词素位置概率在中文重叠歧义词识别中的作用

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2022.06.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用模糊词报告范式，探究词素位置概率在中文词汇识别中的作用。实验1操纵重叠歧义词（如“邮差距”）首、尾的词素位置概率，被试任务是快速报告重叠歧义词中间字的读音，结果发现，读者倾向于报告词素位置概率高的一侧字的读音。实验2操纵重叠歧义词（如“惹祸害”）首、尾的词素位置概率，被试任务是报告重叠歧义词其中的一个词，结果发现，读者倾向于报告词素位置概率高的一侧词的读音。结果表明，词素位置概率是中文词切分的有效线索，首、尾词素位置概率在词汇加工中均发挥了作用。

关键词: 词素位置概率, 重叠歧义词, 中文阅读, 词切分

Abstract:

The present study examined the role of character positional frequency by using the lexical overlapping paradigm. In Experiment 1, three-character strings were presented and the middle characters were polyphones. Participants were asked to report the pronunciation and tone of the middle character. The results showed that the middle characters were more likely to pronounce as high character positional frequency. In Experiment 2, the manipulation was the same as in Experiment 1, except that the middle characters were not polyphones. The results showed that readers tended to report the pronunciation of the word based on high character positional frequency conditions. The findings reveal both the initial and the final character positional frequency play vital roles in word processing and support the multiple activation hypothesis of Chinese word recognition.

Key words: positional frequency, overlapping ambiguous strings, Chinese reading, word segmentation

中图分类号:

B842

曹海波, 任亮, 韩丹, 贾东立, 王敬欣. 词素位置概率在中文重叠歧义词识别中的作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(6): 732-738.

Haibo CAO, Liang REN, Dan HAN, Dongli JIA, Jingxin WANG. The Role of Character Positional Frequency of Word Segmentation of Overlapping Ambiguous Strings in Chinese[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(6): 732-738.

图/表 8

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词素位置概率类型	目标词举例	词首笔画数	词尾笔画数	词首字频	词尾字频	词首词频	词尾词频
高词首−高词尾	邮差距	8.40（2.67）	8.40（2.76）	225.75（138.25）	239.20（138.90）	3.68（3.77）	2.84（2.86）
高词首−低词尾	推倒退	9.40（1.71）	7.70（2.36）	303.60（340.63）	270.20（279.88）	2.99（4.33）	2.94（0.93）
低词首−高词尾	辱没谱	8.90（2.85）	8.60（4.22）	353.53（189.75）	347.43（349.76）	2.96（5.18）	3.23（4.25）
低词首−低词尾	利率直	8.80（2.30）	8.20（2.57）	323.06（332.02）	306.93（419.92）	2.62（5.90）	2.80（5.84）

词素位置概率类型	目标词举例	词首笔画数	词尾笔画数	词首字频	词尾字频	词首词频	词尾词频
高词首−高词尾	邮差距	8.40（2.67）	8.40（2.76）	225.75（138.25）	239.20（138.90）	3.68（3.77）	2.84（2.86）
高词首−低词尾	推倒退	9.40（1.71）	7.70（2.36）	303.60（340.63）	270.20（279.88）	2.99（4.33）	2.94（0.93）
低词首−高词尾	辱没谱	8.90（2.85）	8.60（4.22）	353.53（189.75）	347.43（349.76）	2.96（5.18）	3.23（4.25）
低词首−低词尾	利率直	8.80（2.30）	8.20（2.57）	323.06（332.02）	306.93（419.92）	2.62（5.90）	2.80（5.84）

词素位置概率	占比
高词首−高词尾	0.46（0.50）
高词首−低词尾	0.66（0.48）
低词首−高词尾	0.33（0.47）
低词首−低词尾	0.49（0.50）

词素位置概率	占比
高词首−高词尾	0.46（0.50）
高词首−低词尾	0.66（0.48）
低词首−高词尾	0.33（0.47）
低词首−低词尾	0.49（0.50）

模型	报告比率
模型	b	SE	z	95%CI
截距	−0.52	1.63	−0.32	[−3.72, 2.67]
词首词素位置概率	−4.48	0.34	−13.18***	[−5.14, −3.81]
词尾词素位置概率	5.21	0.38	13.65***	[4.46, 5.96]
词首词素位置概率× 词尾词素位置概率	−0.68	0.63	−1.08	[−1.92, 0.56]