心理与行为研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (2): 197-203.DOI: 10.12139/j.1672-0628.2024.02.007
收稿日期:
2023-08-02
出版日期:
2024-03-20
发布日期:
2024-03-20
通讯作者:
王敬欣
基金资助:
Tongwen HU1, Kuo ZHANG2, Yuru CHENG1, Jingxin WANG*,1()
Received:
2023-08-02
Online:
2024-03-20
Published:
2024-03-20
Contact:
Jingxin WANG
摘要:
本研究利用眼动追踪技术,将不同类型情绪词嵌入到同一句子框架,考察中文自然阅读中的情绪词类型效应及其与效价的关系。结果发现,情绪标签词注视时间显著长于情绪负载词,且这种注视差异不受情绪效价的调节。此外,对积极词的注视显著短于消极词,验证了积极效价的语义加工优势,支持了密度假说。结果表明,中文阅读中同样存在情绪词类型效应,且不论情绪效价如何,情绪标签词上情绪信息作用更为显著,更吸引读者注意且难以解离,表现出注意偏向优势。
胡同文, 张阔, 程玉茹, 王敬欣. 中文阅读中的情绪词类型效应不受效价的调节:来自眼动的证据[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2024, 22(2): 197-203.
Tongwen HU, Kuo ZHANG, Yuru CHENG, Jingxin WANG. The Emotion Word Type Effect in Chinese Reading not Moderated by Valence: Evidence from Eye-Tracking[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2024, 22(2): 197-203.
情绪词类型 | 效价 | 愉悦度 | 唤醒度 | 抽象度 | 词频(次/百万) | 笔画数 | 邻居词数量 |
标签词 | 积极 | 7.11(0.45) | 5.32(0.35) | 6.75(0.31) | 24.74(28.76) | 19.32(3.42) | 25.50(21.43) |
消极 | 2.77(0.56) | 5.39(0.51) | 6.70(0.34) | 19.25(29.69) | 18.14(4.62) | 22.75(29.20) | |
负载词 | 积极 | 6.95(0.41) | 5.42(0.60) | 6.63(0.34) | 34.39(64.89) | 18.57(4.69) | 21.64(16.38) |
消极 | 2.87(0.46) | 5.49(0.54) | 6.67(0.37) | 16.98(34.44) | 19.18(5.35) | 17.89(15.15) |
表1 目标词属性的基本参数情况[M(SD)]
情绪词类型 | 效价 | 愉悦度 | 唤醒度 | 抽象度 | 词频(次/百万) | 笔画数 | 邻居词数量 |
标签词 | 积极 | 7.11(0.45) | 5.32(0.35) | 6.75(0.31) | 24.74(28.76) | 19.32(3.42) | 25.50(21.43) |
消极 | 2.77(0.56) | 5.39(0.51) | 6.70(0.34) | 19.25(29.69) | 18.14(4.62) | 22.75(29.20) | |
负载词 | 积极 | 6.95(0.41) | 5.42(0.60) | 6.63(0.34) | 34.39(64.89) | 18.57(4.69) | 21.64(16.38) |
消极 | 2.87(0.46) | 5.49(0.54) | 6.67(0.37) | 16.98(34.44) | 19.18(5.35) | 17.89(15.15) |
情绪词类型 | 效价 | 句子 |
标签词 | 积极 | 或许是过往的那些幸福日子让他难以忘怀。 |
消极 | 或许是过往的那些伤心日子让他难以忘怀。 | |
负载词 | 积极 | 或许是过往的那些辉煌日子让他难以忘怀。 |
消极 | 或许是过往的那些窝囊日子让他难以忘怀。 |
表2 实验材料举例
情绪词类型 | 效价 | 句子 |
标签词 | 积极 | 或许是过往的那些幸福日子让他难以忘怀。 |
消极 | 或许是过往的那些伤心日子让他难以忘怀。 | |
负载词 | 积极 | 或许是过往的那些辉煌日子让他难以忘怀。 |
消极 | 或许是过往的那些窝囊日子让他难以忘怀。 |
情绪词类型 | 效价 | 首次注视时间(ms) | 单一注视时间(ms) | 凝视时间(ms) | 回视路径时间(ms) | 总注视时间(ms) |
标签词 | 积极 | 240(90) | 241(89) | 278(139) | 387(291) | 399(243) |
消极 | 243(90) | 244(93) | 296(162) | 426(324) | 444(275) | |
负载词 | 积极 | 230(82) | 229(82) | 264(124) | 362(274) | 375(223) |
消极 | 237(86) | 241(89) | 294(143) | 408(315) | 409(238) |
表3 各实验条件下眼动指标的描述统计结果[M(SD)]
情绪词类型 | 效价 | 首次注视时间(ms) | 单一注视时间(ms) | 凝视时间(ms) | 回视路径时间(ms) | 总注视时间(ms) |
标签词 | 积极 | 240(90) | 241(89) | 278(139) | 387(291) | 399(243) |
消极 | 243(90) | 244(93) | 296(162) | 426(324) | 444(275) | |
负载词 | 积极 | 230(82) | 229(82) | 264(124) | 362(274) | 375(223) |
消极 | 237(86) | 241(89) | 294(143) | 408(315) | 409(238) |
分析指标 | 效应 | b | SE | t | 95%CI |
首次注视时间 | 截距 | 5.40 | 0.02 | 244.02*** | [5.36, 5.44] |
类型 | −0.03 | 0.01 | −2.54* | [−0.05, −0.01] | |
效价 | −0.02 | 0.01 | −1.25 | [−0.04, 0.01] | |
类型×效价 | −0.02 | 0.03 | −0.92 | [−0.08, 0.03] | |
单一注视时间 | 截距 | 5.41 | 0.02 | 226.99*** | [5.36, 5.45] |
类型 | −0.03 | 0.01 | −1.75† | [−0.05, 0.00] | |
效价 | −0.02 | 0.02 | −1.53 | [−0.05, 0.01] | |
类型×效价 | −0.04 | 0.03 | −1.42 | [−0.10, 0.02] | |
凝视时间 | 截距 | 5.52 | 0.03 | 198.51*** | [5.47, 5.59] |
类型 | −0.02 | 0.02 | −1.22 | [−0.07, 0.02] | |
效价 | −0.07 | 0.02 | −3.35** | [−0.11, −0.03] | |
类型×效价 | −0.05 | 0.04 | −1.43 | [−0.14, 0.02] | |
回视路径时间 | 截距 | 5.78 | 0.04 | 162.49*** | [5.70, 5.85] |
类型 | −0.06 | 0.03 | −2.03* | [−0.11, −0.00] | |
效价 | −0.10 | 0.03 | −3.40** | [−0.15, −0.04] | |
类型×效价 | −0.03 | 0.05 | −0.63 | [−0.14, 0.07] | |
总注视时间 | 截距 | 5.84 | 0.04 | 149.16*** | [5.76, 5.91] |
类型 | −0.07 | 0.03 | −2.27* | [−0.12, −0.01] | |
效价 | −0.09 | 0.03 | −2.90** | [−0.15, −0.03] | |
类型×效价 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.17 | [−0.11, 0.13] |
表4 线性混合模型的固定效应统计结果
分析指标 | 效应 | b | SE | t | 95%CI |
首次注视时间 | 截距 | 5.40 | 0.02 | 244.02*** | [5.36, 5.44] |
类型 | −0.03 | 0.01 | −2.54* | [−0.05, −0.01] | |
效价 | −0.02 | 0.01 | −1.25 | [−0.04, 0.01] | |
类型×效价 | −0.02 | 0.03 | −0.92 | [−0.08, 0.03] | |
单一注视时间 | 截距 | 5.41 | 0.02 | 226.99*** | [5.36, 5.45] |
类型 | −0.03 | 0.01 | −1.75† | [−0.05, 0.00] | |
效价 | −0.02 | 0.02 | −1.53 | [−0.05, 0.01] | |
类型×效价 | −0.04 | 0.03 | −1.42 | [−0.10, 0.02] | |
凝视时间 | 截距 | 5.52 | 0.03 | 198.51*** | [5.47, 5.59] |
类型 | −0.02 | 0.02 | −1.22 | [−0.07, 0.02] | |
效价 | −0.07 | 0.02 | −3.35** | [−0.11, −0.03] | |
类型×效价 | −0.05 | 0.04 | −1.43 | [−0.14, 0.02] | |
回视路径时间 | 截距 | 5.78 | 0.04 | 162.49*** | [5.70, 5.85] |
类型 | −0.06 | 0.03 | −2.03* | [−0.11, −0.00] | |
效价 | −0.10 | 0.03 | −3.40** | [−0.15, −0.04] | |
类型×效价 | −0.03 | 0.05 | −0.63 | [−0.14, 0.07] | |
总注视时间 | 截距 | 5.84 | 0.04 | 149.16*** | [5.76, 5.91] |
类型 | −0.07 | 0.03 | −2.27* | [−0.12, −0.01] | |
效价 | −0.09 | 0.03 | −2.90** | [−0.15, −0.03] | |
类型×效价 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.17 | [−0.11, 0.13] |
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