二胎家庭中亲子关系与幼儿合作的关系：同胞关系与幼儿性别的作用

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2025.04.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨二胎家庭中亲子关系、同胞关系与幼儿合作之间的关系，以及同胞关系、幼儿性别在亲子关系与幼儿合作关系中的作用，本研究采用简版亲子关系量表、同胞关系量表及幼儿合作性发展水平教师评定问卷对269名二胎家庭的父母及幼儿教师进行考察。结果发现：(1)亲子亲密与幼儿合作之间存在显著的正向关系，亲子冲突与幼儿合作相关不显著；(2)同胞亲密与幼儿合作之间存在显著的正向关系，同胞冲突与幼儿合作的相关不显著；(3)同胞亲密在亲子亲密与幼儿合作的关系中起到中介作用；(4)幼儿性别能够调节亲子亲密与同胞亲密的关系，具体表现为对于女孩来说，亲子亲密与同胞亲密的关系更强。

关键词: 亲子关系, 同胞关系, 合作, 性别

Abstract:

The study investigated the associations among parent-child relationships, sibling relationships and cooperation of preschool children. A total of 269 children from families with two children were included in the study. The results revealed that: 1) parent-child closeness was positively associated with preschool children’s cooperation, while parent-child conflict was not significantly correlated with preschool children’s cooperation; 2) sibling closeness was positively associated with preschool children’s cooperation, while sibling conflict was not significantly correlated with preschool children’s cooperation; 3) sibling closeness mediated the association between parent-child closeness and preschool children’s cooperation; 4) preschool children’s gender moderated the relationship between parent-child closeness and sibling closeness. Specifically, for girls, parent-child closeness had a stronger association with sibling closeness.

Key words: parent-child relationships, sibling relationship, cooperation, gender

邬钟灵, 赵书敏, 闫俊男, 陈亮. 二胎家庭中亲子关系与幼儿合作的关系：同胞关系与幼儿性别的作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2025, 23(4): 479-486.

Zhongling WU, Shumin ZHAO, Junnan YAN, Liang CHEN. The Association Between Parent-Child Relationships and Preschool Children’s Cooperation in Two-Child Families: The Roles of Sibling Relationships and Child Gender[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2025, 23(4): 479-486.

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参考文献 0

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	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
1.幼儿性别
2.幼儿年龄	5.41	1.02	0.02
3. SES	0.00	0.75	−0.01	0.12*
4.出生顺序			0.11	0.07	0.10
5.性别组合			−0.01	−0.01	0.04	−0.01
6.年龄间隔			0.12	0.06	−0.12	−0.07	0.05
7.同胞亲密	3.77	0.50	0.00	0.01	0.10	0.08	−0.02	−0.14*
8.同胞冲突	2.47	0.55	−0.12	0.08	0.14*	−0.01	−0.01	−0.24***	−0.16*
9.亲子亲密	4.36	0.63	−0.01	−0.05	0.05	−0.02	−0.02	0.05	0.24***	−0.19**
10.亲子冲突	2.25	0.81	−0.02	0.04	−0.05	0.03	0.02	−0.01	−0.19**	0.21***	−0.35***
11.幼儿合作	3.84	0.59	0.09	0.02	0.08	0.15*	−0.12*	0.01	0.56***	−0.06	0.13*	−0.10

	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
1.幼儿性别
2.幼儿年龄	5.41	1.02	0.02
3. SES	0.00	0.75	−0.01	0.12*
4.出生顺序			0.11	0.07	0.10
5.性别组合			−0.01	−0.01	0.04	−0.01
6.年龄间隔			0.12	0.06	−0.12	−0.07	0.05
7.同胞亲密	3.77	0.50	0.00	0.01	0.10	0.08	−0.02	−0.14*
8.同胞冲突	2.47	0.55	−0.12	0.08	0.14*	−0.01	−0.01	−0.24***	−0.16*
9.亲子亲密	4.36	0.63	−0.01	−0.05	0.05	−0.02	−0.02	0.05	0.24***	−0.19**
10.亲子冲突	2.25	0.81	−0.02	0.04	−0.05	0.03	0.02	−0.01	−0.19**	0.21***	−0.35***
11.幼儿合作	3.84	0.59	0.09	0.02	0.08	0.15*	−0.12*	0.01	0.56***	−0.06	0.13*	−0.10

	幼儿合作			同胞亲密			幼儿合作
	β	t	95% CI	β	t	95% CI	β	t	95% CI
幼儿年龄	0.01	0.16	[−0.06, 0.07]	0.01	0.22	[−0.05, 0.06]	0.00	0.05	[−0.06, 0.06]
幼儿性别	0.09	1.19	[−0.06, 0.23]	0.01	0.23	[−0.10, 0.13]	0.08	1.27	[−0.04, 0.19]
SES	0.05	1.03	[−0.04, 0.14]	0.04	1.10	[−0.03, 0.12]	0.02	0.50	[−0.06, 0.10]
出生顺序	0.16	2.16*	[0.01, 0.30]	0.06	0.99	[−0.06, 0.18]	0.12	1.93	[0.00, 0.24]
性别组合	−0.14	−1.98*	[−0.28, 0.00]	−0.01	−0.14	[−0.13, 0.11]	−0.14	−2.28*	[−0.25, −0.02]
年龄间隔	0.03	0.32	[−0.13, 0.18]	−0.15	−2.31*	[−0.28, −0.02]	0.13	1.90	[0.00, 0.25]
亲子亲密	0.11	2.04*	[0.00, 0.22]	0.20	4.15***	[0.10, 0.29]	−0.02	−0.31	[−0.11, 0.08]
同胞亲密							0.66	10.72***	[0.54, 0.78]
R²		0.06			0.09			0.35
F		2.41*			3.69***			17.38***

	幼儿合作			同胞亲密			幼儿合作
	β	t	95% CI	β	t	95% CI	β	t	95% CI
幼儿年龄	0.01	0.16	[−0.06, 0.07]	0.01	0.22	[−0.05, 0.06]	0.00	0.05	[−0.06, 0.06]
幼儿性别	0.09	1.19	[−0.06, 0.23]	0.01	0.23	[−0.10, 0.13]	0.08	1.27	[−0.04, 0.19]
SES	0.05	1.03	[−0.04, 0.14]	0.04	1.10	[−0.03, 0.12]	0.02	0.50	[−0.06, 0.10]
出生顺序	0.16	2.16*	[0.01, 0.30]	0.06	0.99	[−0.06, 0.18]	0.12	1.93	[0.00, 0.24]
性别组合	−0.14	−1.98*	[−0.28, 0.00]	−0.01	−0.14	[−0.13, 0.11]	−0.14	−2.28*	[−0.25, −0.02]
年龄间隔	0.03	0.32	[−0.13, 0.18]	−0.15	−2.31*	[−0.28, −0.02]	0.13	1.90	[0.00, 0.25]
亲子亲密	0.11	2.04*	[0.00, 0.22]	0.20	4.15***	[0.10, 0.29]	−0.02	−0.31	[−0.11, 0.08]
同胞亲密							0.66	10.72***	[0.54, 0.78]
R²		0.06			0.09			0.35
F		2.41*			3.69***			17.38***

	同胞亲密			幼儿合作
	β	t	95% CI	β	t	95% CI
幼儿年龄	0.00	0.11	[−0.05, 0.06]	0.00	0.13	[−0.05, 0.06]
SES	0.04	1.07	[−0.04, 0.12]	0.02	0.50	[−0.06, 0.10]
出生顺序	0.06	0.99	[−0.06, 0.18]	0.12	1.93	[0.00, 0.24]
性别组合	−0.01	−0.10	[−0.12, 0.11]	−0.14	−2.28*	[−0.25, −0.02]
年龄间隔	−0.15	−2.26*	[−0.28, −0.02]	0.12	1.88	[−0.01, 0.25]
亲子亲密	0.21	4.42***	[0.11, 0.30]	−0.03	−0.57	[−0.12, 0.07]
幼儿性别	0.01	0.23	[−0.10, 0.13]	0.08	1.27	[−0.04, 0.19]
同胞亲密				0.67	10.88***	[0.55, 0.80]
亲子亲密×幼儿性别	0.23	2.50*	[0.05, 0.41]	−0.17	−1.75	[−0.36, 0.02]
同胞亲密×幼儿性别				0.03	0.22	[−0.21, 0.27]
R²		0.11			0.36
F		4.07***			14.27***