有氧运动、情绪与创造力：流体智力的调节作用

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2024.01.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以226名大学生的日平均有氧运动时长为有氧运动指标，采用多种测量工具考察了有氧运动与创造力之间的关系以及情绪和流体智力在其中所起的作用。结果发现：(1)有氧运动可以正向预测创造力(发散思维独特性、聚合思维)；(2)消极情绪在有氧运动和创造力(发散思维独特性、聚合思维)之间起中介作用；(3)流体智力调节了消极情绪中介效应的后半段路径。结果表明，有氧运动通过缓解消极情绪，能够促进部分个体的创造力(发散思维独特性、聚合思维)；高流体智力个体的发散思维独特性和低流体智力个体的聚合思维都表现出了不受消极情绪影响的效应。

关键词: 有氧运动, 创造力, 积极情绪, 消极情绪, 流体智力

Abstract:

To delve into the relationship between aerobic exercise and creativity, the daily average aerobic exercise duration of 226 college students and their creativity performance were collected. Additionally, the roles of emotions and fluid intelligence in this relationship were explored. The results showed that: 1) Aerobic exercise could positively predict divergent thinking (uniqueness) and convergent thinking. 2) Negative emotions mediated the relationship between aerobic exercise and divergent thinking (uniqueness) or convergent thinking. 3) Fluid intelligence moderated the latter part of the pathway of the negative emotion mediation effect. The findings provide evidence that aerobic exercise can promote divergent thinking(uniqueness) and convergent thinking of some individuals by alleviating negative emotions. Neither the divergent thinking(uniqueness) of higher fluid intelligence individuals nor the convergent thinking of lower fluid intelligence individuals are affected by negative emotions.

Key words: aerobic exercise, creativity, positive affect, negative affect, fluid intelligence

中图分类号:

B849

韩迎春, 王琳萱. 有氧运动、情绪与创造力：流体智力的调节作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2024, 22(1): 100-107.

Yingchun HAN, Linxuan WANG. Aerobic Exercise, Emotion, and Creativity: The Moderating Role of Fluid Intelligence[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2024, 22(1): 100-107.

图/表 7

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变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1.有氧运动(平均小时数/天)	0.74	0.51
2.积极情绪	28.52	6.46	−0.06
3.消极情绪	23.96	6.39	−0.35**	0.09
4.流体智力	20.13	4.60	−0.01	−0.16*	0.06
5.发散思维流畅性	6.00	2.01	0.08	−0.08	−0.29**	0.24**
6.发散思维灵活性	4.56	1.51	0.13	−0.07	−0.23**	0.16*	0.87**
7.发散思维独特性	2.53	0.39	0.14*	−0.05	−0.28**	0.20**	0.65**	0.74**
8.聚合思维	12.72	2.73	0.30**	0.25**	−0.21**	0.11	0.27**	0.30**	0.17*

变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1.有氧运动(平均小时数/天)	0.74	0.51
2.积极情绪	28.52	6.46	−0.06
3.消极情绪	23.96	6.39	−0.35**	0.09
4.流体智力	20.13	4.60	−0.01	−0.16*	0.06
5.发散思维流畅性	6.00	2.01	0.08	−0.08	−0.29**	0.24**
6.发散思维灵活性	4.56	1.51	0.13	−0.07	−0.23**	0.16*	0.87**
7.发散思维独特性	2.53	0.39	0.14*	−0.05	−0.28**	0.20**	0.65**	0.74**
8.聚合思维	12.72	2.73	0.30**	0.25**	−0.21**	0.11	0.27**	0.30**	0.17*

预测变量	模型1(结果变量：消极情绪)			模型2(结果变量：发散思维独特性)			模型3(结果变量：聚合思维)
预测变量	β	SE	t	β	SE	t	β	SE	t
有氧运动	−4.71	0.75	−6.24***	0.32	0.19	1.69	−0.91	1.41	−0.64
消极情绪				−0.08	0.01	−6.24***	0.27	0.10	2.66**
流体智力				−0.05	0.02	−2.78**	0.37	0.15	2.52*
有氧运动×流体智力				−0.02	0.01	−1.67	0.11	0.07	1.59
消极情绪×流体智力				0.003	0.00	5.34***	−0.02	0.01	−3.49**
年龄	1.29	0.34	3.82***	−0.08	0.02	−4.13***	−0.19	0.15	−1.23
性别	−1.98	0.84	−2.36*	−0.17	0.05	−3.60***	−1.50	0.36	−4.14***
R			0.46			0.58			0.50
R²			0.21			0.34			0.25
F			19.46***			15.89***			10.15***

预测变量	模型1(结果变量：消极情绪)			模型2(结果变量：发散思维独特性)			模型3(结果变量：聚合思维)
预测变量	β	SE	t	β	SE	t	β	SE	t
有氧运动	−4.71	0.75	−6.24***	0.32	0.19	1.69	−0.91	1.41	−0.64
消极情绪				−0.08	0.01	−6.24***	0.27	0.10	2.66**
流体智力				−0.05	0.02	−2.78**	0.37	0.15	2.52*
有氧运动×流体智力				−0.02	0.01	−1.67	0.11	0.07	1.59
消极情绪×流体智力				0.003	0.00	5.34***	−0.02	0.01	−3.49**
年龄	1.29	0.34	3.82***	−0.08	0.02	−4.13***	−0.19	0.15	−1.23
性别	−1.98	0.84	−2.36*	−0.17	0.05	−3.60***	−1.50	0.36	−4.14***
R			0.46			0.58			0.50
R²			0.21			0.34			0.25
F			19.46***			15.89***			10.15***

结果变量	流体智力	Simple slope	Boot SE	t	Boot LLCI	Boot ULCI
发散思维独特性	15.00	−0.03	0.01	−6.48***	−0.04	−0.02
	21.00	−0.01	0.00	−3.15**	−0.02	−0.004
	24.00	−0.00	0.01	−0.42	−0.01	0.01
聚合思维	15.00	0.02	0.04	0.45	−0.06	0.09
	21.00	−0.08	0.03	−2.89**	−0.14	−0.03
	24.00	−0.13	0.03	−3.92***	−0.20	−0.07