个人成长主动性与大学生心理健康：智慧的路径分析

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2026.01.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

个人成长主动性是提升幸福感或缓解抑郁和焦虑的重要因素，智慧作为在成年早期迅速发展的积极品质，可能发挥着潜在作用。研究对1528名成年早期个体进行问卷调查，并运用必要条件分析、网络分析与中介分析系统考察个人成长主动性促进大学生心理健康的机制。结果发现：(1)个人成长主动性是智慧、幸福感、抑郁和焦虑的必要条件；(2)个人成长主动性是大学生心理健康网络的核心；(3)个人成长主动性可通过发展智慧缓解大学生的抑郁和焦虑情绪，但不能间接提升幸福感。这些发现为促进大学生心理健康提供了积极心理学新视角与实践路径。

关键词: 个人成长主动性, 抑郁, 焦虑, 幸福感, 智慧

Abstract:

Personal growth initiative (PGI) is crucial for enhancing well-being and alleviating depression and anxiety, with wisdom potentially playing a latent role. This study surveyed 1,528 early-adult college students, by employing necessary condition analysis, network analysis, and mediation analysis to examine how PGI promotes psychological health. The results showed that: 1) PGI was a necessary condition for wisdom, well-being, depression, and anxiety; 2) planning dimension of PGI was at the core of the network; 3) PGI could mitigate depression and anxiety by fostering wisdom, but had no indirect effect on boosting well-being. These findings offer a new positive psychology perspective and practical approach to fostering college students’ psychological health.

Key words: personal growth initiative, depression, anxiety, well-being, wisdom

王伊萌, 程昊. 个人成长主动性与大学生心理健康：智慧的路径分析[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2026, 24(1): 40-50.

Yimeng WANG, Hao CHENG. Personal Growth Initiative and Mental Health Among College Students: A Wisdom-Based Path Analysis[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2026, 24(1): 40-50.

图/表 9

参考文献 0

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变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22
1.年龄	20.50	1.48
2.性别			–0.00
3.社会阶层	4.77	2.49	–0.09^***	−0.01
4.计划性	4.38	0.90	0.05	0.03	0.01
5.对改变的准备	4.41	0.88	0.05	0.02	−0.00	0.90^***
6.主动行为	4.57	0.87	0.03	0.05	0.04	0.84^***	0.81^***
7.利用资源	4.51	0.86	0.03	0.06^*	−0.00	0.78^***	0.76^***	0.79^***
8.个人成长主动性	4.46	0.82	0.04	0.04	0.01	0.96^***	0.94^***	0.93^***	0.88^***
9.焦虑	40.63	9.73	−0.04	−0.03	−0.00	−0.45^***	−0.45^***	−0.46^***	−0.41^***	−0.48^***
10.抑郁	42.73	11.16	−0.05	−0.02	−0.01	−0.56^***	−0.55^***	−0.56^***	−0.50^***	−0.59^***	0.81^***
11.生活满意度	3.66	0.88	−0.02	−0.01	0.03	0.54^***	0.51^***	0.49^***	0.46^***	0.54^***	−0.35^***	−0.47^***
12.主观幸福感	4.45	1.05	0.00	0.07^**	0.02	0.65^***	0.63^***	0.65^***	0.59^***	0.68^***	−0.54^***	−0.68^***	0.67^***
13.一般幸福感	4.05	0.88	−0.01	0.04	0.02	0.66^***	0.63^***	0.63^***	0.58^***	0.67^***	−0.50^***	−0.64^***	0.90^***	0.93^***
14.仁爱	5.09	0.72	0.06^*	0.07^**	−0.00	0.51^***	0.50^***	0.56^***	0.53^***	0.56^***	−0.44^***	−0.52^***	0.29^***	0.45^***	0.41^***
15.公正	4.61	0.70	0.01	0.03	−0.00	0.48^***	0.48^***	0.49^***	0.45^***	0.51^***	−0.40^***	−0.46^***	0.27^***	0.39^***	0.37^***	0.69^***
16.节制	4.81	0.72	0.06^*	0.08^**	0.01	0.62^***	0.60^***	0.66^***	0.58^***	0.66^***	−0.49^***	−0.58^***	0.32^***	0.51^***	0.46^***	0.74^***	0.72^***
17.责任	4.15	0.90	0.06^*	−0.02	0.01	0.63^***	0.60^***	0.59^***	0.49^***	0.63^***	−0.37^***	−0.50^***	0.49^***	0.51^***	0.55^***	0.49^***	0.50^***	0.56^***
18.诚信	4.79	0.74	−0.00	−0.00	−0.00	0.42^***	0.43^***	0.46^***	0.45^***	0.47^***	−0.30^***	−0.38^***	0.23^***	0.32^***	0.30^***	0.73^***	0.63^***	0.62^***	0.45^***
19.辩证思维	5.14	0.72	0.05	0.05	0.01	0.42^***	0.43^***	0.47^***	0.45^***	0.47^***	−0.40^***	−0.46^***	0.19^***	0.34^***	0.30^***	0.78^***	0.66^***	0.68^***	0.39^***	0.72^***
20.反省思维	4.58	0.75	0.07^**	−0.00	−0.01	0.56^***	0.57^***	0.55^***	0.51^***	0.59^***	−0.30^***	−0.39^***	0.26^***	0.34^***	0.33^***	0.61^***	0.58^***	0.62^***	0.52^***	0.62^***	0.62^***
21.创新思维	4.18	0.78	0.02	−0.09^***	−0.02	0.49^***	0.49^***	0.45^***	0.42^***	0.50^***	−0.19^***	−0.31^***	0.30^***	0.32^***	0.34^***	0.44^***	0.39^***	0.41^***	0.50^***	0.52^***	0.44^***	0.65^***
22.批判思维	3.82	0.62	0.03	−0.08^**	−0.02	0.37^***	0.37^***	0.31^***	0.28^***	0.37^***	−0.11^***	−0.19^***	0.22^***	0.21^***	0.24^***	0.31^***	0.33^***	0.29^***	0.41^***	0.39^***	0.32^***	0.51^***	0.70^***
23.智慧	4.57	0.57	0.05	0.00	−0.00	0.65^***	0.65^***	0.66^***	0.60^***	0.69^***	−0.43^***	−0.54^***	0.37^***	0.49^***	0.48^***	0.83^***	0.79^***	0.81^***	0.70^***	0.82^***	0.81^***	0.83^***	0.73^***	0.61^***

变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22
1.年龄	20.50	1.48
2.性别			–0.00
3.社会阶层	4.77	2.49	–0.09^***	−0.01
4.计划性	4.38	0.90	0.05	0.03	0.01
5.对改变的准备	4.41	0.88	0.05	0.02	−0.00	0.90^***
6.主动行为	4.57	0.87	0.03	0.05	0.04	0.84^***	0.81^***
7.利用资源	4.51	0.86	0.03	0.06^*	−0.00	0.78^***	0.76^***	0.79^***
8.个人成长主动性	4.46	0.82	0.04	0.04	0.01	0.96^***	0.94^***	0.93^***	0.88^***
9.焦虑	40.63	9.73	−0.04	−0.03	−0.00	−0.45^***	−0.45^***	−0.46^***	−0.41^***	−0.48^***
10.抑郁	42.73	11.16	−0.05	−0.02	−0.01	−0.56^***	−0.55^***	−0.56^***	−0.50^***	−0.59^***	0.81^***
11.生活满意度	3.66	0.88	−0.02	−0.01	0.03	0.54^***	0.51^***	0.49^***	0.46^***	0.54^***	−0.35^***	−0.47^***
12.主观幸福感	4.45	1.05	0.00	0.07^**	0.02	0.65^***	0.63^***	0.65^***	0.59^***	0.68^***	−0.54^***	−0.68^***	0.67^***
13.一般幸福感	4.05	0.88	−0.01	0.04	0.02	0.66^***	0.63^***	0.63^***	0.58^***	0.67^***	−0.50^***	−0.64^***	0.90^***	0.93^***
14.仁爱	5.09	0.72	0.06^*	0.07^**	−0.00	0.51^***	0.50^***	0.56^***	0.53^***	0.56^***	−0.44^***	−0.52^***	0.29^***	0.45^***	0.41^***
15.公正	4.61	0.70	0.01	0.03	−0.00	0.48^***	0.48^***	0.49^***	0.45^***	0.51^***	−0.40^***	−0.46^***	0.27^***	0.39^***	0.37^***	0.69^***
16.节制	4.81	0.72	0.06^*	0.08^**	0.01	0.62^***	0.60^***	0.66^***	0.58^***	0.66^***	−0.49^***	−0.58^***	0.32^***	0.51^***	0.46^***	0.74^***	0.72^***
17.责任	4.15	0.90	0.06^*	−0.02	0.01	0.63^***	0.60^***	0.59^***	0.49^***	0.63^***	−0.37^***	−0.50^***	0.49^***	0.51^***	0.55^***	0.49^***	0.50^***	0.56^***
18.诚信	4.79	0.74	−0.00	−0.00	−0.00	0.42^***	0.43^***	0.46^***	0.45^***	0.47^***	−0.30^***	−0.38^***	0.23^***	0.32^***	0.30^***	0.73^***	0.63^***	0.62^***	0.45^***
19.辩证思维	5.14	0.72	0.05	0.05	0.01	0.42^***	0.43^***	0.47^***	0.45^***	0.47^***	−0.40^***	−0.46^***	0.19^***	0.34^***	0.30^***	0.78^***	0.66^***	0.68^***	0.39^***	0.72^***
20.反省思维	4.58	0.75	0.07^**	−0.00	−0.01	0.56^***	0.57^***	0.55^***	0.51^***	0.59^***	−0.30^***	−0.39^***	0.26^***	0.34^***	0.33^***	0.61^***	0.58^***	0.62^***	0.52^***	0.62^***	0.62^***
21.创新思维	4.18	0.78	0.02	−0.09^***	−0.02	0.49^***	0.49^***	0.45^***	0.42^***	0.50^***	−0.19^***	−0.31^***	0.30^***	0.32^***	0.34^***	0.44^***	0.39^***	0.41^***	0.50^***	0.52^***	0.44^***	0.65^***
22.批判思维	3.82	0.62	0.03	−0.08^**	−0.02	0.37^***	0.37^***	0.31^***	0.28^***	0.37^***	−0.11^***	−0.19^***	0.22^***	0.21^***	0.24^***	0.31^***	0.33^***	0.29^***	0.41^***	0.39^***	0.32^***	0.51^***	0.70^***
23.智慧	4.57	0.57	0.05	0.00	−0.00	0.65^***	0.65^***	0.66^***	0.60^***	0.69^***	−0.43^***	−0.54^***	0.37^***	0.49^***	0.48^***	0.83^***	0.79^***	0.81^***	0.70^***	0.82^***	0.81^***	0.83^***	0.73^***	0.61^***

结果变量	前因变量	效应量		上限精确度	p
结果变量	前因变量	CE-FDH	CR-FDH	上限精确度	CE-FDH	CR-FDH
抑郁	个人成长主动性	0.105	0.176	99.60	0.002	0.008
焦虑		0.130	0.178	99.70	0.005	0.010
一般幸福感		0.300	0.266	99.40	0.000	0.000

智慧	个人成长主动性	0.186	0.194	99.30	0.000	0.000

抑郁	智慧	0.047	0.026	99.70	0.002	0.002
焦虑		0.075	0.065	99.70	0.005	0.004
一般幸福感		0.199	0.173	99.60	0.000	0.000

结果变量	前因变量	效应量		上限精确度	p
结果变量	前因变量	CE-FDH	CR-FDH	上限精确度	CE-FDH	CR-FDH
抑郁	个人成长主动性	0.105	0.176	99.60	0.002	0.008
焦虑		0.130	0.178	99.70	0.005	0.010
一般幸福感		0.300	0.266	99.40	0.000	0.000

智慧	个人成长主动性	0.186	0.194	99.30	0.000	0.000

抑郁	智慧	0.047	0.026	99.70	0.002	0.002
焦虑		0.075	0.065	99.70	0.005	0.004
一般幸福感		0.199	0.173	99.60	0.000	0.000

结果变量	路径	b	SE	z	p	95%CI	R²
一般幸福感	直接效应	0.71	0.03	20.96	<0.001	[0.639, 0.774]	0.46^***
	间接效应	0.02	0.02	0.81	0.416	[−0.025, 0.064]
	总效应	0.73	0.02	32.97	<0.001	[0.685, 0.770]

抑郁	直接效应	−4.08	0.41	−9.99	<0.001	[−4.923, −3.319]	0.25^***
	间接效应	−1.58	0.29	−5.44	<0.001	[−2.159, −1.005]
	总效应	−5.67	0.28	−19.95	<0.001	[−6.214, −5.092]

焦虑	直接效应	−5.50	0.45	−12.36	<0.001	[−6.378, −4.633]	0.38^***
	间接效应	−2.49	0.32	−7.83	<0.001	[−3.144, −1.880]
	总效应	−7.98	0.29	−27.31	<0.001	[−8.571, −7.440]