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20 June 2004, Volume 2 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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SOCIAL COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE-INTERDISCIPLINARY FIELD IN FUTURE Zhu Ying,Sui Jie 2004, 2(2):  401-404.  Abstract ( )   PDF (743KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The social cognitive neuroscience is introduced as an emergence of interdisciplinary field. The author shows that how the social cognitive neuroscience seeks to understand phenomena in terms of interactions between 3 levels: the social level, the cognitive level and the neural level. Finally the author argues that the differences in attention, perception, cognition and personality between East Asians and Westerners are ripe topics for social cognitive neuroscientific exploration.

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THE EVOLUTION OF FEMINIST PSYCHOLOGY AND THE EMERGENCE OF POSTMODERN FEMINIST PSYCHOLOGY Ye Haosheng 2004, 2(2):  405-410.  Abstract ( )   PDF (766KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Feminist psychology has passed three stages, they are feminist empiricism, feminist standpoint theory and postmodern feminist psychology. Both feminist empiricism and standpoint theory posit the existence of a reality independent of the human knower that is waiting to be revealed through research. Both of them, therefore, are essentialist. In contrast, postmodern feminist psychology regards the reality of gender as a social construction.

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STUDY OF FACTORS UNDERLYING RESPONSE DIFFICULTY OF RAVEN'S STANDARD PROGRESSIVE MATRICES WITH MODREN PSYCHOMETRIC MODEL Dai Haiqi,Liu Shengtao 2004, 2(2):  411-414.  Abstract ( )   PDF (745KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The core of test theory for a new generation of test is the combination of psychometrics and cognitive psychology, which is the key idea of this article. Four factors are supposed underlying response difficulty of Raven's Progressive Matrices: figure complexity, figures format, transformation dimension, and location factor. The hypothesis is tested by linear logistic latent trait model and proved to be valid. The author also present how to use the four factors model in practice.

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AN OBSERVATIVE STUDY OF THE GENDER DIFFERENCES IN THE PRESCHOOL CHILDREN' FREE PLAY Zheng Jinxiang,Yin Guo'en 2004, 2(2):  415-418.  Abstract ( )   PDF (740KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Videotapes ware used to observe the gender differences in preschool children' free-play in classroom settings. The subjects were 35 six-year-old preschool children. The results indicated that the most frequent play of social participation was parallel play, the second was group and the third was solitary. There was no significant gender differences in social participation. As regards the cognitive play, the most frequent play was contructive play, the second was symbolic play, the third was functional play and the last was games-with-rules. Significant gender differences were found in cignitive play. All the children were more likely to play with same sex peers than with opposite sex peers.

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RESEARCH ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SELF-CONCEPT, LEARNING ATTRIBUTION AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF MIDDLE-SCHOOL STUDENTS Huang Danmei,Zhang Minqiang 2004, 2(2):  419-424.  Abstract ( )   PDF (790KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The current work investigated the relationships between self-concept, learning attribution and academic achievement of middle school students by survey method and constructed the path-analysis models of junior high school students and senior high school students respectively. The differences of the two models are as follows: (1)junior high school students' self-concept is more affected by academic achievement than senior high school students'.(2)senior high school students' academic self-concept and unacademic self-concept are affected directly by interior control and influential-other control respectively. The result also showed that: (1)junior high school students' academic self-concept is significantly higher than senior high school students'.(2)academic self-concept and general self-concept are in accordance with academic achievement.(3)interior control correlates with influential-other control significantly.

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ACTIVATION AND SUPPRESSION OF ANTECEDENT WITH ELABORATION DURING DISCOURSE COMPREHENSION Wang Suiping,Yang Jinmian 2004, 2(2):  425-429.  Abstract ( )   PDF (772KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Previous studies found that the degree of elaboration was a more important factor that affected the processing of antecedent reference as compare with the relationship of antecedent with current information. Elaborated inappropriate antecedents could be accessed more quickly than non-elaborated appropriate ones. Using an on-line window display technique, the present study further investigated whether such activation mode would change in long ISI. The reading materials were a set of misinformation passages that included two kinds of antecedents, which were informed appropriately or inappropriately, with inappropriate antecedents receiving additional elaboration. Participants read passages word by word at their own pace and named the probes that were either appropriate or inappropriate anaphoric referents. The delay between anaphor offset and probe onset was varied. The result demonstrated that at a long delay(1500ms), the pattern of the naming RT was reversed, which elaborated inappropriate antecedents accessed more slowly than non-elaborated appropriate ones. Such changing was occurred because of the increasing activation of the appropriate information.

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THE INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF SELF-ESTEEM AND BACKGROUND ON 242 CASES OF WOMAN DRUG USERS Yang Ling,Liu Ji,Kang Tinghu 2004, 2(2):  430-433.  Abstract ( )   PDF (739KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics 242 woman drug users in Gansu province are used as subjects. The Self-esteem Scale and a questionnaire are used in the survey. The findings show that:(1)The factors of age, marital state, degree of literacy and level of income have no distinct correlation with self-esteem marking of woman drug users;(2)The regressive analysis shows that emotional factor has obvious influence on self-esteem marking of woman drug users. However, the factor of cognition and behavior have no notable effect on self-esteem;(3)Woman's low degree of education, unsteady income, disappointed in marrige and divorce are relative factors for the drug using.

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A STUDY ON SELF-EFFICACY AND PUTONGHUA TESTING Su Dan,Fang Ping,Zhao Hongtao 2004, 2(2):  434-437.  Abstract ( )   PDF (727KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Self-efficacy's effect on Putonghua testing is investigated to provide a psychological basis for the test. The results indicate that self-efficacy is positively correlated with the grade of the test. The gender of testing-taker is unrelated with self-efficacy. There is self-efficacy difference between men and women, with women being higher than men.

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CULTURAL IMPACT AND ITS EFFECTS ON INDIVIDUAL MENTAL HEALTH Zhang Xiangkui,Wu Xiaoyi 2004, 2(2):  438-442.  Abstract ( )   PDF (738KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The rapid social cultural transformation in our country brought about strong influence on the mind of people and formed cultural impact, which affected the mental health of them in different ranges. The result indicated that the difference of individual experiences and personal coping styles decided the difference of their enduring abilities for the cultural impact. So we should further investigate the formation of cultural impact and the effects on different individual's mental health, fully tap the valuable legacy of different cultural that is good for the individual's mental health, and establish the individual mental health maintaining, curing mechanism and the social security warning mechanism.

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REVIEW ON DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN'S ABILITY ON DECISION MAKING OF ALLOCATION OF LEARNING TIME Liu Xiping,Fang Ge 2004, 2(2):  443-446.  Abstract ( )   PDF (744KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The studies on allocation of learning time have been lasted for about 40 years. The same is on development of children's allocation of learning time. We are knowing more and more about it by investigating both experimenter-paced study and self-paced one, by focusing on the difficulty of materials only and then the mechanism, and by discussing itself and then those factors that may effect the development of allocation of learning time. However, there is no review on it in China. The current work has a summary from all aspects above. And the prospective view has been evaluated.

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REVIEWS OF INTERPERSONAL ATTRIBUTION AND RESPONSIBILITY JUDGMENT Zhang Aiqing 2004, 2(2):  447-450.  Abstract ( )   PDF (758KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Attributional analysis of responsibility gave a new angle of view to the judgment of behavior responsibility by applying attributional theory to the analysis of responsibility of failed behavior. In this current work, the author summarized the recent progress of interpersonal attribution theory and the findings related with judgment of responsibility. Latest research focused on the general model: attribution dimensions→affect response→judgment of responsibility. These studies contributed to understand human behavior, and the findings had the potential to extend to a wide social science field, which provided a window for the understanding of evaluation, reactions to the stigmatized behavior, aggression, AIDS and substance abuse.

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REVIEW ON THE PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES OF SOLUTION-FOCUSED BRIEF COUNSELING Liu Xuanwen,He Weiqiang 2004, 2(2):  451-455.  Abstract ( )   PDF (771KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Solution-focused brief counseling has been developed in recent years and spreaded rapidly all over the world. It is a counseling model oriented to obtain positive targets. In current work, the background of the origin of solution-focused brief counseling is introduced,and the basic principles and the techniques of this model are briefly reviewed.

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REVIEW OF RESEARCH ON CATEGORIZATION IN MENTAL LEXICON Xiang Huadong,Lv Yong,Yang Yiming,Weng Xuchu 2004, 2(2):  456-460.  Abstract ( )   PDF (769KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Categorization in mental lexicon is an intriguing phenomenon. The current work reviews major theoretical models and cognitive neuroscience studies for this phenomenon. Controversy and discrepancy in this field, and advantages and limitations of the theoretical models are discussed. The author also briefly describes the evidence for neuroanatomy (brain regions and their functions) and neurophysiology (components of event-related potentials and time course of their activation) of categorization.

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REVIEW ON THE IMPACT OF ATTRIBUTIONAL STYLES ON MENTAL HEALTH AND ITS INTERVENTION RESEARCH Hu Shengli 2004, 2(2):  461-464.  Abstract ( )   PDF (755KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The current work is a review on the characteristic, rules and psychological mechanism of the impact of attributional styles on mental health, and the attribution intervention for improving and enhancing mental health level of the individual and the group. On the basis, the problems in current studies was discussed. The author thinks that the attribution intervention is possibly an important way to improve and enhance the mental health level of the individual and the group. The further research should focus on revealing the characteristic, rules and psychological mechanism of the impact of individual's special attribution and dimensional attribution on his mental health for different life events, and make further discussion on the theory and practice of the attribution intervention.

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REVIEW OF THE RESEARCH ON SELF-CONSTRUALS Pan Zhiran,Cui Hong 2004, 2(2):  465-468.  Abstract ( )   PDF (740KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Markus is one of the significant contributors in the field of self. She argued that different cultural types result in different self-construals: independent and interdependent self. The individual difference in emotion,cognition and motivation could be explained and predicted according to the self-construal system. The developments of Markus et al's theory not only attract great attentions but also bring about many questions. This article reviews the relevant research and commentaries systematically.

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A REVIEW OF THE RELATION BETWEEN PERSONALITY AND SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING Tian Lin 2004, 2(2):  469-473.  Abstract ( )   PDF (784KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Subjective well-being (SWB), people's emotional and cognitive evaluations of their life, includes happiness, peace, fulfillment and life satisfaction. Personality disposition, especially extravertion and neuroticism, has been proposed as the primary determinant of individual SWB. Although personality can explain a significant amount of the variability of SWB, the causal relationship between personality and SWB has not been clearly demonstrated.

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THE MULTIPLE GOAL THEORY OF ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION Liu Haihua,Zhuang Mingke 2004, 2(2):  474-478.  Abstract ( )   PDF (773KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Based on the trichotomy of achievement goal, Harackiewicz et al. posited the multiple goal theory, which claimed that students would benefit most from adopting multiple achievement goals in the process of study. This theory is quite different from the mastery goal theory, which believes that only mastery goal can facilitate the achievement outcomes. According to the different patterns of effects exerted upon achievement outcomes by multiple goals, four models were proposed: additive goal pattern, interactive goal pattern, specialized goal pattern and selective goal pattern. Recent studies supported the selective goal pattern and offered theoretical basis for improving individual's achievement.