劳动价值观对青少年心理健康潜在类别及其转换的影响：双因素模型视角

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2025.04.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为考察青少年心理健康类型随时间变化的趋势，并探讨劳动价值观对其潜在类别转换的影响，基于心理健康双因素模型，采用劳动价值观问卷、抑郁−焦虑量表、攻击性问卷和生活满意度量表，对444名初中生进行3次间隔半年的追踪调查。结果发现：(1)青少年心理健康可分为健康组、亚健康组和困扰组三个潜在类别；(2)劳动价值观显著影响青少年心理健康潜在类别，在横断面上个体劳动价值观越积极，其归属亚健康和困扰组概率越低；(3)劳动价值观显著影响青少年心理健康潜在类别转变，在纵向时间维度上积极劳动价值观能使个体更易朝心理健康方向发展。

关键词: 青少年, 劳动价值观, 心理健康, 追踪研究

Abstract:

To investigate the trends of the class of individual mental health over time, and the effect of labor values on the latent class transition of the adolescents’ mental health, 444 junior students were investigated three times with a six-month interval, by using the Labor Values Scale, the Scale of Depression and Anxiety, Buss & Perry Aggression Questionnaire (AQ-CV), and Satisfaction with Life Scale. The results showed that: 1) The mental health of the adolescents could be divided into three latent classes: healthy group, sub-healthy group and disturbance group. 2) Labor values significantly influenced the latent categories of adolescent mental health. The higher the labor values score was, the lower the probability of sub-healthy and disturbance group. 3) Labor values significantly impacted the transition between latent categories of adolescent mental health. Under the influence of labor values, the class transition of adolescents’ mental health is more likely to develop vigorously in a healthy way.

Key words: adolescents, labor values, mental health, longitudinal study

张庆吉, 郭丰波, 涂叶满, 卿再花, 宋凤. 劳动价值观对青少年心理健康潜在类别及其转换的影响：双因素模型视角[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2025, 23(4): 569-576.

Qingji ZHANG, Fengbo GUO, Yeman TU, Zaihua QING, Feng SONG. The Impact of Labor Values on the Latent Categories and Transitions of Adolescent Mental Health: A Dual-Factor Model Perspective[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2025, 23(4): 569-576.

图/表 5

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	M	SD	labT1	labT2	labT3	depT1	depT2	depT3	anxT1	anxT2	anxT3	attT1	attT2	attT3	satT1	satT2
labT1	3.83	0.58
labT2	3.87	0.59	0.51^**
labT3	3.92	0.61	0.49^**	0.58^**
depT1	1.60	0.62	−0.31^**	−0.26^**	−0.30^**
depT2	1.60	0.62	−0.26^**	−0.31^**	−0.26^**	0.67^**
depT3	1.43	0.55	−0.22^**	−0.21^**	−0.33^**	0.57^**	0.63^**
anxT1	1.71	0.60	−0.20^**	−0.16^**	−0.24^**	0.83^**	0.56^**	0.49^**
anxT2	1.63	0.57	−0.19^**	−0.23^**	−0.22^**	0.61^**	0.81^**	0.57^**	0.65^**
anxT3	1.49	0.51	−0.15^**	−0.18^**	−0.30^**	0.53^**	0.54^**	0.82^**	0.58^**	0.62^**
attT1	1.97	0.74	−0.18^**	−0.13^**	−0.17^**	0.42^**	0.30^**	0.19^**	0.42^**	0.32^**	0.20^**
attT2	2.03	0.74	−0.19^**	−0.15^**	−0.19^**	0.33^**	0.43^**	0.26^**	0.29^**	0.40^**	0.25^**	0.56^**
attT3	1.92	0.72	−0.17^**	−0.15^**	−0.21^**	0.33^**	0.31^**	0.43^**	0.32^**	0.32^**	0.41^**	0.53^**	0.62^**
satT1	4.41	1.38	0.43^**	0.36^**	0.34^**	−0.59^**	−0.45^**	−0.39^**	−0.47^**	−0.40^**	−0.34^**	−0.26^**	−0.16^**	−0.20^**
satT2	4.46	1.35	0.27^**	0.39^**	0.31^**	−0.43^**	−0.53^**	−0.37^**	−0.36^**	−0.44^**	−0.34^**	−0.19^**	−0.25^**	−0.21^**	0.49^**
satT3	4.69	1.41	0.33^**	0.32^**	0.47^**	−0.46^**	−0.45^**	−0.59^**	−0.39^**	−0.41^**	−0.54^**	−0.18^**	−0.25^**	−0.28^**	0.50^**	0.55^**

	M	SD	labT1	labT2	labT3	depT1	depT2	depT3	anxT1	anxT2	anxT3	attT1	attT2	attT3	satT1	satT2
labT1	3.83	0.58
labT2	3.87	0.59	0.51^**
labT3	3.92	0.61	0.49^**	0.58^**
depT1	1.60	0.62	−0.31^**	−0.26^**	−0.30^**
depT2	1.60	0.62	−0.26^**	−0.31^**	−0.26^**	0.67^**
depT3	1.43	0.55	−0.22^**	−0.21^**	−0.33^**	0.57^**	0.63^**
anxT1	1.71	0.60	−0.20^**	−0.16^**	−0.24^**	0.83^**	0.56^**	0.49^**
anxT2	1.63	0.57	−0.19^**	−0.23^**	−0.22^**	0.61^**	0.81^**	0.57^**	0.65^**
anxT3	1.49	0.51	−0.15^**	−0.18^**	−0.30^**	0.53^**	0.54^**	0.82^**	0.58^**	0.62^**
attT1	1.97	0.74	−0.18^**	−0.13^**	−0.17^**	0.42^**	0.30^**	0.19^**	0.42^**	0.32^**	0.20^**
attT2	2.03	0.74	−0.19^**	−0.15^**	−0.19^**	0.33^**	0.43^**	0.26^**	0.29^**	0.40^**	0.25^**	0.56^**
attT3	1.92	0.72	−0.17^**	−0.15^**	−0.21^**	0.33^**	0.31^**	0.43^**	0.32^**	0.32^**	0.41^**	0.53^**	0.62^**
satT1	4.41	1.38	0.43^**	0.36^**	0.34^**	−0.59^**	−0.45^**	−0.39^**	−0.47^**	−0.40^**	−0.34^**	−0.26^**	−0.16^**	−0.20^**
satT2	4.46	1.35	0.27^**	0.39^**	0.31^**	−0.43^**	−0.53^**	−0.37^**	−0.36^**	−0.44^**	−0.34^**	−0.19^**	−0.25^**	−0.21^**	0.49^**
satT3	4.69	1.41	0.33^**	0.32^**	0.47^**	−0.46^**	−0.45^**	−0.59^**	−0.39^**	−0.41^**	−0.54^**	−0.18^**	−0.25^**	−0.28^**	0.50^**	0.55^**

时间点	类别数目	AIC	BIC	aBIC	Entropy	LMR(p)	BLRT(p)	类别概率(%)
T1	1	5235.39	5268.16	5242.77
	2	4664.73	4717.98	4676.72	0.94	<0.001	<0.001	85.59/14.41
	3	4403.39	4477.11	4419.99	0.88	<0.001	<0.001	29.51/7.66/62.83
	4	4328.24	4422.44	4349.45	0.85	0.507	<0.001	4.73/10.36/35.13/49.78
	5	4265.96	4380.64	4291.78	0.87	0.071	<0.001	17.79/29.96/4.96/44.14/3.15
T2	1	5084.73	5117.50	5092.11
	2	4583.70	4636.95	4595.69	0.88	0.029	<0.001	20.27/79.73
	3	4340.23	4413.96	4356.83	0.92	<0.001	<0.001	3.38/68.47/28.15
	4	4217.68	4311.88	4238.89	0.90	0.002	<0.001	31.08/2.70/11.04/55.18
	5	4179.00	4293.68	4204.83	0.86	0.413	<0.001	20.27/43.24/9.91/23.42/3.16
T3	1	5155.67	5188.44	5163.05
	2	4564.43	4617.68	4576.42	0.93	0.005	<0.001	84.23/15.77
	3	4281.20	4354.93	4297.81	0.91	0.010	<0.001	67.34/26.35/6.31
	4	4136.89	4231.10	4158.11	0.92	0.010	<0.001	9.46/62.61/24.55/3.38
	5	4097.76	4212.44	4123.59	0.88	0.480	<0.001	53.15/21.40/15.54/3.15/6.76

时间点	类别数目	AIC	BIC	aBIC	Entropy	LMR(p)	BLRT(p)	类别概率(%)
T1	1	5235.39	5268.16	5242.77
	2	4664.73	4717.98	4676.72	0.94	<0.001	<0.001	85.59/14.41
	3	4403.39	4477.11	4419.99	0.88	<0.001	<0.001	29.51/7.66/62.83
	4	4328.24	4422.44	4349.45	0.85	0.507	<0.001	4.73/10.36/35.13/49.78
	5	4265.96	4380.64	4291.78	0.87	0.071	<0.001	17.79/29.96/4.96/44.14/3.15
T2	1	5084.73	5117.50	5092.11
	2	4583.70	4636.95	4595.69	0.88	0.029	<0.001	20.27/79.73
	3	4340.23	4413.96	4356.83	0.92	<0.001	<0.001	3.38/68.47/28.15
	4	4217.68	4311.88	4238.89	0.90	0.002	<0.001	31.08/2.70/11.04/55.18
	5	4179.00	4293.68	4204.83	0.86	0.413	<0.001	20.27/43.24/9.91/23.42/3.16
T3	1	5155.67	5188.44	5163.05
	2	4564.43	4617.68	4576.42	0.93	0.005	<0.001	84.23/15.77
	3	4281.20	4354.93	4297.81	0.91	0.010	<0.001	67.34/26.35/6.31
	4	4136.89	4231.10	4158.11	0.92	0.010	<0.001	9.46/62.61/24.55/3.38
	5	4097.76	4212.44	4123.59	0.88	0.480	<0.001	53.15/21.40/15.54/3.15/6.76

	健康	亚健康	困扰
T1→T2
健康	0.91	0.09	0.00
亚健康	0.34	0.65	0.01
困扰	0.08	0.56	0.36
T2→T3
健康	0.85	0.14	0.02
亚健康	0.24	0.66	0.10
困扰	0.06	0.20	0.74
T1→T3
健康	0.84	0.15	0.01
亚健康	0.35	0.57	0.08
困扰	0.17	0.45	0.38