合理性对汉语阅读中双字词语义预视效益的优势作用：眼动研究

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2023.01.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

语义预视效益(SPB)对于揭示阅读中读者能否从副中央凹提取高水平信息具有重要意义。关于SPB的产生机制仍然存在争议。本研究通过同时操控预视词的合理性和语义相关性考察了二者对汉语阅读中双字词SPB的影响。结果发现，合理性主效应显著，合理预视下目标词的注视时间显著短于不合理预视；语义相关性主效应不显著，未发现二者的交互作用。研究结果支持了语境匹配假说，进一步说明了汉语阅读中预视词的合理性对SPB的优势作用。

关键词: 语义预视效益, 合理性, 汉语阅读, 眼动

Abstract:

Semantic preview benefit (SPB) is of great significance in revealing whether readers can extract high-level information from the parafovea during reading. The underlying mechanism of SPB in reading research is still controversial. This study aimed to investigate the effects of preview plausibility and semantic relatedness between the preview and target words on the SPB of Chinese two-character words. We observed a significant main effect of the preview plausibility. The fixation durations of the target word were significantly shorter in the plausible preview condition than in the implausible preview condition. The main effect of semantic relatedness was not significant, and there was no interaction effect between the two variables. These findings support the contextual fit account and further demonstrate the predominant role of preview plausibility on SPB in Chinese reading.

Key words: semantic preview benefit, plausibility, Chinese reading, eye movement

中图分类号:

B842

张俐娟, 张凤筠, 赵赛男, 王敬欣. 合理性对汉语阅读中双字词语义预视效益的优势作用：眼动研究[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2023, 21(1): 12-19.

Lijuan ZHANG, Fengjun ZHANG, Sainan ZHAO, Jingxin WANG. The Predominant Role of Preview Plausibility on Semantic Preview Benefit of Two-Character Words in Chinese Reading: An Eye Movement Study[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2023, 21(1): 12-19.

图/表 5

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预视条件	例句
相同	粗心的佩蒂在修剪\|玫瑰时不小心划破了手指。
合理相关	粗心的佩蒂在修剪\|鲜花时不小心划破了手指。
合理不相关	粗心的佩蒂在修剪\|刘海时不小心划破了手指。
不合理相关	粗心的佩蒂在修剪\|爱情时不小心划破了手指。
不合理不相关	粗心的佩蒂在修剪\|判断时不小心划破了手指。

预视条件	例句
相同	粗心的佩蒂在修剪\|玫瑰时不小心划破了手指。
合理相关	粗心的佩蒂在修剪\|鲜花时不小心划破了手指。
合理不相关	粗心的佩蒂在修剪\|刘海时不小心划破了手指。
不合理相关	粗心的佩蒂在修剪\|爱情时不小心划破了手指。
不合理不相关	粗心的佩蒂在修剪\|判断时不小心划破了手指。

预视条件	首字笔画	尾字笔画	首字字频	尾字字频	词频	预测性	语义相关性	句子合理性
相同	9.09(2.81)	8.98(3.32)	947.33(4217.20)	624.69(1078.14)	34.08(97.43)	0.02(0.04)		6.29(0.36)
合理相关	9.03(3.01)	8.83(2.91)	412.81(825.08)	460.05(801.84)	28.33(84.75)	0.01(0.02)	5.84(0.42)	6.24(0.39)
合理不相关	8.80(2.48)	8.56(3.03)	382.42(508.99)	890.13(1454.61)	28.34(54.96)	0.01(0.02)	1.79(0.49)	6.21(0.61)
不合理相关	8.65(2.42)	8.53(2.73)	563.10(970.86)	730.52(1207.48)	42.59(78.64)	0.00(0.00)	5.81(0.49)	1.95(0.41)
不合理不相关	8.69(2.37)	8.73(2.60)	861.89(1929.77)	782.04(1389.43)	37.41(57.46)	0.00(0.00)	1.74(0.44)	1.92(0.35)

预视条件	首字笔画	尾字笔画	首字字频	尾字字频	词频	预测性	语义相关性	句子合理性
相同	9.09(2.81)	8.98(3.32)	947.33(4217.20)	624.69(1078.14)	34.08(97.43)	0.02(0.04)		6.29(0.36)
合理相关	9.03(3.01)	8.83(2.91)	412.81(825.08)	460.05(801.84)	28.33(84.75)	0.01(0.02)	5.84(0.42)	6.24(0.39)
合理不相关	8.80(2.48)	8.56(3.03)	382.42(508.99)	890.13(1454.61)	28.34(54.96)	0.01(0.02)	1.79(0.49)	6.21(0.61)
不合理相关	8.65(2.42)	8.53(2.73)	563.10(970.86)	730.52(1207.48)	42.59(78.64)	0.00(0.00)	5.81(0.49)	1.95(0.41)
不合理不相关	8.69(2.37)	8.73(2.60)	861.89(1929.77)	782.04(1389.43)	37.41(57.46)	0.00(0.00)	1.74(0.44)	1.92(0.35)

眼动指标	相同	合理相关	合理不相关	不合理相关	不合理不相关
单次注视时间	245(3)	263(4)	261(5)	288(5)	292(5)
首次注视时间	245(3)	271(4)	268(4)	287(5)	294(4)
凝视时间	276(5)	346(8)	332(7)	372(8)	375(7)
跳读率	0.20(0.01)	0.20(0.01)	0.19(0.01)	0.18(0.01)	0.17(0.01)