记忆汉字和英语单词的差异脑区研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过英文词和汉字的记忆实验,探讨储存和提取不同阶段汉字与英文的脑加工差异。采用经典的“学习-再认”实验范式,8名大学生进行英文与汉字记忆和再认测验,fMRI采集数据,AFNI软件进行预处理、多元回归及ANOVA组分析统计语言差异。结果显示：汉字记忆减英文记忆激活右扣带回;英文记忆减汉字记忆激活右颞上回（BA38）、左扣带回（BA31）、左小脑扁桃体。汉字再认减英文再认的差异脑区为小脑扁桃体、左颞上回。英文再认减汉字再认在0.05水平上没有脑区差异。汉字记忆激活左侧梭状回、右舌回、左顶上小叶、左额下回;英文记忆激活右舌回、左内侧前额叶、左中央前回、左额中回。汉字再认激活左枕下回、左顶下小叶、右额下回、左额中回、右豆状核、左小脑扁桃体、左颞上回、右内侧前额叶。英文再认激活右舌回、左额上回、左顶下小叶、额下回、左中央前回、右顶上小叶、豆状核、右侧尾状核、左中央后回、左侧丘脑。本研究发现：（1）记忆的差异性统计激活颞叶,表明颞叶是记忆存储脑区;（2）学习和记忆阶段有额叶、顶叶激活,表明这些脑区参与文字加工;（3）英文再认比汉字再认激活更多脑区,花费更多的脑资源。

关键词: 英文, 汉字, 记忆, 再认, fMRI。

Abstract: The research explored the brain machining differences when processing the two tasks: storage and extraction, according to the brain activation for the English words and Chinese performing memory storage and recognition. Adopted the classical experimentation model-“Learn-recognition”, 8 undergraduates receive the examination that learning and recognizing of English and Chinese, MRI data collection, AFNI software pretreatment, multi-component regression and the language discrepancy for ANOVA group Analysis & Statistic. The results showed that the brain section discrepancy that Chinese learning minus English learning are regarded as right cingulate gyrus. And the English learning minus Chinese learning are regarded as Right superior temporal gyrus(BA38), left cingulate gyrus(BA31)and left cerebellar tonsil. The brain section discrepancy that Chinese recognition minus English recognition is regarded as cerebellar tonsi, left superior temporal gyrus. There is no brain discrepancy that English learning memory minus Chinese learning recognize in the horizontal level- 0.05. Chinese learning can activate left fusiform gyrus, right lingual gyrus, left superior parietal lobule, left inferior frontal gyrus; English can activate right lingual gyrus, left medial frontal gyrus, left precentral gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus. Chinese recognition activated left inferior occipital gyrus, left inferior parietal lobule, right inferior frontal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, right lentiform nucleus, left cerebellar tonsil, left superior temporal gyrus, right medial frontal gyrus; English Recognition activated right lingual gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus, left inferior parietal lobule, inferior frontal gyrus, left precentral gyrus, right superior parietal lobule, lentiform nucleus, right caudate, left postcentral gyrus, left thalamus. The results indicated that:(1)The temporal lobe was activated in the different statistical of memory, and this suggests that the temporal lobe played an important role in memory storage.(2)The frontal, parietal lobe were both activated during memory stage, that shows these brain regions involved in words processing.(3)English recognition can activate more brain areas than Chinese recognition, and it has a more participated brain activation compared with Chinese.

Key words: English, Chinese, Memory, Recognition, fMRI.

中图分类号:

B842.3

罗琳, 翟洪昌. 记忆汉字和英语单词的差异脑区研究[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2013, 11(2): 211-216.

Luo Lin, Zhai Hongchang. A Study about the Difference of Memory Storage Task for English and Chinese[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2013, 11(2): 211-216.

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