A Comparative Study on the Validity of Different Mood Induction Procedures(MIPs)

Abstract

Abstract: Using subjective report and physiological response indexes, this study tries to synthetically explore the validity(including intensity, purity and duration)of 4 different moods(happiness, excitement, sadness and fear), which are induced by 4 widely used MIPs(Picture MIP, Music MIP, Film MIP and Autobiographical Recollection MIP). Our conclusions are as follows: 1)In general, music MIP turns out to induce the highest level of mood intensity, while picture MIP induces the lowest one. For the positive mood, music MIP induces a higher level of mood intensity, while picture MIP induces a lower one; For the negative mood, Autobiographical Recollection MIP induces a higher level of mood intensity, while music MIP induces a lower one. 2)Music MIP turns out to induce a higher level of mood purity, while picture MIP induces a lower one. 3)The durations of the moods vary in accordance with different levels of valence and arousal: the duration of happiness is nearly 1 minute, the duration of excitement is 2 minutes and 30 seconds, the duration of sadness is 1 minute and 30 seconds, and the duration of fear is 2 minutes.

Key words: mood induction, mood intensity, mood purity, mood duration, psycho physiological responses.

摘要： 采用自我报告和生理反馈法，从强度、纯度、时间进程三方面考察图片、音乐、电影和回忆四种常用情绪诱发方法诱发出的高兴、激动、悲伤和恐惧四种不同维度的情绪的有效性。得出结论：（1）总体上，音乐诱发情绪的强度最高，图片最低；在积极情绪中，音乐诱发的强度普遍较高，图片较低；消极情绪中，回忆诱发的强度普遍较高，音乐较低。（2）音乐诱发情绪的纯度较高，图片较低。（3）效价和激活度不同，情绪的时间进程不同，高兴能持续将近1分钟，激动能持续2分30秒，悲伤能持续1分30秒，而恐惧能持续2分钟。

关键词: 情绪诱发方法, 情绪强度, 情绪纯度, 情绪的时间进程, 生理心理反应。

Xie Yunzi, Yang Ze. A Comparative Study on the Validity of Different Mood Induction Procedures(MIPs)[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2016, 14(5): 591-599.

谢韵梓，阳泽. 不同情绪诱发方法有效性的比较研究[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2016, 14(5): 591-599.

References

[1] 白露, 马慧, 黄宇霞, 罗跃嘉.(2005). 中国情绪图片系统的编制: 在46名中国大学生中的试用. 中国心理卫生杂志, 19(11), 719-722.
[2] 贾静.(2009). 影片片段诱发情绪的生理活动研究. 硕士学位论文. 南京师范大学.
[3] 蒋军, 陈雪飞, 陈安涛.(2011). 情绪诱发方法及其新进展. 西南大学学报, 36(1), 209-214.
[4] 孔艳娜.(2014). 情绪研究方法. 硕士学位论文. 信阳师范学院.
[5] 李芳, 朱昭红, 白学军.(2008). 高兴和悲伤电影片段诱发情绪的有效性和时间进程. 心理与行为研究, 7(1), 32-38.
[6] 李建平, 张平代, 代景华, 王丽芳, 闫克乐.(2006). 五种基本情绪心脏自主神经传出活动模式. 中国行为医学科学, 15(1), 57-58.
[7] 李改.(2008). 情绪反应的动力性及其影响因素的研究. 博士学位论文, 首都师范大学.
[8] 彭义升.(2012). 情绪反应时间动力性的参数研究. 硕士学位论文. 首都师范大学.
[9] 王海宝, 张达人, 余永强.(2009). 情绪记忆增强效应的时间依赖性. 心理学报, 41(10), 932-938.
[10] 徐景波, 孟昭兰, 王丽华.(1995). 正负性情绪的自主生理反应实验研究. 心理科学, 18(3), 134-192.
[11] 徐鹏飞, 黄宇霞, 罗跃嘉.(2010). 中国情绪影像材料库的初步编制和评定. 中国心理卫生杂志, 24(7), 551-554.
[12] 薛昀赟.(2009). 听觉材料诱发恐惧情绪下生理指标的变化和自主神经反应模式的实验研究. 硕士学位论文. 第四军医大学.
[13] 郑璞, 刘聪慧, 俞国良.(2012). 情绪诱发方法评述. 心理科学进展, 20(1), 45-55.
[14] 郑希付.(2004). 不同情绪模式图片的和词语刺激启动的时间效应. 心理学报, 36(5), 55-59.
[15] Barrett, L. F.(1997). The relationships among momentary emotion experiences, personality descriptions, and retrospective ratings of emotion. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23(10), 1100-1110.
[16] Bradley, M. M., & Lang, P. J.(2000). Affective reactions to acoustic stimuli. Psychophysiology, 37(2), 204-215.
[17] Bradley, M. M., ＆ Lang, P. J.(2007). The International Affective Picture System(lAPS)in the Study of Emotion and Attention. New York: Oxford University Press.
[18] Brody, L. R., & Hall, J. A.(2000). Sex and emotion. In M. Lewis & J. M. Haviland-Jones(Eds.), Handbook of emotions(2nd ed.)(pp. 325-414). New York: The Guilford Press.
[19] Cannon, W. B.(1931 ). Again the James -Lange and the thalamic theories of emotion. Psychological Review , 38(4), 281-295.
[20] Corson, Y., & Verrier, N.(2007). Emotions and false memory: Valence or arousal?. Psychological Science, 18, 208-211.
[21] Davidson, R. J.(2003). Affective neuroscience and psychophysiology: Toward a synthesis. Psychophysiology, 40, 655-665.
[22] Fredrickson, B. L., & Kahneman, B.(1993). Duration neglect in retrospective evaluations of affective episodes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(1), 45-55.
[23] Fredrickson, B. L, ＆ Levenson, R W.(1998). Positive emotions speed recovery from the cardiovascular sequelae of negative emotions. Cognition & Emotion, 12, 191-220.
[24] Frijda, N. H., & Sundararajan, L.(2007). Emotion refinement: A theory inspired by Chinese poetics. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2, 227-241.
[25] Fritz, T., Jentschke, S., Gosselin, N., Sammler, D., Peretz, I., Turner, R., et al.(2009). Universal recognition of three basic emotions in music. Current Biology, 19, 573-576.
[26] Frost, R.0, ＆ Green, M. L.(1982). Veltent Mood Induction Proce dure Effects Duration and Postexperimental Removal. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 8, 341-347.
[27] Kreibig, S. D., Wilhelm, F. H., Roth, W. T., & Gross. J. J.(2007). Cardiovascular, electrodermal, and respiratory response patterns to fear-and sadness-inducing films. Psychophysiology, 44, 787-806.
[28] Levenson, R. W.(2003). Autonomic specificity and emotion//Davidson R J, Scherer K R, Goldsmith H H. Handbook of affective science, New York: Oxford University Press, 212-224.
[29] Mather, M.(2011). Arousal-biased competition in perception and memory. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 6, 114-133.
[30] Mauss, I. B., Wilhelm, F. H., & Gross, J. J.(2010). Is there less to social anxiety than meets the eye? Emotion experience, expression, and bodily responding. Cognition and Emotion, 18, 631-662.
[31] Martin, M.(1990). On the Induction of Mood. Clinical Psychology Review, 10(6): 669-697.
[32] Nielen, M. M. A., Heslenfeld. D. J., Heinen, K., Van Strien, J. W., Witter. M. P., Jonker, C., ＆ Veltman, D. J(2009). Distinct brain systems underlie the processing of valence and arousal of affective. Pictures. Brain and Cognition., 71(3), 387-396.
[33] Russell, J． A．(1980). A circumflex model of affect, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39.
[34] Russell, J. A., Lewicka, M., ＆ Niit, T.(1989). A cross-cultural study of a circumplex model of affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(5), 848-856.
[35] Westermann, R., Spies, K., Stahl, G., & Hesse, F. W.(1996). Relative effectiveness and validity of mood induction procedures: A meta-analysis. European Journal of Social Psychology, 26(4), 557-580.
[36] Zentner, M., Grandjean, D., & Scherer, K. R.(2008). Emotions evoked by the sound of music: Characterization, classification, and measurement. Emotion, 8, 494-521.