Value Orientation Moderates the Effect of Self-others Decision on Fairness Norm Enforcement

Abstract

Abstract: Social value orientation (SVO) refers to a preference for particular patterns of outcomes for self in relation to others in situations of interdependence, and can affect individual's perception and reaction to unfairness. Meanwhile, the self-other decision making is another important factor influencing people's norm enforcement. However, it is still unclear how SVO and social distance influence people's reaction to unfairness. The present study investigated whether social distance and social value orientation influences individual's fairness norm enforcement during a one-shot Ultimatum Game (UG). Forty adults with two different SVO types participated had to accept or reject a series of 10 ultimatum offers for themselves and strangers respectively. The results showed that 1) compared to deciding for themselves, cooperators accepted more unfair offer when deciding for strangers, yet individualists made similar decisions in both conditions. 2) cooperators' acceptance threshold was higher when deciding for themselves than for strangers, while individualists had similar fair standard in both conditions. These finding suggests that SVO moderates the effect of self-others decision on responses to low ultimatum offers.

Key words: value orientation, self-other decision, norm enforcement, ultimatum game

摘要： 社会价值取向反映了人们对自己和他人分配结果的一种稳定偏好，影响着个体对提议公平性的认知及规范执行。同时，自我-他人决策差异也是影响规范执行的重要因素，但目前尚不清楚价值取向和社会距离如何影响公平规范执行。本研究选取了20名合作者和20名个人主义者，使用单次匿名最后通牒博弈任务，考察了资产分配情景中价值取向对自我-他人决策时公平规范执行的影响。结果表明：（1）相比自我决策条件，合作者在替他人决策时更多的接受不公平提议，而公平提议的接受率不受社会距离的调节；个人主义者的提议接受率则不受社会距离和提议类型的交互影响；（2）合作者替他人决策时的接受阈限显著高于自我决策，而个人主义者在自我决策和替他人决策时的接受阈限无显著差异。这些结果表明价值取向能够调节自我-他人决策时，人们对不公平提议的规范执行。

关键词: 价值取向, 自我-他人决策, 规范执行, 最后通牒博弈

CLC Number:

B842

YANG Shaofeng, QI Chunhui, ZHANG Zhichao, ZHANG Zhen. Value Orientation Moderates the Effect of Self-others Decision on Fairness Norm Enforcement[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2018, 16(6): 834-840.

杨邵峰, 齐春辉, 张志超, 张振. 价值取向对自我他人决策时公平规范执行的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2018, 16(6): 834-840.

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