空间邻近对7～9岁儿童图文阅读的影响：来自眼动的证据

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 教育心理学中的空间邻近效应已经在成人群体中被验证，但是很少有研究探讨图文的邻近能否促进儿童图文阅读。本研究操纵图画故事书中图文空间位置（邻近、远离），使用Tobii T120眼动仪记录儿童的注意加工过程，考察空间邻近对7～9岁学龄初期儿童图文阅读的影响。结果发现，相比图文远离呈现，图文邻近呈现时儿童对文字区的注视时间更久，图文注视点转换次数更多，且细节回忆测验成绩更高；但是在主题理解测验中差异不显著，图文位置与年龄的交互作用均不显著。本研究结论为：儿童的多媒体信息加工也存在空间邻近效应，图文空间邻近能促进儿童的图文注意分配与整合，有助于儿童对故事细节的识记，但不能促进对故事的理解。

关键词: 空间邻近, 儿童, 图文阅读, 眼动

Abstract: Although the spatial contiguity principle has been tested in multimedia learning environment with adults from many countries, little is known about the effect on children’s text-picture integration (e.g., reading, animation). In this study, we manipulated the distribution of text-picture (integrated, separated) in the storybook, and used the Tobii T120 eye tracker to record children’s eye movements during reading a storybook in order to investigate the effect of spatial contiguity on 7- and 9-year-old children. The results showed that children in the integrated condition had a higher proportion of fixation duration on the text, more integrative saccades between text and picture, and got higher scores in the detailed recollection test than the separated condition. But there was no significant difference on the topic comprehension test or interaction between the distribution of text-picture and age. The findings of this study are consistent with the spatial contiguity principle which was mostly confirmed in adults.

Key words: spatial contiguity, children, text-picture reading, eye movement

中图分类号:

B844

王福兴, 杨晓梦, 范颖平, 胡祥恩. 空间邻近对7～9岁儿童图文阅读的影响：来自眼动的证据[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2020, 18(4): 503-509.

WANG Fuxing, YANG Xiaomeng, FAN Yingping, HU Xiangen. How Spatial Contiguity Influence 7- and 9-Year-Old Children’s Text-Picture Reading: Evidence from Eye-Movement[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2020, 18(4): 503-509.

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