The ERP Research about the Influence of Music on Working Memory

Abstract

Abstract: This study examined the effect of the music of Chopin on working memory and the electrical activity of the brain in different conditions by using event-related potentials(ERPs)adopting n-back paradigm and studied the neuromechanism. A 3(without music, advanced music, background music)×2(1-back, 2-back)design was used, 30 participants performed in the behaviored experiment, while 14 participants performed in the ERP experiment. Behavioral results showed that Chopin music improved people′s working memory and the advanced music improved most effectively. Electrophysiological results showed that P3 amplitude decreased as working memory load increased and P3 amplitude decreased gradually when subjects were doing action in advanced music, background music and quiet condition, especially in high load condition. Source localization analysis found that the improvement of working memory may relate to parietal lobe of cortex.

Key words: the music of Chopin, working memory, event-related potentials(ERPs), n-back task, P3 wave.

摘要： 以肖邦音乐为刺激材料,采用数字n-back实验范式来研究肖邦音乐对工作记忆的影响方式,并通过运用事件相关电位技术（ERP技术）,研究不同音乐条件下,正常人大脑皮层的脑电活动情况,进而探讨音乐对工作记忆影响的神经机制。30名被试参加了3种音乐条件（无音乐、先导音乐、背景音乐）下的n-back（n=1、2）工作记忆任务的行为实验,收集行为数据;14名被试参加了同样实验过程的ERP实验,记录脑电数据。行为结果发现音乐条件对工作记忆效果有显著影响,且先导音乐条件下记忆效果最好;脑电结果显示P3波幅随记忆负荷的增加呈下降趋势,高记忆负荷水平下,P3波幅随先导音乐、背景音乐、无音乐的顺序逐渐呈现下降趋势;源定位分析发现音乐对工作记忆的促进作用可能跟大脑顶叶被激活有关。

关键词: 肖邦音乐, 工作记忆, 事件相关电位, n-back任务, P3波。

CLC Number:

B842

Sun Chang′an, Wei Hongtao, Yue Lijuan. The ERP Research about the Influence of Music on Working Memory[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2013, 11(2): 195-199.

孙长安, 韦洪涛, 岳丽娟. 音乐对工作记忆影响及机制的ERP研究[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2013, 11(2): 195-199.

References

1 蔡笑岳, 苏静.(2008). 工作记忆与领域知识在个体认知行为中的作用. 心理与行为研究, 6 (4), 306-310.
2 郭春彦.(2007). 工作记忆: 一个备受关注的研究领域. 心理科学进展, 15 (1), 1-7.
3 侯建成.(2007). “莫扎特效应”的认知神经科学研究. 中国特殊教育 ,(3), 85-91.
4 侯建成, 董奇.(2010). 音乐认知: 脑与认知科学的研究成果及其教育启示. 武汉音乐学院学报 ,(2), 166-173.
5 王新, 钟明宝.(2004). “莫扎特效应”的EEG变化特点与分析. 聊城大学学报（自然科学版） ,(2), 104-107.
6 王婷婷, 莫雷, 舒斯云.(2009). 记忆编码与提取过程的脑机制——功能性核磁共振研究. 生理学报 ,(5), 829-839.
7 王益文, 林崇德.(2005). 额叶参与执行控制的ERP负荷效应. 心理学报 , 37, 723-728.
8 Caggiano, D. M., Jiang, Y., & Parasuraman, R.(2006). Aging and repetition priming for targets and distracters in a working memory task. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 13 , 552-573.
9 Chen J., Penhune V., & Zatorre, R.(2008). Moving on time: Brain network for auditory-motor synchronization is modulated by rhythm complexity and musical training. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 20 (2), 226-239.
10 Elyse, M., George, & Donna Coch.(2011). Music training and working memory: An ERP study. Neuropsychologia, 2 (1), 10-12.
11 Engel, A. K, Singer W.(2011). Temporal binding and the neural correlates of sensory awareness. Trends Cognitive, 5 (1), 16-25.
12 Kramer A. F., Strayer D. L., & Buckley J.(1991). Task versus component consistency in the development of automatic processing: A psycho physiological assessment. Psychophysiology, 28 (4), 1425-1437.
13 Lee, Y., Lu, M., & Ko, H.(2007). Effects of skill training on working memory capacity. Learning and Instruction, 17 , 336-344.
14 Rauscher, F. H., Shaw, G. L., & Ky, K. N.(1995). Listening to Mozart enhances spatial-temporal reasoning: towards a neurophysiological basis. Neuroscience Letters, 185 (1), 44-47.
15 Watter, S., Geffen, G. M., & Geffen, L. B.(2001). The n-back as a dual-task: P300 morphology under divided attention. Psychophysiology, 38 (6), 998-1003.

[1]	CHEN Xianglin, ZHANG Junheng, YAN Bihua. Decoding Effect of Objects of Typical Spatial Position Relations in Real-World Scenes [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(4): 441-449.
[2]	WANG Jiawei, XIAN Meijun, XING Qiang. The Impact of Task Number and Working Memory Capacity on Interleaving Learning [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(1): 15-21.
[3]	LIU Tuanli, HAO Xingfeng, XING Min, BAI Xuejun. The Influence of Internet Addiction on Reasoning Ability of College Students: The Mediating Role of Working Memory Capacity [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(5): 642-649.
[4]	WANG Song, LI Su. The Development of Children’s Story Retelling Skills and Their Relationship with Verbal Working Memory [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2020, 18(5): 596-602.
[5]	CHE Xiaowei, WANG Kaixuan, SHANGGUAN Mengqi, LI Shouxin. The Representation of Attention Template in Visual Working Memory: An EROS Study [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2020, 18(3): 297-303.
[6]	TANG Dandan, FU Yu, WU Yanjing, ZHU Hai. Neural Mechanisms of Group Differences in Visuospatial Working Memory [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2020, 18(2): 176-184.
[7]	WU Guolai, ZHANG Jingjing, REN Fangyuan, YANG Jingjing, JIU Yanhong. Association Between Working Memory Capacity and Mind Wandering Frequency: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2019, 17(4): 461-471.
[8]	ZHANG Xin, SONG Jintao, YING Ronghua, ZHOU Renlai. Is Effectiveness of Working Memory Training the Result of Placebo Effect? [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2019, 17(2): 170-177.
[9]	YANG Haibo, NIU Lili, YIN Shasha, BAI Xuejun. Attention Capture was Guided by the Contents of Non-semantic Coding Visual Working Memory: Evidence from ERPs [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2019, 17(1): 8-14.
[10]	ZONG Zheng, LI Hongxia, SI Jiwei. Mental Arithmetic Performance of Children with Different Approximate Number System Acuity: Effect of Mental Arithmetic Forms [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2018, 16(4): 505-511.
[11]	TAN Ke, MA Jie, LIAN Kunyu, GUO Zhiying, BAI Xuejun. Verbal Working Memory and Reading Ability of Chinese Children with Double-deficit Developmental Dyslexia [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2018, 16(3): 308-314,354.
[12]	LIU Hanjunlan, ZHAO Shouying, GUO haihui. The Influence of Visual Working Memory on Attentional Control in Basketball [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2018, 16(3): 315-320.
[13]	KONG Haiyan, SUN Yu, SONG Guangwen. Influence of Mind Wandering and Working Memory on Junior High School Students' Reading Comprehension [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2018, 16(3): 362-370,377.
[14]	HOU Juan, HOU Yingying, CHEN Shuangyi, FANG Xiaoyi. The Working Memory Ability of Internet Addicts:An ERP Study [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2018, 16(3): 384-393.
[15]	Hao Jiajia, Chen Yinghe, Chen Yiping, Bai Xuejun. Working Memory, Analogical Reasoning and Math Achievement in 7th Grader: Moderated Mediating Effect [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2017, 15(4): 495-499.