母亲温暖和父亲温暖教养的一致性与农村儿童亲社会行为：心理资本的中介作用

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2024.02.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以588名4～5年级农村儿童为研究对象，采用多项式回归与响应面分析探讨母亲温暖和父亲温暖教养的一致性对农村儿童亲社会行为的影响，并考察心理资本在其中的作用。结果发现：(1)父母温暖教养一致时，父母温暖水平越高，农村儿童亲社会行为水平越高；(2)父母温暖教养不一致时，相较于父母温暖中等的儿童，高父亲温暖或高母亲温暖的儿童亲社会行为较高；(3)心理资本在父母温暖教养与农村儿童亲社会行为之间起部分中介作用。研究结果为农村儿童家庭教育及亲社会行为的干预提供新视角，对促进农村儿童积极适应具有重要的启示意义。

关键词: 母亲温暖教养, 父亲温暖教养, 亲社会行为, 心理资本, 响应面分析

Abstract:

Using polynomial regression with response surface analysis, the current study investigated the impact of consistency in maternal and paternal warmth parenting on the prosocial behavior of rural children, with a sample of 588 rural children in grades 4~5. The results showed that: 1) When parents exhibited consistent warmth parenting, higher levels of parental warmth were associated with higher levels of prosocial behavior in rural children. 2) In cases of inconsistent warmth parenting, children with either high paternal warmth or high maternal warmth exhibited higher levels of prosocial behavior compared to children with moderately warm parents. 3) Psychological capital partially mediated the association between warmth parenting and prosocial behavior in rural children. These findings provide a fresh perspective for interventions targeting family education and prosocial behavior, offering meaningful insights for promoting positive adaptation among rural children.

Key words: maternal warmth, paternal warmth, prosocial behavior, psychological capital, response surface analysis

吴旻, 谢燕, 李妍. 母亲温暖和父亲温暖教养的一致性与农村儿童亲社会行为：心理资本的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2024, 22(2): 251-257, 273.

Min WU, Yan XIE, Yan LI. The Relationship Between Congruence and Incongruence in Perceived Maternal Warmth and Paternal Warmth and Prosocial Behavior of Rural Children: The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2024, 22(2): 251-257, 273.

图/表 4

参考文献 0

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变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1.性别
2.年级	4.53	0.50	0.01
3.是否留守	1.18	0.38	0.01	0.01
4.家庭SES	−0.02	3.21	−0.00	0.02	−0.02
5.母亲温暖教养	19.64	4.80	0.02	−0.00	0.02	0.01
6.父亲温暖教养	19.19	5.14	0.10*	−0.01	0.01	0.04	0.56**
7.心理资本	85.41	17.05	0.04	0.04	0.03	0.06	0.42**	0.38**
8.亲社会行为	31.57	7.37	0.11**	0.01	0.04	0.04	0.38**	0.37**	0.67**

变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1.性别
2.年级	4.53	0.50	0.01
3.是否留守	1.18	0.38	0.01	0.01
4.家庭SES	−0.02	3.21	−0.00	0.02	−0.02
5.母亲温暖教养	19.64	4.80	0.02	−0.00	0.02	0.01
6.父亲温暖教养	19.19	5.14	0.10*	−0.01	0.01	0.04	0.56**
7.心理资本	85.41	17.05	0.04	0.04	0.03	0.06	0.42**	0.38**
8.亲社会行为	31.57	7.37	0.11**	0.01	0.04	0.04	0.38**	0.37**	0.67**

	回归系数						响应面分析系数
	b₀ (SE)	b₁ (SE)	b₂ (SE)	b₃ (SE)	b₄ (SE)	b₅ (SE)	a₁ (SE)	a₂ (SE)	a₃ (SE)	a₄ (SE)
亲社会行为	24.28*** (2.54)	1.19*** (0.25)	0.99*** (0.23)	0.53*** (0.15)	−0.28 (0.15)	0.24 (0.14)	2.18*** (0.31)	0.49* (0.18)	0.20 (0.43)	1.05** (0.29)

	回归系数						响应面分析系数
	b₀ (SE)	b₁ (SE)	b₂ (SE)	b₃ (SE)	b₄ (SE)	b₅ (SE)	a₁ (SE)	a₂ (SE)	a₃ (SE)	a₄ (SE)
亲社会行为	24.28*** (2.54)	1.19*** (0.25)	0.99*** (0.23)	0.53*** (0.15)	−0.28 (0.15)	0.24 (0.14)	2.18*** (0.31)	0.49* (0.18)	0.20 (0.43)	1.05** (0.29)

变量	方程1(心理资本)			方程2(亲社会行为)
变量	β	t	95%CI	β	t	95%CI
性别	0.59	0.47	[−1.85, 3.03]	1.07	2.45*	[0.21, 1.93]
父母温暖教养	−0.09	−11.77***	[−0.11, −0.08]	−0.01	−4.53***	[−0.02, −0.01]
心理资本				0.26	17.72***	[0.23, 0.29]
R²		0.19			0.47
F		69.90***			171.10***