跨通道视听觉情绪信息对婴儿图式效应的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以婴儿和成人不同情绪（积极、中性、消极）的面孔和声音作为实验材料，考察情绪和通道（视觉、听觉、视听觉）对婴儿图式效应的影响。结果发现，在视觉和视听觉通道中，三种情绪均能诱发婴儿图式效应，且中性情绪诱发的婴儿图式效应量最大；在听觉通道中，只有消极情绪诱发了婴儿图式效应，积极和中性情绪未诱发婴儿图式效应。在积极和中性情绪下，视觉和视听觉通道均能诱发婴儿图式效应，且诱发的婴儿图式效应量无显著差异，而听觉通道未诱发婴儿图式效应；在消极情绪下，三种通道均能诱发婴儿图式效应，且诱发的婴儿图式效应量无显著差异。结果表明，婴儿图式效应受到情绪和通道两者交互作用的影响，且情绪对婴儿图式效应的影响具有通道特异性。

关键词: 婴儿图式效应, 跨通道视听觉, 情绪

Abstract: This study used the faces and voices of infants and adults with different emotions (positive, neutral, negative) as experimental materials to investigate the influence of emotions and modalities (visual, auditory, audiovisual) on baby schema effect. The results showed that all three emotions could induce baby schema effect and the neutral emotion induced the largest baby schema effect in the visual and audiovisual modalities. However, in the auditory modality, only the negative emotion induced baby schema effect. Additionally, in positive and neutral emotions, the baby schema effect was induced by visual and audiovisual modalities but not the auditory modality. No significant difference appeared between the two modalities. In negative emotions, the baby schema effect was induced by all three modalities. No significant difference appeared among the three modalities either. The results indicate that the influence of emotion on baby schema effect relies on modality.

Key words: baby schema effect, cross-modal audiovisual, emotion

中图分类号:

B842

杨伟平, 杨项富, 徐建萍. 跨通道视听觉情绪信息对婴儿图式效应的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(4): 447-453.

YANG Weiping, YANG Xiangfu, XU Jianping. The Influence of Cross-Modal Audiovisual Emotional Information on Baby Schema Effect[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2021, 19(4): 447-453.

参考文献

程刚, 贾云丞, 丁芳媛, 张大均, 陈加, 龙女. (2019). 表情对婴儿面孔图式效应的调节及其机制. 心理科学进展, 27(5), 761–772
贾云丞, 丁芳媛, 程刚, 张文, 林楠, 张大均. (2019). 婴儿与成人同面孔多表情图库的初步建立. 中国心理卫生杂志, 33(12), 918–924, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2019.12.007
李萍, 张明明, 李帅霞, 张火垠, 罗文波. (2019). 面孔表情和声音情绪信息整合加工的脑机制. 心理科学进展, 27(7), 1205–1214
刘涛生, 罗跃嘉, 马慧, 黄宇霞. (2006). 本土化情绪声音库的编制和评定. 心理科学, 29(2), 406–408, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-6981.2006.02.040
Aradhye, C., Vonk, J., & Arida, D. (2015). Adults’ responsiveness to children’s facial expressions. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 135, 56–71, doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2015.02.006.
Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., van Ijzendoorn, M. H., Riem, M. M. E., Tops, M., & Alink, L. R. A. (2012). Oxytocin decreases handgrip force in reaction to infant crying in females without harsh parenting experiences. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 7(8), 951–957, doi: 10.1093/scan/nsr067.
Brosch, T., Sander, D., Pourtois, G., & Scherer, K. R. (2008). Beyond fear: Rapid spatial orienting toward positive emotional stimuli. Psychological Science, 19(4), 362–370, doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02094.x.
Brosch, T., Sander, D., & Scherer, K. R. (2007). That baby caught my eye: Attention capture by infant faces. Emotion, 7(3), 685–689, doi: 10.1037/1528-3542.7.3.685.
Cheng, G., Zhang, D. J., Sun, Y. Z., Jia, Y. C., & Ta, N. (2015). Childless adults with higher secure attachment state have stronger parenting motivation. Personality and Individual Differences, 87, 39–44, doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2015.07.004.
Collignon, O., Girard, S., Gosselin, F., Roy, S., Saint-Amour, D., Lassonde, M., & Lepore, F. (2008). Audio-visual integration of emotion expression. Brain Research, 1242, 126–135, doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.04.023.
Ding, F. Y., Zhang, D. J., & Cheng, G. (2016). The effect of secure attachment state and infant facial expressions on childless adults’ parental motivation. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1237.
Giardino, J., Gonzalez, A., Steiner, M., & Fleming, A. S. (2008). Effects of motherhood on physiological and subjective responses to infant cries in teenage mothers: A comparison with non-mothers and adult mothers. Hormones and Behavior, 53(1), 149–158, doi: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2007.09.010.
Glocker, M. L., Langleben, D. D., Ruparel, K., Loughead, J. W., Gur, R. C., & Sachser, N. (2009). Baby schema in infant faces induces cuteness perception and motivation for caretaking in adults. Ethology, 115(3), 257–263, doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.2008.01603.x.
Jessen, S., & Kotz, S. A. (2011). The temporal dynamics of processing emotions from vocal, facial, and bodily expressions. NeuroImage, 58(2), 665–674, doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.06.035.
Jia, Y. C., Cheng, G., Zhang, D. J., Ta, N., Xia, M., & Ding, F. Y. (2017). Attachment avoidance is significantly related to attentional preference for infant faces: Evidence from eye movement data. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 85, doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00085.
Jia, Y. C., Ding, F. Y., Cheng, G., Chen, J., Zhang, W., Lin, N., & Zhang, D. J. (2021). Adults’ responses to infant faces: Neutral infant facial expressions elicit the strongest baby schema effect. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 74(5), 853–871, doi: 10.1177/1747021820981862.
Kreifelts, B., Ethofer, T., Grodd, W., Erb, M., & Wildgruber, D. (2007). Audiovisual integration of emotional signals in voice and face: An event-related fMRI study. NeuroImage, 37(4), 1445–1456, doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.06.020.
Kringelbach, M. L., Lehtonen, A., Squire, S., Harvey, A. G., Craske, M. G., Holliday, I. E., … Stein, A. (2008). A specific and rapid neural signature for parental instinct. PLoS One, 3(2), e1664, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0001664.
Kringelbach, M. L., Stark, E. A., Alexander, C., Bornstein, M. H., & Stein, A. (2016). On cuteness: Unlocking the parental brain and beyond. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 20(7), 545–558, doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2016.05.003.
Lei, Y., Xia, Q., Mo, Z. F., & Li, H. (2020). The attention bias effect of infant face: The mechanism of cuteness and familiarity. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 52(7), 811–822, doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2020.00811.
Li, X., Zheng, Y., Meng, X., Li, P., & Li, H. (2013). Adult’s reaction to infant cry and its brain mechanism. Advances in Psychological Science, 21(10), 1770–1779, doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2013.01770.
Lorenz, K. (1943). Die angeborenen formen möglicher erfahrung. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie, 5(2), 235–409
Mogg, K., & Bradley, B. P. (1999). Orienting of attention to threatening facial expressions presented under conditions of restricted awareness. Cognition & Emotion, 13(6), 713–740.
Parsons, C. E., Young, K. S., Joensson, M., Brattico, E., Hyam, J. A., Stein, A., … Kringelbach, M. L. (2014). Ready for action: A role for the human midbrain in responding to infant vocalizations. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 9(7), 977–984, doi: 10.1093/scan/nst076.
Parsons, C. E., Young, K. S., Parsons, E., Stein, A., & Kringelbach, M. L. (2012). Listening to infant distress vocalizations enhances effortful motor performance. Acta Paediatrica, 101(4), e189–e191, doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02554.x.
Pfeifer, J. H., Iacoboni, M., Mazziotta, J. C., & Dapretto, M. (2008). Mirroring others’ emotions relates to empathy and interpersonal competence in children. NeuroImage, 39(4), 2076–2085, doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.10.032.
Yang, W. P., Ren, Y. N., Yang, D. O., Yuan, X., & Wu, J. L. (2016). The influence of selective and divided attention on audiovisual integration in children. Perception, 45(5), 515–526, doi: 10.1177/0301006616629025.
Young, K. S., Parsons, C. E., Stein, A., & Kringelbach, M. L. (2015). Motion and emotion: Depression reduces psychomotor performance and alters affective movements in caregiving interactions. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 9, 26.

[1]	马丽云, 莫文. 自我损耗下积极情绪对亲社会行为的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(5): 684-691.
[2]	刘建榕, 谢林君, 郑琳. 社会性发展迟滞大学生的情绪韵律识别特点[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(5): 714-720.
[3]	鲍旭辉, 黄杰, 李娜, 李健军, 李亚红. 主动性人格对学习投入的影响：领悟社会支持和积极情绪的链式中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(4): 508-514.
[4]	李娇娇, 刘晓冰, 裴丹丹, 徐碧波, 尹锡杨. 情绪智力对大学生恶意创造力的影响：一个有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(4): 563-569.
[5]	李永占. 情绪智力在身体自尊与进食障碍倾向间的调节作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(4): 570-576.
[6]	刘芳, 霍瑞, 韩铖铖, 王美沂, 杨海波. 执行功能对个体情绪调节策略使用倾向和调节效果的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(3): 382-389.
[7]	郭丰波, 黄佳珊, 刘腾飞, 谷莉. 社会责任感调节群际替代性排斥中旁观者第三方惩罚[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(3): 397-403.
[8]	李鹏, 张志超, 杨洋, 杨佳奇, 李洪玉. 工作压力对中小学教师职业倦怠的影响：情绪劳动和工作满意度的链式中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(3): 412-418.
[9]	周爱保, 赵海燕, 夏瑞雪, 袁月, 贾婷婷, 谢珮. 不同语义水平下参照方式、情绪效价和特质评价对记忆的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(2): 145-152.
[10]	赵思怡, 李莹, 王悦. 情绪效价−空间动作隐喻联结对成人和儿童外语情绪词学习的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(2): 153-159.
[11]	王军利, 文彦茹, 林艺, 侯莉敏. 学前儿童情绪表达规则认知发展特征及其影响因素：一项追踪研究[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(6): 764-770.
[12]	陈兰双, 宋惠敏, 董静, 赵欢, 张镇. 老年大学学员组织融入度和抑郁症状的关系及其机制探索[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(5): 706-713.
[13]	王欣竹, 邹何辉, 郝娜, 黄瑶, 吴琴, 崔丽莹. 抑制还是补偿？尴尬情绪对初中生合作倾向和行为的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(4): 549-555.
[14]	陈佩儀, 陈瑜, 杨雪岭. 中庸思维对大学生抑郁症状的影响机制：消极认知情绪调节策略的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(4): 571-576.
[15]	杨嘉炜, 李东玲, 刘建榕. 感知社会敌意对大学生攻击性的影响：负性情绪体验的作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(3): 382-388.