心理与行为研究

心理与行为研究 ›› 2006, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (3): 188-193.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

算术应用题表征策略的眼动研究

张锦坤1,2,沈德立1,臧传丽1   

  1. 1天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津 300074;
    2福建师范大学教育科学与技术学院,福州 350007
  • 收稿日期:2006-08-06 出版日期:2006-09-20 发布日期:2006-09-20
  • 作者简介:张锦坤,男,天津师范大学心理与行为研究院博士生,福建师范大学教育科学与技术学院教师。Email: jinkunzhang@126.com。沈德立,男,天津师范大学心理与行为研究院教授,博士生导师。
  • 基金资助:
    本研究得到教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地01JAZJDXLX003和02JAZJDXLX004重大项目、全国教育科学“十五”规划国家青年基金CBA01022项目、天津市科委科技发展计划项目和教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”的资助

REPRESENTATION OF ARITHMETIC WORD PROBLEMS: EVIDENCE FROM UNDERGRADUATES′ EYE FIXATIONS

Zhang Jinkun1,2,Shen Deli1,Zang Chuanli1   

  1. 1Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300074;
    2College of Education Science and Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007
  • Received:2006-08-06 Online:2006-09-20 Published:2006-09-20

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摘要： 采用EyelinkⅡ眼动记录仪,以21名大学生为被试,探讨了大学生解决三步比较应用题的表征策略。实验设计为2（正确率：高、低）×2（题型：一致、不一致）×2（无关信息：插入、未插入）的三因素混合实验。结果表明：（1）大学生被试解三步式比较应用题存在直译策略和问题模型策略;（2）解题正确率高者解难度较大的应用题时倾向于对应用题情境进行加工,即采用问题模型策略,正确率低者未表现出这一倾向,往往采用直译策略。

关键词: 三步比较应用题, 直译策略, 问题模型策略, 眼动

Abstract: In the current study EyelinkⅡ Eye tracking system was used to examine the arithmetic word problems representation strategies of 21 undergraduates. The experiment was a mixed design, 2（successful or unsuccessful）×2（consistent or inconsistent）×2（with or without outlying information）. The between factor was successful or unsuccessful subject, the within factors were consistency problem or inconsistency problem which had three steps, and whether plugged the outlying information. During the experiment, subjects were asked to recall the target word problems. The results indicated that when undergraduates represented the three-step problems, the strategies they used includs direct translation strategy and problem model strategy. When solving the more difficult word problems, successful undergraduates were inclined to process the situation of the word problem, called problem model strategy, while unsuccessful undergraduates were inclined to use direct translation strategy.

Key words: three-step word problems, direct-translation strategy, problem-model strategy, eye movement

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