家庭亲密度与大学生抑郁：社交焦虑和感恩的作用

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2023.04.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨家庭亲密度对大学生抑郁的影响及社交焦虑和感恩在其中的作用，本研究构建了一个有调节的中介模型。采用问卷法对1027名中国大学生进行调查，结果发现：(1)社交焦虑在家庭亲密度与大学生抑郁之间起部分中介作用。(2)感恩调节了家庭亲密度对大学生抑郁的直接作用以及社交焦虑的中介作用。与感恩水平较低的大学生相比，家庭亲密度对抑郁和社交焦虑的负向预测作用在感恩水平较高的大学生中更强；同时，与感恩水平较低的大学生相比，社交焦虑对抑郁的正向预测作用在感恩水平较高的大学生中更弱。本研究揭示了家庭亲密度对大学生抑郁的影响，对预防大学生抑郁具有启示意义。

关键词: 家庭亲密度, 抑郁, 社交焦虑, 感恩, 大学生

Abstract:

This study aimed to explore the relationship between family closeness and depression, and to examine the mediating effect of social anxiety and the moderating effect of gratitude. A total of 1027 university students participated in the questionnaire survey. The results showed that: 1) social anxiety partially mediated the association between family cohesion and depression among college students; 2) the direct effect of family cohesion on depression and the path from family cohesion to social anxiety, and the path from social anxiety to depression were all moderated by gratitude. Specifically, the effect of family cohesion on social anxiety and depression was enhanced with the increase of gratitude. The association between social anxiety and depression was weaker for university students with higher gratitude. This study reveals the effect of family closeness on college students’ depression, which has implications for the prevention of college students’ depression.

Key words: family cohesion, depression, social anxiety, gratitude, college students

中图分类号:

B849

刘海东, 虞芷筠, 叶宝娟, 杨强. 家庭亲密度与大学生抑郁：社交焦虑和感恩的作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2023, 21(4): 556-563.

Haidong LIU, Zhijun YU, Baojuan YE, Qiang YANG. Family Cohesion and Depression: The Role of Social Anxiety and Gratitude[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2023, 21(4): 556-563.

图/表 8

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变量	M	SD	1	2	3
1.家庭亲密度	4.15	0.68
2.感恩	5.04	0.96	0.47***
3.社交焦虑	1.52	0.70	−0.36***	−0.27***
4.抑郁	0.96	0.60	−0.46***	−0.44***	0.58***

变量	M	SD	1	2	3
1.家庭亲密度	4.15	0.68
2.感恩	5.04	0.96	0.47***
3.社交焦虑	1.52	0.70	−0.36***	−0.27***
4.抑郁	0.96	0.60	−0.46***	−0.44***	0.58***

变量	方程1(抑郁)			方程2(社交焦虑)			方程3(抑郁)
变量	β	t	95% CI	β	t	95% CI	β	t	95% CI
家庭亲密度	−0.46	−16.37***	[−0.51, −0.40]	−0.36	−12.48***	[−0.42, −0.31]	−0.28	−10.88***	[−0.33, −0.23]
社交焦虑							0.48	18.51***	[0.43, 0.53]
R²		0.21			0.13			0.41
F		267.81***			155.86***			349.87***

变量	方程1(抑郁)			方程2(社交焦虑)			方程3(抑郁)
变量	β	t	95% CI	β	t	95% CI	β	t	95% CI
家庭亲密度	−0.46	−16.37***	[−0.51, −0.40]	−0.36	−12.48***	[−0.42, −0.31]	−0.28	−10.88***	[−0.33, −0.23]
社交焦虑							0.48	18.51***	[0.43, 0.53]
R²		0.21			0.13			0.41
F		267.81***			155.86***			349.87***

	效应值	SE	相对效应值(%)
总效应	−0.45	0.03	100
直接效应	−0.28	0.03	62.22
间接效应	−0.17	0.02	37.78