社会排斥影响个体社交行为的双路径机制：消极完美主义与注意偏向的作用

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2026.01.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

遭到社会排斥后，个体是选择“持续交往”还是“避而不见”？现有研究尚未达成共识。为解释上述分歧的产生机制，本研究通过两个递进研究探讨消极完美主义的调节作用及其注意偏向的中介路径。研究1发现消极完美主义强化社会排斥对社会退缩行为的正向影响；研究2进一步发现在高消极完美主义群体中，对接受性情绪面孔注意偏向在社会排斥和社会退缩行为间起中介作用。该研究既厘清了特质−情境交互作用，又揭示了注意加工的动态过程，为解释分歧提供了新的整合框架。

关键词: 社会排斥, 消极完美主义, 社会退缩行为, 注意偏向, 眼动

Abstract:

Do individuals choose “sustained social engagement” or “social withdrawal” after experiencing social exclusion? Existing research has not reached a consensus. To explain the mechanisms underlying these discrepancies, this study conducted two progressive investigations exploring the moderating role of negative perfectionism and its mediating path through attentional bias. Study 1 revealed that negative perfectionism amplified the positive effect of social exclusion on social withdrawal behaviors. Study 2 further demonstrated that attentional bias towards acceptance-related emotional faces mediated the relationship between social exclusion and social withdrawal behaviors, specifically in individuals with high negative perfectionism. This research not only clarified the trait-situation interactions but also revealed the dynamic processes in attentional processing, thereby providing an integrated framework to reconcile existing theoretical disagreements.

Key words: social exclusion, negative perfectionism, social withdrawal behavior, attentional bias, eye movement

丁晓茜, 刘华语. 社会排斥影响个体社交行为的双路径机制：消极完美主义与注意偏向的作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2026, 24(1): 51-59.

Xiaoqian DING, Huayu LIU. The Dual-Path Mechanisms of Social Exclusion on Individuals’ Social Behaviors: The Roles of Negative Perfectionism and Attentional Bias[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2026, 24(1): 51-59.

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参考文献 0

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情境类型	消极完美主义程度	独自一人游戏	和同组人游戏	和新组人游戏
社会排斥	高消极完美主义	3.91±1.04	1.61±0.75	3.42±1.06
社会排斥	低消极完美主义	2.03±1.02	1.91±0.72	3.82±0.98
社会接纳	高消极完美主义	1.52±0.62	3.91±1.04	3.55±1.12
社会接纳	低消极完美主义	1.48±0.62	4.03±0.85	4.03±0.64

情境类型	消极完美主义程度	独自一人游戏	和同组人游戏	和新组人游戏
社会排斥	高消极完美主义	3.91±1.04	1.61±0.75	3.42±1.06
社会排斥	低消极完美主义	2.03±1.02	1.91±0.72	3.82±0.98
社会接纳	高消极完美主义	1.52±0.62	3.91±1.04	3.55±1.12
社会接纳	低消极完美主义	1.48±0.62	4.03±0.85	4.03±0.64

变异来源	因变量	F	df	p	$ \eta _{\mathrm{p}}^{2} $
情境类型	独自一人游戏	98.98	1	<0.001	0.44
	和同组人游戏	223.94	1	<0.001	0.64
	和新组人游戏	0.98	1	0.325	0.01
消极完美主义程度	独自一人游戏	41.75	1	<0.001	0.25
	和同组人游戏	2.06	1	0.154	0.02
	和新组人游戏	6.79	1	0.010	0.01
情境类型×消极完美主义程度	独自一人游戏	39.14	1	<0.001	0.23
	和同组人游戏	0.39	1	0.540	0.00
	和新组人游戏	0.07	1	0.788	0.00

变异来源	因变量	F	df	p	$ \eta _{\mathrm{p}}^{2} $
情境类型	独自一人游戏	98.98	1	<0.001	0.44
	和同组人游戏	223.94	1	<0.001	0.64
	和新组人游戏	0.98	1	0.325	0.01
消极完美主义程度	独自一人游戏	41.75	1	<0.001	0.25
	和同组人游戏	2.06	1	0.154	0.02
	和新组人游戏	6.79	1	0.010	0.01
情境类型×消极完美主义程度	独自一人游戏	39.14	1	<0.001	0.23
	和同组人游戏	0.39	1	0.540	0.00
	和新组人游戏	0.07	1	0.788	0.00

变量	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
1. SE
2. aBI	−0.28^*
3. rBI	0.30^**	−0.04
4. TaAB	−0.00	−0.03	0.03
5. TrAB	0.07	−0.08	0.14	0.11
6. DaAB	−0.28^*	0.14	−0.21	−0.12	−0.23^*
7. DrAB	0.26^*	−0.11	0.04	0.20	0.31^**	−0.37^**
8. TTaAB	−0.47^**	0.26^*	−0.31^**	−0.02	−0.30^**	0.80^**	−0.31^**
9. TTrAB	0.45^**	−0.20	0.21	0.17	0.31^**	−0.41^**	0.75^**	−0.45^**
10. SW	0.86^**	−0.44^**	0.28^*	−0.07	0.14	−0.34^**	0.27^*	−0.55^**	0.43^**