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20 December 2005, Volume 3 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Is Happy Facial Expression Identified by the Left or Right Hemisphere? Zhou Xiaolin, Shao Liping 2005, 3(4):  241-247.  Abstract ( )   PDF (227KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics A critical difference between the right hemisphere hypothesis and valence hypothesis of emotion processing is whether the processing of happy facial expressions is lateralized to the right or left hemisphere. In this study participants from a Chinese sample were asked to classify happy or neutral facial expressions presented either bilaterally in both visual fields or unilaterally in the left visual field(LVF)or right visual field(RVF). They were required to make the speeded responses using either the left or right hand. It was found that for both left and right hand responses, happy(and neutral)expressions presented in the LVF were identified faster than happy(and neutral)expressions presented in the RVF. Bilateral presentation showed no further advantage over LVF presentation. Moreover, left hand responses were generally faster than right hand responses, although this effect was more pronounced for neutral expression. These findings were interpreted as supporting the right hemisphere hypothesis, with happy expression being identified initially by the right hemisphere.

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Effects of Media and Distributed Information on Collaborative Concept-Learning Fu Xiaolan, Tan Jing 2005, 3(4):  248-255.  Abstract ( )   PDF (279KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The present study explores the effects of media and distributed information on the performance of remotely located pairs of people′s completing a concept-learning task. Sixty pairs performed a concept-learning task using either audio-only or audio-plus-video for communication. The distribution of information includes three levels: with totally same information, with partly same information, and with totally different information. The subjects′ primary psychological functions were also considered in this study. The results showed a significant main effect of the amount of information shared by the subjects on the number of the negative instances selected by the subjects, and a significant main effect of media on the time taken by the subjects to complete the task.

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ON THE PSYCHOQIAL LDEAS OF HEALTH CARE IN THE BOOK THE SECRET OF HEALTH CARE Yang Xinhui 2005, 3(4):  256-259.  Abstract ( )   PDF (545KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The secret of health care is a book written by Hongji, an old scholar-physician in late Ming dynasity. The book integrated various shools′ psychological ideas of health care. Vigour was the essence of spirit. Qi was the support of spirit. Body was the carrier or spirit the combination of the four elements formulates a unique organic mechanism. The key point of keeping mental and physical health was to "retain vigour". Health caring from both mental and physical aspects is of great importance for health and longevity. The major ways of health care was medical therapy physical therapy psychotherapy. Only when the three therapies work together they would take overall effect.

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PREDICTED MODEL OF UNDERGRADUATES′ LIFE STRESS INDUCING DEPRESSION AND SUICIDE IDEA Zheng Linke, Yang Jing 2005, 3(4):  260-264.  Abstract ( )   PDF (599KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics 3558 undergraduates were tested by University Personality Invention(UPI)and Student-Life Stress Inventory (SLSI). The sample was fit for predicted model for undergraduates′ life stressor and stress reaction inducing depression and suicide idea with regression analysis and path analysis. The results showed: frustration and pressure and change and self-fore from undergraduates′ life were important stressor indirect to effect depression, their emotion react and physiological react and behavior react were important stress reaction direct to effect depression. Predicted percentage correct of undergraduates′ depression inducing suicide idea was 97.0%; OR(odd ratio)of undergraduates′ depression inducing suicide idea was 1.86 than not depression; OR of female undergraduates′ depression inducing suicide idea was 2.00 than not depression. Direct effect of undergraduates′ stressor was 0.83 for their stress reaction and of their stress reaction was 0.53 for their depression and of their depression was 0.31 for their suicide idea. Indirect effect of undergraduates′ stressor was 0.14 and of stressreaction was 0.17 for inducing their suicide idea through their depression but its direct effects were 0.00 and 0.09. The predicted model offers parameter of clinical psychology to intervene undergraduates′ mental crisis.

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STUDY ON THE CORRELATIVITY OF STUDENTS′ LEARNING ATTITUDE AND BEHAVIOR Li Xiaoping, Guo Jianglan 2005, 3(4):  265-267.  Abstract ( )   PDF (328KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics According to the structural theory, the attitude contains three components, intention, affect and cognition. The purpose of this work is to explore the relationship between the three components in learning attitude and learning behavior by questionnaire survey. The finding revealed that the most important factor affecting learning behavior was not cognition but affect and intention. Therefore, the key to form active learning attitude which could promote learning behavior was to make students experience the happy of study and foster their spirit of assiduity.

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AN EVENT-RELATED POTENTIAL STUDY OF FACE-SPECIFIC MECHANISM Du Yingchun, Lv Yong 2005, 3(4):  268-274.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1143KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The peresent study uses Event-Related Potentials method which takes faces, cars, birds and chairs as stimuli to study the N170 face-specific mechanism under the conditions of car monitoring task and animacy decision task. It′s found that N170 induced by faces was obviously different from those induced by other kinds of stimuli. ERPs induced by cars showed different patterns when conditions differed: under car monitoring task, N170 induced by cars showed a similar trend as N170 induced by faces which had much bigger amplitude than those of birds and chairs; while under animacy decision task there was no such difference. All of these could provide evidence for the existence of face-specific neural mechanism.

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THE CHARACTERISTICS OF TEACHER-STUDENT RELATIONSHIP IN MIDDLE AND HIGH SCHOOL: STRUCTURE, PATTERN AND DEVELOPMENT Yao Jihai, Tang Dan 2005, 3(4):  275-280.  Abstract ( )   PDF (589KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics This study, involving 319 middle and high school students in 6 grades and using methods of questionnaire survey, explored the characteristics of teacher-student relationship. Results showed that(1)There were four factors existing in the structure of teacher-student relationship: conflict, attachment, closeness and avoidance.(2)There were three patterns of teacher-student relationship: the pattern of conflict, the pattern of closeness and harmoniousness and the pattern of distance.(3)The development of teacher-student relationship tended to drop and fluctuate from low grade to high grade. Teacher-student relationship in first grade of middle school was the highest. Both of teacher-student relationships in second grade of middle school and second grade of high school were the lowest.(4)There were the most percentage in patterns of conflict and distance and the least percentage in pattern of closeness and harmoniousness in these two grades.

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MOVEMENT ERROR AND REPETITION ERROR MADE BY PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SERIAL RECALL TASK Han Zongyi, Bai Xuejun 2005, 3(4):  281-285.  Abstract ( )   PDF (448KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The study used 20 primary school students of grade one, grade three and grade five as subjects, chose confused Chinese characters in phonology as experimental material. The subjects were required to finfish th serial recall task. The results showed:(1)The proportions of movement errors decreased with grade. The differences of grade were significant.(2)There were the most movement errors when movement distances were one and two. The difference of movement distance was significant. (3)The difference of grade on repetition errors was not significant, nor was the difference of repetition distance.

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THE STUDY ON THE MECHANISM OF INFLUENCE TO MATHEMATICAL LEARNING STRATEGIES BY THE CONTROLLABLE PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS Mo Xiufeng, Liu Dianzhi 2005, 3(4):  286-290.  Abstract ( )   PDF (493KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The questionnaire and inquired methods were used to study a mechanism. The mechanism is how junior high school student′s mathematical learning straggles are influenced by the controllable psychological factors. The participants are 889 junior high school students. The results are as followings: Firstly, the selected psychological factors were representational. Secondly, the mechanism concerning the controllable psychological factors′ influence on the high school students′ mathematical learning straggles are that the mathematical learning strategies were significantly and directly affected by motivation, positive attribution, positive tendency to difficulty and strategy consciousness of mathematical learning strategy. The research implies that the teaching of mathematical learning stragegy should payattention to the effects of the controllable psychological factors and deal with the relations among different factors properly.

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THE STUDY ON THE BELIEFS OF KNOWLEDGE AND KNOWING AMONG MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS Wu Hongshun, Lian Rong 2005, 3(4):  291-295.  Abstract ( )   PDF (470KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The present study investigated the middle school students′ beliefs of knowledge and knowing by using the self designed scale. The results indicated that:(1)the beliefs of knowledge and knowing of middle school students were overly constructive;(2)Differences occurred in the dimensions of the beliefs of knowledge and knowing among students of different sex and also among the students major in liberal arts and sciences;(3)the beliefs of knowledge and knowing of junior middle school students were more constructive than the senior middle school students;(4)there were remarkable differences at the dimensions of beliefs of knowledge and knowing among the students of different performance;the beliefs of knowledge learning process, the beliefs of knowledge value, the beliefs of the attitude of knowledge learning were all the valid predictive variables for the academic performance of middle school students.

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ACADEMIC HELP-SEEKING AND ITS INFLUENCE FACTORS AMONG EIGHTH GRADERS Tang Fanggui 2005, 3(4):  296-300.  Abstract ( )   PDF (462KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The present paper studied some self-designed scales and investigated the relation between motivations, culture factors and academic help-seeking, so as to deepen the knowing of China students′ academic help-seeking. The results showed that:(1)Both academic help-seeking attitude and academic help-seeking behavior had significant relationship with the various dimensions of achievement goals, self-efficacy and culture factors.(2)The effects of achievement goals, self-efficacy and culture factors on academic help-seeking behavior were mediated by academic help-seeking attitude.(3)Both motivations and culture factors had important influence on academic help-seeking.

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RESEARCH ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENERAL LIFE SATISFACTION AND FAMILY FACTORS OF MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS Wang Jinxia, Wang Jichun 2005, 3(4):  301-304.  Abstract ( )   PDF (400KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Through the questionnaire investigation of 190 middle school students of the rearing way of parents, life satisfaction and some relevant family factors, the paper found:(1)Family location environment, financial level, the parents′ professions and their cultural degree had no significant influence on general life satisfaction;The parent-offspring relation, the happiness degree of parents marriage influenced general life satisfaction significantly.(2)The warm passion factor of parents′ rearing way and students′ general life satisfaction had significantly positive relation; the factor of hard-punishment, rejection and denial had significantly negative relation with students′ general life satisfaction.(3)The satisfaction of parent-offspring relation, the factor of father′s denial and mother′s hard-punishment rearing way were the important factors of forecasting the students′ general life satisfaction.

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THE RELATION BETWEEN CHILDREN′S SOCIAL PERSPECTIVE TAKING AND THE SHARING BEHAVIOR Jia Lei, Li Yousui 2005, 3(4):  305-309.  Abstract ( )   PDF (483KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The particpants were kindergarten children, first grader, second grader and third grader, each age group having 60 children. The purpose was to examine the relationship between the development of children′s social perspective taking and the development of sharing behavior in prosocial behavior. The results indicated(1)the development of social perspective taking, especially cognitive perspective taking had an effect on children′s real sharing behavior.(2)there were developmental stages about children′s sharing behavior.(3)during the period of kindergarten, there were significant difference between the development of cognitive perspective taking and affective perspective taking, but there were no difference during the pupils of grade one to three.

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REVIEW AND PROSPECT OF THE RISK PERCEPTION RESEARCH Tian Lili, Zheng Xue, Liu Haitao 2005, 3(4):  310-313.  Abstract ( )   PDF (474KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Risk perception refers to how one can subjectively estimate and identify the magnitude and the dimension of risk which is latent around the people,instability is its elementary nature. Based on the review of previous researches in this field, the current work conducted a summary from the research details and methods. The problems on the risk evaluation researches and risk identification researches were pointed out, moreover, the further research orientations were suggested from the theory, measure and development.