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20 September 2003, Volume 1 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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A REVIEW ON UNCONSCIOUS COGNITION Yang Zhiliang, Zhou Ying, Li Lin 2003, 1(3):  161-165.  Abstract ( )   PDF (547KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The progress and characteristics of unconscious cognition were presented in this paper, which mainly reviews the progress in implicit memory and implicit learning. There are a number of similarities between the implicit memory and implicit learning in terms of empirical findings, characteristics and theoretical approaches. Thus a unified perspective of these two previously separate domains was expected.

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A STUDY OF VISUAL WORKING MEMORY LOAD IN N-BACK PARADIGM Shen Mowei, Yi Yuji, Zhang Feng 2003, 1(3):  166-170.  Abstract ( )   PDF (479KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Focus on the effects of visual working memory load on response time, discriminability and subjective evaluation, the visual spatial working memory and the visual object memory were compared in the n-back paradigm in which the memory load varied from 1 to 3. As the memory load increased, the response time and the subjective mental workload increased as well, and the discriminability decreased. The load was higher in the abstract geometrical figure matching task than in the visual spatial matching task. This experiment evidenced that these two tasks had different processes.

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ATTENTIONAL SHIFT BETWEEN THE UPPER AND LOWER VISUAL FIELDS Wan Xiao′ang, Han Shihui 2003, 1(3):  171-176.  Abstract ( )   PDF (438KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The current work examined the shift of spatial attention between the upper and lower visual fields and whether the attentional shift is influenced by perceived three-dimensional space. Posner′s cueing paradigm and two sets of visual context were used that produced perceived depth. Reaction times were measured in valid, invalid, and neutral conditions. We found that reaction latency was shorter in the valid conditions than that in invalid ones and this effect was stronger when stimuli were presented in upper visual fields than that in the lower ones. However, attentional shift between the upper and lower visual fields was not affected by perceived depth. The results suggest an asymmetry of the attentional shift between the upper visual fields and lower ones.

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THE DEVELOPMENT OF SHANGHAI COLLEGE STUDENTS′ COMMON PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS SCALE Nie Jing, Fu Anqiu 2003, 1(3):  177-180.  Abstract ( )   PDF (456KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics In terms of the common characters of psychological problems, this article focuses on ten kinds of mental blocks, including mental fatigue, worry for no reason, distraction, inanity, inferiority, melancholy, depression, rage, cowardice and hostility. This research results in a scale which is proved to have a good reliability and validity. According to the scale, a further research was made on Shanghai college students′ psychological problems.

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ON THE FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE HAN AND TIBETAN CULTURE IDENTITY STATUS OF THE TIBETAN UNDERGRADUATES Yong Lin, Wan Minggang 2003, 1(3):  181-185.  Abstract ( )   PDF (489KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics This article tries to find out the factors that affect the Han and Tibetan culture identity status of the Tibetan undergraduates. According to the data, we that found the fact the Tibetan undergraduates′ learning Chinese does not affect their identity of Tibetan culture in a negative way, though the correlation between their identities of the two cultures is significantly negative. Factors such as time of studying Chinese, teaching languages (both Tibetan and Chinese or only Chinese) and the educational level of fathers have significant main effects on Tibetan culture identity; Factors such as time of studying Chinese and teaching languages have significants main effect on Han culture identity.

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PRESENT SITUATIONS OF MASSES′ BELIEF AND ITS RELATED FACTORS Li Yousui, Lv Yong, Li Wei 2003, 1(3):  186-189.  Abstract ( )   PDF (443KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics To study contemporary masses′ present situations of belief and its related factors, 745 Tianjin residents were measured on a self-designed questionnaire. The results showed that there were the most significant differences in belief among the different groups. Material belief and ethical belief had positive correlation with the age, but mental belief kept constant when the age changed. Not only mental belief and national and social belief had positive correlation but material belief, ethical belief and religious belief had negative correlation with the culture level. Mental belief or national and social belief had positive correlation and material belief or religious belief had negative correlation with social stability consciousness.

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METAMEMORY ABILITY OF CHILDREN WITH LEARNING DIFFICULTIES Zhou Chu, Liu Xiaomin, Lu Haidong 2003, 1(3):  190-193.  Abstract ( )   PDF (366KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Compared with learning-better children, this experiment studied the level of JOLs and allocation of self-paced study time of children with learning-disabled, and their developing characteristics. Also we studied the interaction between the metamemory monitoring and control. This experiment was 2×3×2 mixed design. The results showed that:(1)The degree of JOLs of children′s with learning-disabled was lower than learning-better children.（2）In the self-paced study, learning-disabled children allocated much more time on the judged difficult items. The difference between children with learning-disabled and learning-better children was significant.（3）There were developing trends on level of JOLs of children′s with learning-disabled and metamemory control.（4）There was interaction between JOLs and allocation of self-paced studytime.

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THE EXECUTIVE FUNCTION AND EMOTION REGULATION OF CHILDREN Zhou Mei, Zhou Xiaolin 2003, 1(3):  194-199.  Abstract ( )   PDF (576KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The executive function system can control and regulate person′s psychological processes and behaviors. Children′s cognitive processes and their emotion and behaviors are also influenced by their executive function. So the development of executive function becomes a focus of developmental psychology. Nowadays, many psychologists try to find out how the children′s executive system development and work. They think that we can know more about our brain through this kind of research. For some researchers argue that the executive function will also regulate children′s social behaviors, more and more researchers try to integrate children′s social behaviors such as self-control and emotion regulation with the executive function. They want to reveal the relation between executive function and emotion regulation. This article summarizes some important productions in this filed.

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THE CHANGE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND ITS STRATEGY OF LEADERSHIP Xu Changjiang, Shi Kan 2003, 1(3):  200-204.  Abstract ( )   PDF (602KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics More and more researchers have focused on the change of organizational culture within a turbulent and uncertain environment. And leadership plays an important role in the process of organizational culture change. There are three factors affecting culture change: the availability of alternative organizational frames, the participants′ level of commitment to the current frame, and the fluidity of the current frame. The paper also put forward the mechanism and some strategies of leadership in the change of organizational culture.

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A REVIEW OF RESEARCHES ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHILDREN′S DRAWINGS AND THEIR LANGUAGE Li Su, Li Wenfu, Yang Yufang 2003, 1(3):  205-208.  Abstract ( )   PDF (446KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The relationship between children′s drawings and their language is an important and difficult research area in children′s drawings and cognitive development. Based on a brief review of the researches on children′s drawings, the present article introduced researches on the relationship between children′s drawings and their language from three different aspects:(1)Drawing and language are two semiotic systems;(2)They have the similarity and interaction during the development; (3)They show the same developmental stages during child′s development. These results indicated that it is the meaning that connects these two semiotic systems. Meaning is the key point of the relationship between children′s drawings and their language. This relationship changes with age. Additionally, the present article analyzed the deficiencies of these researches and put forward some new thinking to further study.

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CHILDREN′S ABILITY TO DISTINGUISH PERFORMED AND IMAGINED ACTION IN SOURCE MONITORING Guo Xiaojuan, Su Yanjie 2003, 1(3):  209-213.  Abstract ( )   PDF (468KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The article has introduced the concept of source monitoring and reality monitoring, explained the age differences in reality monitoring, expatiated the framework of reality monitoring and the main effected factors, and described the recent development of the reality monitoring theory.

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A REVIEW ON RESEARCH OF SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING Chen Shujuan, Zhou Aibao 2003, 1(3):  214-217.  Abstract ( )   PDF (478KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The conception, content and character of subjective well-being are introduced. At the same time the author reviews the theory of subjective well-being and analyses the factors that influence the subjective well-being, and proposes new research directions, which gives new idea for other researchers in future.

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NEW DEVELOPMENTS ON THE STUDY OF ACHIEVEMENT GOAL' STRUCTURE Li Hongyu, Li Yuan, Zhang Xingli 2003, 1(3):  218-222.  Abstract ( )   PDF (484KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Firstly, traditional theories of achievement goals are reviewed; secondly, new developments on achievement goals' structure are introduced and evaluated-revision of original mastery-performance goal dichotomy, discussions on effects of achievement goals. Finally, implications of future research on the structure of achievement goals are suggested.

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COMMON PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS RESPONSES AND PSYCHOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS DURING THE SARS EPIDEMIC IN CHINA Liang Baoyong 2003, 1(3):  223-230.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1044KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics SARS(the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) epidemic was considered as a sudden stressful event of the public health. Psychological stress responses common among the Chinese ordinary people were introduced, including emotional stress (such as anxiety, fear, anger, resentment and depression), cognitive dysfunction, ego defense responses, physiological reaction and behavioral coping responses. The author put forward a series of psychological interventions such as publicizing the government′s measures and scientific and medical workers′ related achievements, providing health education for the common people, and emotional support for those individuals falling into psychological stress, cognitive intervention, behavioral guidance and modification, and psychological counseling and psychotherapy.

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PSYCHOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES OF STUDENTS AND TEACHERS OF UNIVERSITIES TO THE SARS EPIDEMIC IN TIANJIN Yue Guo′an, Jing Shijie 2003, 1(3):  231-235.  Abstract ( )   PDF (595KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Using the inventory of SARS, the authors studied the cognition of SARS, the psychological and behavioral responses, and some events related to the SARS of 336 students and 44 teachers of universities in Tianjin. The results indicated:(1)most of the students and teachers have normal mental state and behavioral style;(2)a few students and teachers experienced fear and anxiety, especially the teachers and the female students. Finally, the authors put forward the advice according to the result of this research.

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COLLEGE STUDENTS′ SARS STRESSORS AND STRESS Yin Guo′en, Xu Fuming, Yu Peng, Feng Hong 2003, 1(3):  236-239.  Abstract ( )   PDF (425KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The major purpose of the study was to explore the SARS′ stressors and stress for college students. Questionaires about SARS′ stressors and stress were used to investigate 723 college students. The results showed that: (1)The SARS′ stressors for college students consisted of three components, namely the SARS stressor, the environmental stressor, and the stressor from copping with SARS.(2)All of the levels of panic from SARS, stress from SARS, and influence of SARS were moderate.