自主选择对大学生情绪调节的作用：来自自主神经反应的证据

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2025.01.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探究自主选择对积极和消极情绪主观体验及自主神经反应的影响，本研究采用情境选择范式，随机招募41名天津某大学在校生，在自主和强制两种选择下先后观看积极图片和消极图片。结果发现，在积极情境中，自主选择的积极情绪体验显著高于强制选择，高频心率变异性边缘大于强制选择，低频与高频心率变异性比值显著小于强制选择；在消极情境中，自主选择的消极情绪体验边缘低于强制选择，高频心率变异性边缘大于强制选择，低频与高频心率变异性比值显著小于强制选择。研究表明，自主选择增加了被试的积极情绪体验，降低被试的消极情绪体验，同时降低了被试的生理唤醒水平，从而维持最佳情绪状态。

关键词: 自主选择, 情绪调节, 自主神经反应

Abstract:

To investigate the impact of voluntary choice on the subjective experience and autonomic nervous system responses to positive and negative emotions, this study employed a situational selection paradigm with 41 college students recruited via randomly recruiting. Participants were exposed to positive and negative images under both voluntary and forced choice. The findings revealed that in positive situations, the subjective experience of positive emotion under voluntary choice was significantly higher compared to forced choice condition, with HF-HRV being marginally greater than under forced choice, and LF/HF was significantly lower than under forced choice. In negative situations, the subjective experience of negative emotions under voluntary choice was marginally lower than under forced choice, with HF-HRV being marginally greater than under forced choice, and LF/HF was significantly lower than under forced choice. These findings indicate that voluntary choice enhances participants’ positive emotional experience, attenuates participants’ negative emotional experience, and simultaneously decreases participants’ physiological arousal levels, which, thereby, helps maintain an optimal emotional state.

Key words: voluntary choice, emotion regulation, autonomic nervous system

卢柳柳, 刘颖, 吕佳, 王芹, 白学军. 自主选择对大学生情绪调节的作用：来自自主神经反应的证据[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2025, 23(1): 8-16.

Liuliu LU, Ying LIU, Jia LYU, Qin WANG, Xuejun BAI. The Effect of Voluntary Choice on Emotion Regulation in College Students: Evidence from the Autonomous Nervous System[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2025, 23(1): 8-16.

图/表 3

图1 单个试次流程图注：左图为强制选择试次，右图为自主选择试次。

表1 两种选择下积极和消极情境的愉快度分析(M±SD)

	强制选择	自主选择	t	Cohen’s d
积极情境	6.80±1.20	6.94±1.16	2.65*	0.41
消极情境	2.75±1.75	2.88±1.71	1.75	0.27

图2 HRV配对样本Wilcoxon符号秩检验图注：上图为积极情境，下图为消极情境，误差线是指SE。

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