3～6岁儿童同胞关系的异质性及其影响因素：基于潜在剖面分析

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2024.03.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 运用潜在剖面分析探索3～6岁儿童同胞关系的不同特征模式，并且进一步探讨个体心理理论与亲子关系对儿童早期同胞关系类型的影响。采用同胞行为量表、社会理解量表、亲子关系量表对1410名二孩家庭的3～6岁儿童进行调查，结果发现：(1)儿童同胞关系可以分为磨合成长型(48.94%)、相对和谐型(47.09%)和矛盾冲突型(3.97%)三种类型；(2)儿童个体心理理论以及亲子关系亲密性越高，亲子关系冲突性越低，其同胞关系类型更倾向归属于相对和谐型。

关键词: 同胞关系, 心理理论, 亲子关系, 潜在剖面分析, 3～6岁儿童

Abstract: Latent profile analysis was used to explore the potential patterns of sibling relationships of 3- to 6-year-old children, and to further explore the influence of children’s individual theory of mind and parent-child relationships on the categories of their sibling relationships. A total of 1410 3- to 6-year-old children from two-child families were recruited and their parents completed the Sibling Inventory of Behavior Scale, the Social Understanding Scale, and the Parent-Child Relationship Scale. Results reveal that: 1) children’s sibling relationships can be categorized into the growing (48.94%), relative harmonious (47.09%), and contradictory (3.97%) types, and 2) the higher children’s theory of mind as well as the parent-child intimacy, the lower parent-child conflictiveness, their sibling relationships are more inclined to be categorized into the harmonious type.

Key words: sibling relationship, theory of mind, parent-child relationship, latent profile analysis, 3~6 years old children

中图分类号:

B844

徐慧艳, 王小英. 3～6岁儿童同胞关系的异质性及其影响因素：基于潜在剖面分析[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2024, 22(3): 346-353.

XU Huiyan, WANG Xiaoying. Heterogeneity in Preschoolers’ Sibling Relationship and Its Predictors: A Latent Profile Analysis[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2024, 22(3): 346-353.

参考文献

陈斌斌, 施泽艺. (2017). 二胎家庭的父母养育. 心理科学进展, 25(7), 1172–1181.
陈斌斌, 赵语, 韩雯, 王逸辰, 吴嘉雯, 岳新宇, 吴英挺. (2017). 手足之情: 同胞关系的类型、影响因素及对儿童发展的作用机制. 心理科学进展, 25(12), 2168–2178.
何然, 陈福美, 罗芮, 赵云燕, 李昭仪, 罗玉晗. (2023). 父母婚姻冲突与青少年主观幸福感的关系: 一个链式中介模型. 心理与行为研究, 21(3), 352–358, 366.
刘田田, 李燕, 李有嘉, 姜新苗. (2021). 父母协同教养与学前儿童社会行为的关系: 亲子关系和同胞关系的链式中介作用. 心理发展与教育, 37(5), 638–647.
钱国英, 杜媛, 许晓晖. (2021). 同胞共情: 特点、影响因素及理论机制. 心理科学, 44(3), 605–611.
徐露, 田彭彭, 洪秀敏. (2022). 二孩家庭母亲处理幼儿同胞冲突策略对同胞关系的影响. 首都师范大学学报(社会科学版), (4), 163–171.
张晓, 陈会昌, 张桂芳, 周博芳, 吴巍. (2008). 亲子关系与问题行为的动态相互作用模型: 对儿童早期的追踪研究. 心理学报, 40(5), 571–582.
赵丽华, 杨运梅, 李晶. (2022). 儿童阅读与心理理论间的关系. 心理科学进展, 30(1), 65–76.
郑名, 韩增霞, 王志丹. (2016). 效率至上还是忠实优先: 学前儿童模仿学习机制探讨. 心理科学进展, 24(5), 716–724.
郑治国, 廖华, 施怡君, 张慧. (2020). 二胎环境下小学高年级“脱独”儿童父母教养方式与同胞关系: 心理理论的中介作用. 心理学探新, 40(4), 377–384.
周浩, 龙立荣. (2004). 共同方法偏差的统计检验与控制方法. 心理科学进展, 12(6), 942–950.
Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Belsky, J. (1984). The determinants of parenting: A process model. Child Development, 55(1), 83–96.
Brody, G. H., Stoneman, Z., & McCoy, J. K. (1994). Forecasting sibling relationships in early adolescence from child temperaments and family processes in middle childhood. Child Development, 65(3), 771–784.
Buist, K. L., Deković, M., & Prinzie, P. (2013). Sibling relationship quality and psychopathology of children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 33, 97–106.
Buist, K. L., Verhoeven, M., Hoksbergen, R., ter Laak, J., Watve, S., & Paranjpe, A. (2017). Associations of perceived sibling and parent-child relationship quality with internalizing and externalizing problems: Comparing Indian and Dutch early adolescents. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 37(8), 1163–1190.
Buist, K. L., & Vermande, M. (2014). Sibling relationship patterns and their associations with child competence and problem behavior. Journal of Family Psychology, 28(4), 529–537.
Cicirelli, V. G. (1995). Sibling relationships across the life span. New York: Plenum Press.
Daniel, E., Plamondon, A., & Jenkins, J. M. (2018). An examination of the sibling training hypothesis for disruptive behavior in early childhood. Child Development, 89(1), 235–247.
Derkman, M. M. S. (2011). Siblinks: The implications of siblings for adolescents’ adjustment and parent-child relationships (Unpublished doctorial dissertation). Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Derkman, M. M. S., Engels, R. C. M. E., Kuntsche, E., van der Vorst, H., & Scholte, R. H. J. (2011). Bidirectional associations between sibling relationships and parental support during adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 40(4), 490–501.
Dhamrait, G., Fletcher, T., Foo, D., Taylor, C. L., & Pereira, G. (2022). The effects of birth spacing on early childhood development in high-income nations: A systematic review. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 10, 851700.
Dirks, M. A., Persram, R., Recchia, H. E., & Howe, N. (2015). Sibling relationships as sources of risk and resilience in the development and maintenance of internalizing and externalizing problems during childhood and adolescence. Clinical Psychology Review, 42, 145–155.
Dunn, J., & Kendrick, C. (1982). Siblings: Love, envy, and understanding. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Gamble, W. C., & Yu, J. J. (2014). Young children’s sibling relationship interactional types: Associations with family characteristics, parenting, and child characteristics. Early Education and Development, 25(2), 223–239.
Gungordu, N., & Hernandez-Reif, M. (2022). Sibling relationship dynamics relate to young adults’ empathic responding. Journal of Family Studies, 28(2), 785–799.
Hou, X. H., Wang, L. J., Li, M., Qin, Q. Z., Li, Y., & Chen, B. B. (2022). The roles of sibling status and sibling relationship quality on theory of mind among Chinese preschool children. Personality and Individual Differences, 185, 111273.
Howard, M. C., & Hoffman, M. E. (2018). Variable-centered, person-centered, and person-specific approaches: Where theory meets the method. Organizational Research Methods, 21(4), 846–876.
LaBounty, J., Bosse, L., Savicki, S., King, J., & Eisenstat, S. (2017). Relationship between social cognition and temperament in preschool-aged children. Infant and Child Development, 26(2), e1981.
Leach, J., Howe, N., & DeHart, G. (2019). A longitudinal investigation of siblings’ and friends’ features of connectedness and interaction quality during play. Early Education and Development, 30(6), 709–723.
Legg, C., Sherick, I., & Wadland, W. (1974). Reaction of preschool children to the birth of a sibling. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 5(1), 3–39.
Miller, C. A. (2006). Developmental relationships between language and theory of mind. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 15(2), 142–154.
Oberski, D. (2016). Mixture models: Latent profile and latent class analysis. In J. Robertson & M. Kaptein (Eds.), Modern statistical methods for HCI (pp. 275–287). Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
Pike, A., Coldwell, J., & Dunn, J. F. (2005). Sibling relationships in early/middle childhood: Links with individual adjustment. Journal of Family Psychology, 19(4), 523–532.
Piotrowski, C. C. (2024). Exploring linkages between mother-child and sibling relationship quality and prosocial behavior between school-aged and adolescent siblings. Journal of Family Issues, 45(4), 833–851.
Rad, F., Andrei, E. L., Irimie-Ana, A., Olteanu, I., Budi?teanu, M., Mihailescu, I., … Buică, A. (2023). Sibling relationship dynamics in families with a child diagnosed with a chronic mental disorder versus a somatic condition. Children, 10(3), 587.
Samuels, H. R. (1980). The effect of an older sibling on infant locomotor exploration of a new environment. Child Development, 51(2), 607–609.
Smorti, M., & Ponti, L. (2018). How does sibling relationship affect children’s prosocial behaviors and best friend relationship quality? Journal of Family Issues, 39(8), 2413–2436.
Song, J. H., & Volling, B. L. (2018). Theory‐of‐Mind development and early sibling relationships after the birth of a sibling: Parental discipline matters. Infant and Child Development, 27(1), e2053.
Sujan, A. C., Class, Q. A., Rickert, M. E., Van Hulle, C., & D’Onofrio, B. M. (2021). Risk factors and child outcomes associated with short and long interpregnancy intervals. Early Child Development and Care, 191(14), 2281–2292.
Tahiroglu, D., Moses, L. J., Carlson, S. M., Mahy, C. E. V., Olofson, E. L., & Sabbagh, M. A. (2014). The Children’s Social Understanding Scale: Construction and validation of a parent-report measure for assessing individual differences in children’s theories of mind. Developmental Psychology, 50(11), 2485–2497.
Voorpostel, M., & Blieszner, R. (2008). Intergenerational solidarity and support between adult siblings. Journal of Marriage and Family, 70(1), 157–167.
Waid, J. (2021). Estimating the relational well-being of siblings separated by out-of-home care. Journal of Public Child Welfare, 15(3), 299–317.
Wellman, H. M. (2017). The development of theory of mind: Historical reflections. Child Development Perspectives, 11(3), 207–214.
White, N., & Hughes, C. (2017). Why siblings matter: The role of brother and sister relationships in development and well-being. London: Routledge.
Whiteman, S. D., McHale, S. M., & Soli, A. (2011). Theoretical perspectives on sibling relationships. Journal of Family Theory & Review, 3(2), 124–139.
Xu, H. Y., Wang, Z. L., Gao, X. Z., Wang, X. Y., & Wu, Q. (2023). Psychometric validation of the sibling inventory of behavior in three- to six-year-old Chinese children. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1124518.

[1]	杨华耕, 孙芳, 李欢欢. 基于潜在剖面分析的多重家庭因素与中学生网络游戏成瘾的关系：非适应性认知的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2024, 22(3): 329-337.
[2]	赵海燕, 周爱保, 迟海霞, 白红敏, 叶长春, 蒋彦妮. 感知父母婚姻冲突、亲子关系与青少年心理危机的关系：认知灵活性的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2024, 22(2): 227-233.
[3]	占萍萍, 古静静, 王金良. 父母教养方式类型与青少年网络成瘾的关系：认知情绪调节策略的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2023, 21(6): 776-783.
[4]	林丽云, 向梦涵, 吴泳桃, 刘学兰. 父母养育倦怠对亲子关系的影响：婚姻质量和共同教养的链式中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2023, 21(6): 807-814.
[5]	何然, 陈福美, 罗芮, 赵云燕, 李昭仪, 罗玉晗. 父母婚姻冲突与青少年主观幸福感的关系：一个链式中介模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2023, 21(3): 352-358.
[6]	麻超, 刘亚飞, 于海波, 武晓光. 高中生生命意义感的类别特征及与孤独感的关系：基于潜在剖面分析[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2023, 21(2): 216-223.
[7]	石鑫欣, 吴怡霏, 冯迎. 父母差别对待与青少年问题行为的关系：一个有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(5): 644-650.
[8]	张馨予, 孙琦, 周广东, 李冰. 大学生进食障碍症状的潜在剖面分析及其与抑郁的关系[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(1): 73-79.
[9]	王嘉莹, 姚梅林, 刘红瑞. 成就目标与教师效能感、焦虑、工作投入的关系：基于变量中心和个体中心的视角[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(1): 122-129.
[10]	史滋福, 唐婉秋, 谢云天. 初中生认知需求与数学学业成绩的关系：基于潜在剖面分析[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(4): 480-485.
[11]	吴旻, 孙丽萍, 梁丽婵, 边玉芳. 农村小学寄宿生心理资本的异质性及其社会适应：基于潜在剖面分析的证据[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(2): 186-192.
[12]	高玲, 花苏晴, 李沛沛, 杨继平, 王兴超. 同胞关系与青少年亲社会行为：道德推脱的中介作用和共情的调节作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(2): 216-222.
[13]	曾练平, 田丹丹, 黄亚夫, 赵守盈. 中小学教师人格类型及其对工作家庭平衡与工作绩效关系的调节作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(2): 280-286.
[14]	卢富荣, 宋煜静, 刘路培, 方选智. 父母冲突对儿童青少年抑郁情绪的影响：有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2020, 18(6): 770-776.
[15]	李昂, 张景焕. 亲子关系和移情对青少年社会创造力的预测：友谊质量的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2020, 18(4): 496-502.