反应性和主动性攻击儿童情绪面孔的注意差异

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2024.05.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于反应性攻击和主动性攻击儿童在社会信息加工过程早期模式的不同，从注意优先模型和解释优先模型的争议出发，采用情绪Stroop和表情识别两个实验范式并结合眼动技术，探讨反应性和主动性攻击儿童的注意特点。在实验1的情绪Stroop任务中，儿童受愤怒表情的影响显著高于悲伤和平静表情，但未发现反应性和主动性攻击儿童的注意差异；在实验2的表情识别任务中，反应性攻击儿童对愤怒和悲伤表情的识别反应时均显著长于主动性攻击儿童，对愤怒表情的识别反应时和总注视时间均显著长于平静表情；主动性攻击儿童对悲伤表情的识别反应时显著长于平静表情。以上结果表明，反应性攻击儿童识别愤怒表情和悲伤表情均需要更多的注意资源；相比平静表情，主动性攻击儿童对悲伤表情的识别更加困难。

关键词: 反应性攻击, 主动性攻击, 情绪面孔识别, 眼动

Abstract:

Based on the different patterns of reactively and proactively aggressive children in the early stage of social information processing, and also on the dispute between the attention priority model and interpretation priority model, this study used emotional Stroop paradigm (Experiment 1) and expression recognition paradigm (Experiment 2), and combined eye movement technique to explore the attention characteristics of reactively and proactively aggressive children in processing emotional facial expressions. In Experiment 1, the results showed that the influence of angry faces on children was significantly higher than that of sad and neutral faces, but there was no difference in attention between reactively and proactively aggressive children. In Experiment 2, the results showed that the reaction time of recognizing angry and sad faces of reactively aggressive children was significantly longer than that of proactively aggressive children, and the reaction time of recognition and total fixation time of angry faces were significantly longer than that of neutral faces. The reaction time of recognizing sad faces for proactively aggressive children was significantly longer than that of recognizing neutral faces. These findings indicate that reactively aggressive children require more attention resources for angry and sad expressions, while proactively aggressive children have particular challenge to recognize sad expressions compared to neutral faces.

Key words: reactive aggression, proactive aggression, expression recognition, eye-tracking

周广东, 刘爽, 俞美硕. 反应性和主动性攻击儿童情绪面孔的注意差异[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2024, 22(5): 642-649.

Guangdong ZHOU, Shuang LIU, Meishuo YU. Distinction Between Reactively and Proactively Aggressive Children in Attention to Emotional Faces[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2024, 22(5): 642-649.

图/表 5

参考文献 0

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	水平	反应时(毫秒)	df	F	p	η$^2_{\mathrm{p}} $
面孔表情	平静	639(117)	2	3.99	0.021	0.056
	愤怒	648(123)
	悲伤	640(117)
被试类型	正常	640(187)	3	2.57	0.061	0.103
	反应性攻击	668(202)
	主动性攻击	572(162)
	混合型攻击	651(184)
面孔表情×被试类型			6	0.37	0.896	0.016

	水平	反应时(毫秒)	df	F	p	η$^2_{\mathrm{p}} $
面孔表情	平静	639(117)	2	3.99	0.021	0.056
	愤怒	648(123)
	悲伤	640(117)
被试类型	正常	640(187)	3	2.57	0.061	0.103
	反应性攻击	668(202)
	主动性攻击	572(162)
	混合型攻击	651(184)
面孔表情×被试类型			6	0.37	0.896	0.016

	水平	反应时(毫秒)	df	F	p	η${_{\rm p}^2} $
面孔表情	平静	1282(505)	2	22.77	<0.001	0.440
	愤怒	1633(1103)
	悲伤	1825(1035)
被试类型	正常	1552(1010)	3	2.81	0.057	0.225
	反应性攻击	1878(1278)
	主动性攻击	1410(604)
	混合型攻击	1493(709)
面孔表情×被试类型			6	2.62	0.026	0.213

	水平	反应时(毫秒)	df	F	p	η${_{\rm p}^2} $
面孔表情	平静	1282(505)	2	22.77	<0.001	0.440
	愤怒	1633(1103)
	悲伤	1825(1035)
被试类型	正常	1552(1010)	3	2.81	0.057	0.225
	反应性攻击	1878(1278)
	主动性攻击	1410(604)
	混合型攻击	1493(709)
面孔表情×被试类型			6	2.62	0.026	0.213

	水平	总注视时间(毫秒)	df	F	p	η${_{\rm p}^2} $
面孔表情	平静	1355(505)	2	22.82	<0.001	0.440
	愤怒	1706(1104)
	悲伤	1897(1046)
被试类型	正常	1625(1010)	3	2.79	0.058	0.224
	反应性攻击	1950(1233)
	主动性攻击	1482(605)
	混合型攻击	1565(709)
面孔表情×被试类型			6	2.62	0.026	0.213