is associated with greater insomnia and depression symptoms: The mediating role of sleep reactivity. Journal of Affective Disorders Reports, 2020, 1, 100010. DOI
	Vergara-Lopez, C., Scalco, M. D., Gaffey, A. E., Reid, B. M., Bublitz, M. H., Lee, S. Y., ... Stroud, L. R. The interactive effects of rejection and rumination on diurnal cortisol among adolescent girls: A preliminary daily diary study. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 2024, 48 (5): 1027- 1034. DOI
	Wang, Q., Pomerantz, E. M., & Chen, H. C. The role of parents’ control in early adolescents’ psychological functioning: A longitudinal investigation in the United States and China. Child Development, 2007, 78 (5): 1592- 1610. DOI
	Wang, S. Y., Ding, W., Song, S. C., Tan, Y. X., Ahmed, M. Z., Xie, R. B., & Li, L. The relationship between adolescent victimization, nonsuicidal self-injury, and core self-evaluation: A cross-lagged study. Current Psychology, 2024, 43 (1): 28- 38. DOI
	Zheng, Y. G., Xiao, L., Wang, H. L., Chen, Z H., & Wang, G. H. A retrospective research on non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors among young patients diagnosed with mood disorders. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2022, 13, 895892. DOI

人口学变量		失眠检出率				自伤检出率
人口学变量		无失眠	有失眠	χ²(df)	p	无自伤	有自伤	χ²(df)	p
性别	男	1717(72.23%)	660(27.77%)	5.30(1)	0.021	1743(73.33%)	634(26.67%)	44.50(1)	<0.001
性别	女	1649(69.20%)	734(30.80%)	5.30(1)	0.021	1534(64.37%)	849(35.63%)	44.50(1)	<0.001
学段	初中生	1171(75.99%)	370(24.01%)	30.62(1)	<0.001	1012(65.67%)	529(34.33%)	10.70(1)	0.001
学段	高中生	2195(68.19%)	1024(31.81%)	30.62(1)	<0.001	2265(70.36%)	954(29.64%)	10.70(1)	0.001
独生子女状况	独生	547(71.78%)	215(28.22%)	0.56(1)	0.455	553(71.35%)	222(28.65%)	2.72(1)	0.099
独生子女状况	非独生	2807(70.44%)	1178(29.56%)	0.56(1)	0.455	2724(68.36%)	1261(31.64%)	2.72(1)	0.099
留守状况	留守	166(72.17%)	64(27.83%)	0.24(1)	0.624	151(65.65%)	79(34.35%)	1.15(1)	0.284
留守状况	非留守	3173(70.67%)	1317(29.33%)	0.24(1)	0.624	3126(69.01%)	1404(30.99%)	1.15(1)	0.284

人口学变量		失眠检出率				自伤检出率
人口学变量		无失眠	有失眠	χ²(df)	p	无自伤	有自伤	χ²(df)	p
性别	男	1717(72.23%)	660(27.77%)	5.30(1)	0.021	1743(73.33%)	634(26.67%)	44.50(1)	<0.001
性别	女	1649(69.20%)	734(30.80%)	5.30(1)	0.021	1534(64.37%)	849(35.63%)	44.50(1)	<0.001
学段	初中生	1171(75.99%)	370(24.01%)	30.62(1)	<0.001	1012(65.67%)	529(34.33%)	10.70(1)	0.001
学段	高中生	2195(68.19%)	1024(31.81%)	30.62(1)	<0.001	2265(70.36%)	954(29.64%)	10.70(1)	0.001
独生子女状况	独生	547(71.78%)	215(28.22%)	0.56(1)	0.455	553(71.35%)	222(28.65%)	2.72(1)	0.099
独生子女状况	非独生	2807(70.44%)	1178(29.56%)	0.56(1)	0.455	2724(68.36%)	1261(31.64%)	2.72(1)	0.099
留守状况	留守	166(72.17%)	64(27.83%)	0.24(1)	0.624	151(65.65%)	79(34.35%)	1.15(1)	0.284
留守状况	非留守	3173(70.67%)	1317(29.33%)	0.24(1)	0.624	3126(69.01%)	1404(30.99%)	1.15(1)	0.284

变量	M	SD	1	2	3
1.自伤行为	3.60	7.99
2.失眠程度	5.77	4.48	0.30***
3.核心自我评价	3.28	0.78	–0.30***	–0.44***
4.父母自主支持	3.58	0.82	–0.22***	–0.23***	0.34***

变量	M	SD	1	2	3
1.自伤行为	3.60	7.99
2.失眠程度	5.77	4.48	0.30***
3.核心自我评价	3.28	0.78	–0.30***	–0.44***
4.父母自主支持	3.58	0.82	–0.22***	–0.23***	0.34***

变量	失眠程度		自伤行为
变量	M1	M2	M3	M4	M5
控制变量
性别	0.02	–0.06***	0.09***	0.04**	0.05***
学段	0.10***	0.04**	–0.08***	–0.13***	–0.14***
自变量
核心自我评价		–0.45***		–0.31***	–0.21***
中介变量
失眠程度					0.22***
F	27.05***	401.65***	33.54***	181.04***	196.04***
R²	0.01	0.20	0.01	0.11	0.15
ΔF	27.05***	1137.91***	33.54***	469.20***	215.67***
ΔR²	0.01	0.19	0.01	0.09	0.04