The Development of General Thinking Test for Children

Abstract

Abstract: The present study aimed at developing a general thinking test for children and adolescents. We constructed a model composed of concrete image thinking, image logical thinking, formal logic thinking and dialectical logic thinking. Based on theoretical reasoning and the reference to classical tests, we developed an item bank. Through pilot tests on 1900 students from 8 to 15 years old, we examined and revised the items according to psychometrical analysis, and finally developed the general thinking test. The results showed that the items had suitable difficulty level and could appropriately discriminate between students; internal consistency reliability, retest reliability, structural validity and criterion validity of the test were also satisfactory. These results indicates that the test can be an effective and reliable instrument for measuring children's general thinking abilities. A preliminary investigation suggest that the children's general thinking abilities are gradually improved with age while the development of the each sub-dimensions follow varied patterns.

Key words: general thinking, children and adolescent, reliability, validity, developmental patterns

摘要： 编制《儿童青少年一般思维能力测验》并初步考察了8～15岁儿童青少年一般思维能力的发展特点。首先，确定一般思维能力的结构包括具体形象思维、形象逻辑思维、形式逻辑思维和辩证逻辑思维。其次，以心理旋转、图形折叠与展开、形象归纳推理、形象演绎推理、抽象归纳推理、抽象演绎推理、辩证思维为测验任务，并借鉴经典测验形成题库。选取小学二年级、五年级、初中二年级和高中二年级共计1900余名学生为被试。经预试和测验修订，最终形成《儿童青少年一般思维能力测验》。结果表明：《儿童青少年一般思维能力测验》的难度适中，项目区分度较好，内部一致性信度、重测信度、结构效度和效标效度均符合心理测量学要求。初步调查显示，儿童青少年的一般思维能力总体上随年龄增长而逐渐提高，不同维度的思维能力发展模式不同，并存在各自的发展敏感期。

关键词: 一般思维能力, 儿童青少年, 信度, 效度, 发展模式

CLC Number:

B844.1

HAO Jiajia, CHEN Yinghe, LIU Tuo, BAI Xuejun. The Development of General Thinking Test for Children[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2019, 17(5): 620-626.

郝嘉佳, 陈英和, 刘拓, 白学军. 儿童青少年一般思维能力测验的编制和初步应用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2019, 17(5): 620-626.

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