初中生累积生态风险与自杀意念的关系：积极心理资本和个人成长主动性的链式中介作用

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2025.05.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为考察初中生累积生态风险与自杀意念之间的关系，以及积极心理资本和个人成长主动性在累积生态风险与自杀意念关系中的链式中介作用，采用累积生态风险系列问卷、积极心理资本问卷、个人成长主动性量表和自杀意念量表对1176名初中生进行问卷调查。结果表明：(1)累积生态风险正向预测自杀意念；(2)积极心理资本在累积生态风险和自杀意念之间起中介作用；(3)积极心理资本和个人成长主动性在累积生态风险与自杀意念之间起链式中介作用。

关键词: 累积生态风险, 自杀意念, 积极心理资本, 个人成长主动性

Abstract:

To investigate the relationship between cumulative ecological risk and suicidal ideation among junior high school students, as well as the chain mediating role of positive psychological capital and personal growth initiative in this relationship, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 1176 junior high school students using the Cumulative Ecological Risk Questionnaire, Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire, Personal Growth Initiative Scale, and Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation. The results indicated that: 1) the cumulative ecological risk positively predicted suicidal ideation; 2) positive psychological capital mediated the relationship between cumulative ecological risk and suicidal ideation; 3) positive psychological capital and personal growth initiative played a chain mediating role between cumulative ecological risk and suicidal ideation.

Key words: cumulative ecological risk, suicidal ideation, positive psychological capital, personal growth initiative

郑玉玮, 王潇钰, 张雅茹, 张馨月, 卢红霞. 初中生累积生态风险与自杀意念的关系：积极心理资本和个人成长主动性的链式中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2025, 23(5): 627-634.

Yuwei ZHENG, Xiaoyu WANG, Yaru ZHANG, Xinyue ZHANG, Hongxia LU. The Link Between Cumulative Ecological Risk and Suicidal Ideation in Junior High School Students: The Chain Mediating Role of Positive Psychological Capital and Personal Growth Initiative[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2025, 23(5): 627-634.

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变量		人数	M±SD	t/F	LSD事后检验
性别	男	587	1.95±0.78	−3.27**
性别	女	589	2.10±0.78	−3.27**
年级	①初一	397	1.98±0.73	2.63
	②初二	443	2.00±0.78
	③初三	336	2.11±0.84
生源地	农村	1072	2.02±0.78	−0.21
生源地	城镇	104	2.04±0.80	−0.21
是否为独生子女	是	196	2.07±0.82	0.86
是否为独生子女	否	980	2.01±0.78	0.86
是否留守	是	105	2.39±0.92	5.10***
是否留守	否	1071	1.99±0.76	5.10***
父母婚姻状况	①丧偶	15	2.08±0.63	21.06***	③>①, ④, ⑤ ②, ④>⑤
	②离婚	90	2.43±0.90
	③关系不和谐	11	2.85±1.49
	④关系一般	132	2.38±0.72
	⑤关系和谐	928	1.92±0.74
是否为通校生	是	437	2.01±0.82	−0.32
是否为通校生	否	739	2.03±0.76	−0.32
是否为班干部	是	282	1.93±0.79	−2.20*
是否为班干部	否	894	2.05±0.78	−2.20*
合计		1176	2.02±0.78

变量		人数	M±SD	t/F	LSD事后检验
性别	男	587	1.95±0.78	−3.27**
性别	女	589	2.10±0.78	−3.27**
年级	①初一	397	1.98±0.73	2.63
	②初二	443	2.00±0.78
	③初三	336	2.11±0.84
生源地	农村	1072	2.02±0.78	−0.21
生源地	城镇	104	2.04±0.80	−0.21
是否为独生子女	是	196	2.07±0.82	0.86
是否为独生子女	否	980	2.01±0.78	0.86
是否留守	是	105	2.39±0.92	5.10***
是否留守	否	1071	1.99±0.76	5.10***
父母婚姻状况	①丧偶	15	2.08±0.63	21.06***	③>①, ④, ⑤ ②, ④>⑤
	②离婚	90	2.43±0.90
	③关系不和谐	11	2.85±1.49
	④关系一般	132	2.38±0.72
	⑤关系和谐	928	1.92±0.74
是否为通校生	是	437	2.01±0.82	−0.32
是否为通校生	否	739	2.03±0.76	−0.32
是否为班干部	是	282	1.93±0.79	−2.20*
是否为班干部	否	894	2.05±0.78	−2.20*
合计		1176	2.02±0.78

	M	SD	1	2	3	4
1.年龄(岁)	13.30	0.95
2.累积生态风险	0.67	0.65	0.06*
3.积极心理资本	4.67	1.04	−0.05	−0.24***
4.个人成长主动性	3.75	0.91	−0.07*	−0.18***	0.71***
5.自杀意念	2.02	0.78	0.09**	0.23***	−0.70***	−0.67***

	M	SD	1	2	3	4
1.年龄(岁)	13.30	0.95
2.累积生态风险	0.67	0.65	0.06*
3.积极心理资本	4.67	1.04	−0.05	−0.24***
4.个人成长主动性	3.75	0.91	−0.07*	−0.18***	0.71***
5.自杀意念	2.02	0.78	0.09**	0.23***	−0.70***	−0.67***

路径	效应值	效应占比(%)	Boot SE	Bootstrap95% 置信区间
累积生态风险→自杀意念(直接效应)	0.080	33.06	0.02	[0.03, 0.12]
累积生态风险→积极心理资本→自杀意念(间接效应1)	0.102	42.15	0.02	[0.07, 0.14]
累积生态风险→个人成长主动性→自杀意念(间接效应2)	0.003	1.24	0.01	[−0.02, 0.02]
累积生态风险→积极心理资本→个人成长主动性→自杀意念(间接效应3)	0.057	23.55	0.01	[0.04, 0.08]
总间接效应	0.162	66.94	0.03	[0.11, 0.22]
总效应	0.242	100	0.03	[0.17, 0.31]