Working Memory, Analogical Reasoning and Math Achievement in 7th Grader: Moderated Mediating Effect

Abstract

Abstract: The present research explored the correlational relation between working Memory and math achievement, tested the mediated effect of analogical reasoning and the moderate effect of metacognition on this mediate process. We measured working memory, analogical reasoning and metacogition using N-back test, self-compiled math analogical reasoning test and mathematical metacogition questionaire among 205 students in the 7th Grade. The students' recent math examination scores were collected as their math achievements. The results indicated that math achievement has significant positive correlaitons with working memory, analogical reasoning and metacognition. The analogical reasoning was found as the medicator underlying the process of working memory influencing math achivements. And this medicated effect was moderated by metacognition: compared to students with lower metacognition, analogical reasonging had weaker effect on math achievement for those with higher metacogition.

Key words: working memory, analogical reasoning, metacognition, math achievement

摘要： 探讨初一年级学生工作记忆和数学成绩的关系,检验类比推理的中介效应以及元认知在其中的调节作用。以205名初中一年级学生为研究对象,分别以N-back任务、自编的数学类比推理任务和《数学元认知问卷》测查工作记忆、类比推理、元认知,并收集最近两次的大型考试数学成绩。结果表明：数学成绩与工作记忆、类比推理、元认知均显著正相关;类比推理对工作记忆和数学成绩的关系具有部分中介效应,工作记忆既对数学成绩有直接影响,也通过类比推理对数学成绩产生间接影响;元认知对类比推理的中介作用具有调节效应,元认知调节了中介过程的后半路径,元认知得分增加,则类比推理对数学成绩的影响减少。结果表明,数学工作记忆通过数学类比推理影响数学成绩,其作用随着数学元认知能力的提升而减弱。

关键词: 工作记忆, 类比推理, 元认知, 数学成绩

CLC Number:

B844.2

Hao Jiajia, Chen Yinghe, Chen Yiping, Bai Xuejun. Working Memory, Analogical Reasoning and Math Achievement in 7th Grader: Moderated Mediating Effect[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2017, 15(4): 495-499.

郝嘉佳, 陈英和, 陈艺萍, 白学军. 工作记忆和类比推理与初一年级学生数学成绩的关系：有调节的中介效应^*[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2017, 15(4): 495-499.

References

1 白学军, 臧传丽, 王丽红.(2007). 推理与工作记忆. 心理科学进展, 15(1), 16-21.
2 蔡丹, 李其维, 邓赐平.(2013). 数学学业不良初中生的工作记忆特点: 领域普遍性还是特殊性?. 心理学报, 45(2), 193-205.
3 柴晓运, 龚少英.(2015). 中学生数学学习投入: 感知到的数学教师支持与数学自我概念的作用. 中国特殊教育, (6), 78-85.
4 郝嘉佳, 齐琳, 陈英和.(2011). 小学六年级数学困难儿童的元认知特点及其在应用题解决中的表现. 中国特殊教育, (2), 52-57.
5 康玥媛, 张楠, 王光明, 佘文娟, 刘艳云.(2016). 高效率数学学习高中生数学成绩的影响路径. 心理与行为研究, 14(3), 352-359.
6 连四清, 林崇德.(2007). 工作记忆在数学运算过程中的作用. 心理科学进展, 15(1), 36-41.
7 梁好翠.(2013). 初中生数学自我概念对数学成就影响机制的研究. 数学教育学报, 22(1), 51-54.
8 罗蓉, 胡竹菁.(2012). 数学问题类比迁移的影响因素研究. 心理学探新, (4), 329-333.
9 宋广文, 何文广, 孔伟.(2011). 问题表征、工作记忆对小学生数学问题解决的影响. 心理学报, 43(11), 1283-1292.
10 温忠麟, 叶宝娟.(2014). 有调节的中介模型检验方法: 竞争还是替补?. 心理学报, 46(5), 14-726.
11 谢宇, 陈发祥, 杨继宇, 金添.(2016). 工作记忆与中小学生学业成绩关系的Meta分析. 中国健康心理学杂志, (1), 134-137.
12 辛自强, 张梅.(2013). 数学学优生的认知特点及影响因素. 中国特殊教育, (3), 86-91.
13 徐芬, 李春花.(2015). 初中生认知能力对学业成就的影响. 心理科学, (1), 11-18.
14 庄鸿娟, 刘儒德, 刘颖, 王佳, 甄瑞, 徐乐.(2016). 中学生社会支持对数学学习坚持性的影响:数学自我效能感的中介作用. 心理发展与教育, 32(3), 317-323.
15 Gomes, C. M. A., Golino, H. F., & Menezes, I. G.(2014). Predicting school achievement rather than intelligence: Does metacognition matter?. Psychology, 5(5), 1095-1110.
16 Lai, Y., Zhu, X., Chen, Y., & Li, Y.(2015). Effects of mathematics anxiety and mathematical metacognition on word problem solving in children with and without mathematical learning difficulties. Plos One, 10(6), e0130570.
17 Lee, K., & Bull, R.(2016). Developmental changes in working memory, updating, and math achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 108, 869-882.
18 Leopold, C., & Leutner, D.(2015). Improving students′ science text comprehension through metacognitive self-regulation when applying learning strategies. Metacognition & Learning, 10(3), 313-346.
19 Panaoura, A., & Philippou, G.(2003). The construct validity of an inventory for the measurement of young pupils′ metacognitive abilities in mathematics. International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, 3, 437-444.
20 Panaoura, A., & Philippou, G.(2007). The developmental change of young pupils′ metacognitive ability in mathematics in relation to their cognitive abilities. Cognitive Development, 22(2), 149-164.
21 Pressley, M., Borkowski, J. G., & Schneider, W.(1989). Good information processing: What it is and what education can do to promote it. International Journal of Educational Research, 13(8), 857-867.
22 Schneider, W., & Artelt, C.(2010). Metacognition and mathematics education. ZDM, 42(2), 149-161.
23 Spiess, M. A., Meier, B., & Roebers, C. M.(2016). Development and longitudinal relationships between children′s executive functions, prospective memory, and metacognition. Cognitive Development, 38, 99-113.
24 Stel, M. V. D., Veenman, M. V. J., Deelen, K., & Haenen, J.(2010). The increasing role of metacognitive skills in math: A cross-sectional study from a developmental perspective. ZDM, 42(2), 219-229.
25 Stevenson, C. E., Bergwerff, C. E., Heiser, W. J., & Resing, W. C. M.(2014). Working memory and dynamic measures of analogical reasoning as predictors of children′s math and reading achievement. Infant & Child Development, 23(1), 51-66.
26 Veenman, M. V. J.(2006). The role of intellectual and metacognitive skills in math problem solving. Metacognition in Mathematics Education,(2), 1089-1091.

[1]	JIA Ning, RONG Lizhuo, DAI Jinghua. Effects of Social Cues on Explicit and Implicit Metacognitive Monitoring and Control [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(5): 593-599.
[2]	CHEN Xianglin, ZHANG Junheng, YAN Bihua. Decoding Effect of Objects of Typical Spatial Position Relations in Real-World Scenes [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(4): 441-449.
[3]	WANG Jiawei, XIAN Meijun, XING Qiang. The Impact of Task Number and Working Memory Capacity on Interleaving Learning [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022, 20(1): 15-21.
[4]	LIU Tuanli, HAO Xingfeng, XING Min, BAI Xuejun. The Influence of Internet Addiction on Reasoning Ability of College Students: The Mediating Role of Working Memory Capacity [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(5): 642-649.
[5]	WANG Song, LI Su. The Development of Children’s Story Retelling Skills and Their Relationship with Verbal Working Memory [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2020, 18(5): 596-602.
[6]	CHE Xiaowei, WANG Kaixuan, SHANGGUAN Mengqi, LI Shouxin. The Representation of Attention Template in Visual Working Memory: An EROS Study [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2020, 18(3): 297-303.
[7]	TANG Dandan, FU Yu, WU Yanjing, ZHU Hai. Neural Mechanisms of Group Differences in Visuospatial Working Memory [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2020, 18(2): 176-184.
[8]	WU Guolai, ZHANG Jingjing, REN Fangyuan, YANG Jingjing, JIU Yanhong. Association Between Working Memory Capacity and Mind Wandering Frequency: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2019, 17(4): 461-471.
[9]	DENG Chunting, LIU Yan. Metacognitive Domain-specificity: Evidence from Perceptual and Higher-order Metacognition [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2019, 17(4): 480-487.
[10]	ZHANG Xin, SONG Jintao, YING Ronghua, ZHOU Renlai. Is Effectiveness of Working Memory Training the Result of Placebo Effect? [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2019, 17(2): 170-177.
[11]	YANG Haibo, NIU Lili, YIN Shasha, BAI Xuejun. Attention Capture was Guided by the Contents of Non-semantic Coding Visual Working Memory: Evidence from ERPs [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2019, 17(1): 8-14.
[12]	ZONG Zheng, LI Hongxia, SI Jiwei. Mental Arithmetic Performance of Children with Different Approximate Number System Acuity: Effect of Mental Arithmetic Forms [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2018, 16(4): 505-511.
[13]	TAN Ke, MA Jie, LIAN Kunyu, GUO Zhiying, BAI Xuejun. Verbal Working Memory and Reading Ability of Chinese Children with Double-deficit Developmental Dyslexia [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2018, 16(3): 308-314,354.
[14]	LIU Hanjunlan, ZHAO Shouying, GUO haihui. The Influence of Visual Working Memory on Attentional Control in Basketball [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2018, 16(3): 315-320.
[15]	KONG Haiyan, SUN Yu, SONG Guangwen. Influence of Mind Wandering and Working Memory on Junior High School Students' Reading Comprehension [J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2018, 16(3): 362-370,377.