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    20 December 2016, Volume 14 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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    Adults Mental Health Diathesis in China: A Study of Emotionality
    Hong Wei, Zhang Yan, Zhou Lili
    2016, 14(6):  721-728. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (777KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    In the current study, we investigated 6433 adults from 28 provinces all over China, applying the newly-established ″Chinese Adults Emotionality Scale″. The results showed that: 1)Male participants get higher scores in calmness dimension, but lower scores in expression dimension than female participants. 2)The youth get higher scores in expression dimension than the middle-aged and the elderly. 3)Participants at the junior school education level get lower scores in calmness and expression dimensions than those at the advanced education level. 4)Participants in rural areas are more calm and willing to express their emotion than those in the urban areas. 5)Age and education background have interacted effects on pleasure, calmness and emotionality dimensions, and the elderly with college education get the highest scores. 6)Age and gender have interacted effects on expression dimension, and the middle-aged females get the highest scores.
    Psychological Health Diathesis Assessment System: The National Survey of Interpersonal Health Diathesis for Chinese Adults
    Liu Xu, Bai Xuejun, Li Xin, Hao Jiajia
    2016, 14(6):  729-734. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (613KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    A part of Chinese Adults Mental Health Diathesis Scale, Interpersonal Health Diathesis Scale, was used in 6386 Chinese adults from the sixth nationwide census of 28 provinces. The results showed that: 1)The development of Interpersonal health Diathesis for Chinese adult was in good condition; 2)there are significant differences on gender, age, residence and the level of education; 3)the development trend of various dimensions and the overall trend is similar, while showing a different variation.
    Psychology Health Diathesis Assessment System:Establishing National Norms of Coping Style Scale for Chinese Adults
    Wu Yuchen, Cai Ying, Liang Baoyong
    2016, 14(6):  735-740. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (640KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    ‘Coping Style Scale for Chinese Adults’, as one of the subscale of‘Chinese Adults Mental Health Diathesis Scales’, has been applied to investigate the coping styles of 6425 Chinese adults from 28 provinces. The results show that: 1)Regarding the task focused coping strategy, males' scores are higher than females'; whereas, regarding the emotion focused coping strategy, females' scores are higher than males'; 2)the young participant's scores are higher than the middle-aged and old participants on the total score and the emotion focused coping strategy; 3)the urban participants outscore the rural participants on both the total score and the score of the task focused coping strategy and the emotion focused coping strategy; 4)the higher the academic levels participants complete, the higher the scores of both total and each dimension the participants receive; 5)regarding the nationality variation, the scores of the participants with ethnic minorities are higher than the participants with Han nationality on total scores and emotion focused coping strategy.
    The Relationship between Social Supports and Special Care Hospital Wellness Objects' Well-being: The Mediation Effect of Mental Health
    Kong Haiyan, Wang Huiping
    2016, 14(6):  741-748. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (935KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    This study tried to explore the status quo of well-being and mental health in special care hospital wellness targets and the relationship among the mental health, social supports and well-being with Senior Citizen Mental Health Questionnaire, the Social Supports Revalued Scale and the Memorial University of Newfoudland Scale of Happiness. Participants were 110 special care hospital wellness targets in Shandong Province and the number of valid data was 103. The results showed: 1)Well-being of special care hospital wellness targets was in the medium level, mental health and social supports were in the low level; 2)mental health and social support had significant correlations with well-being; 3)mental health level could mediate between social support and well-being, and the objective supports could partially predict well-being through the emotional experience.
    The Influence of Value-Item Interval and Item Presentation Duration on Value-Directed Metamemory
    Jiang Yingjie, Yu Yang, Yan Yan
    2016, 14(6):  749-754. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (559KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    In the present study, two experiments with selective task paradigm were conducted to investigate the influences of value-item interval and item presentation duration on the effect of value-directed metamemory. Experiment 1 explored whether different value-item intervals(0s, 1s, and 2s)would affect selectivity index(SI)and memory performance. Results showed that the value-directed metamemory was still existed on 1s interval condition but disappeared on 2s interval condition. Experiment 2 inspected whether the item presentation duration would influence the value-directed metamemory further. Two conditions with value-directed selectivity from Experiment 1 were used with expanded longer item presentation duration(4.5s). Results showed that the SIs descended significantly in both two conditions. However, the memory performance of high-value items and low-value items both increased with the item presentation duration increasing, which showed a separation phenomenon between metamemory and memory. In conclusion, value-directed metamemory is affected by both value-item interval and item presentation duration.
    Eye Movement Study on the Visaul Information Processing of the Free Combat Athletes
    He Yisu, Yang Shengwei, Li Hongyu
    2016, 14(6):  755-759. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (541KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Free Combat game is a sport which has strong tagonism, in which athletes need to have accurate judgment, quick response action. It requires athletes maintain a high level attention intensity momently, search relevant information quickly and accurately, cope with what happens on the competition setting. In order to provide reference to making scientific training plan for beginners, this paper investigated the eye movement differences between professional free combat athletes and beginner ones by using a typical expert-novice paradigm. Twenty-four free combat athletes in different professional take part in the study. The results showed that the expert group paid more attention to the scoring areas during the game, in turn provided cognitive grantees for the accurate predictions.
    Features of Attentional Bias to Threatening Information in Trait-Anxious Individuals
    Wu Lei, Lin Bingxin, Jiang Na, Zhao Yaping
    2016, 14(6):  760-764. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (471KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    High-trait-anxiety individuals' attentional bias to threatening stimuli is related to threat intensity. The study aimed to investigate attentional bias of trait-anxiety individuals toward stimuli with different threat intensity. 33 high-trait-anxiety individuals and 31 control-group individuals were selected from 265 university students. The results showed that: 1)high-trait-anxiety individuals in the face of mildly threatening stimuli showed significantly longer response latencies than control-group individuals when points probe the neutral pictures relative to threatening pictures; 2)high-trait-anxiety individuals in the face of highly threatening stimuli showed shorter response latencies when points probe the neutral pictures relative to threatening pictures. The conclusions were that: 1)high-trait-anxiety individuals had attentional bias to mildly threatening stimuli but attentional avoidance to highly threatening stimuli; 2)control-group individuals had attentional bias to highly threatening stimuli but no to mildly threatening stimuli.
    Theories of Embodied Cognition in Morality
    Fang Wei, Ge Liezhong, Gan Tian
    2016, 14(6):  765-772. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (826KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    As an emerging trend, embodied cognition emphasized on the role of physical experience and the interaction between body and environment in the formation of cognition. From the perspective of embodied cognition, examining the relationship between the process of body and advanced social cognition has become one of the hottest research topics nowadays. Combined with previous researches, We mainly focused on conceptual metaphor theory, perceptual symbol theory, simulating sensorimotor metaphors, evolutionary theory and the neural mechanisms under the interaction between embodied cognition and moral processing. Also, conflicts and problems brought up by these theories were discussed. Future study can be carried out in a multi-cultural background; the neural mechanism of embodied cognition in morality can be explored by applying cognitive neuroscience technologies.
    A Study on the Factors Influencing High School Students Learning Ability
    Cao Liren, Wang Ting, Zhu Lin
    2016, 14(6):  773-778. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (699KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    The present study was aimed to investigate the relationship between learning abilities and its influencing factors. 3056 students from 8 high schools were surveyed by the self-developed questionnaire. The goal was to explore factors that influenced learning ability and identified the underlying process. The results showed that: 1) 6 factors influenced the learning ability of high school students they were cognitive ability, motivation level, mental state, interpersonal coordination, physical and mental superiority, and learning atmosphere. 2) the contribution rank of the 6 factors was as follows: the mental state, motivation level, learning atmosphere, cognitive ability, physical and mental superiority, and interpersonal coordination. 3)the ability to implement methodology was mainly affected by motivation level, mental state, learning atmosphere, and cognitive ability; the ability to moderate attitude was mainly affected by mental state, motivation level, learning atmosphere, and cognitive ability; the ability to self-control was mainly affected by mental state; the ability to reciprocate questions was mainly affected by cognitive ability, mental state, motivation level, and learning atmosphere.
    The Relationship of College Students' Body Image Depression and Love Pressure: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem
    Li Yi, Wu Tong
    2016, 14(6):  779-787. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (961KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Based on the published questionnaire of youth's body image depression, the self-esteem scale,and the college students' love pressure scale, the study surveyed 550 college students and established a structural equation model among body image depression, self-esteem, and love pressure and explored the mediating role of self-esteem between the body image depression and the love pressure. The results showed that: 1)There were significant correlation between the college students' body image, self-esteem and love pressure; 2)The college students' body image depression was significantly negatively related with self-esteem and positively related with love pressure; 3)Body image depression could impact on love pressure directly,and it also could affect love pressure through self-esteem indirectly.
    A Study on the Influence of Intergroup Competition on Pupil's Cooperative Performance and Interactive Strategy
    Cui Liying, Huang Xiaojiao, Chen Xiaomei
    2016, 14(6):  788-794. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (684KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    To explore the influence of intergroup competition on the in-group cooperative performance and interactive strategies of children who were studying in the primary school, 80 students were requested to cooperate to finish a puzzle task. We put four participants who came from the same class into a group, 8 groups were random assigned to the non-competitive situations, and 12 groups were assigned to the competitive context. Our results: 1, Intergroup competition increased the cooperative performance in the group of older students in primary. In grade 4, it was obvious that the account of puzzles accomplished in the competitive situation was more than the one in the non-competitive situation. 2, The intergroup competition played an obvious inhibition to communicative frequency in the group of younger students, but increased the communication quantity in the group of older students in primary. In grade 4, the students words in competitive situations were more than others in non-competitive situations. 3, Intergroup competition increased the active interaction in the group of older students in primary. The interaction between grade and situation had a significant influence on strategies such as advice, question, praise, response, and instruction. The trend was: in grade 2, the times of strategies used in non-competitive situations were more than the ones in competitive situations. And in grade 4, the students' interaction strategies in competitive situations were more than the ones in non-competitive situations. we draw a conclusion:Intergroup competition not only affected the group's cooperative efficiency, but also affected the members' interactive strategies, but its influence was relevant with the age of the child.
    The Nature of Stereotype Representation: A Perspective of the Scope Hypothesis
    Chen Li, Wang Pei
    2016, 14(6):  795-801. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (688KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    This study used facilitated task paradigm and stereotypical trait judgments to examine the scope hypothesis. The result showed that when representation of the group familiar to college students is activated, trait-inconsistent representation on exemplars should be activated as well. The results were consistent with the predictions of the scope hypothesis. The judgment procedures should be designed to search for summary information in semantic memory and upon retrieving it, also search for episodic memories that are inconsistent with that summary.
    University Teachers' Professional Psychological Capital and Job Performance: Mediating Effect of Social Support
    Li Li, Zheng Zhiguo, Liao Xiaoming
    2016, 14(6):  802-810. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (931KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    With“University Teachers' Professional Psychological Capital Scale”,“Job Performance Scale”and“Social Support Scale”, questionnaires were conducted among 718 teachers from 8 universities. Through descriptive statistical analysis, regression analysis and structural equation techniques, we explored and verified the effects of social support on professional psychological capital and its dimensions with job performance. Then we analyzed model's relationship among the social support, professional psychological capital and job performance in theoretical framework and the mediation effect. we find that there are significant correlations of the dimensions of university teachers' professional psychological capital and social support with job performance; University teachers' professional psychological capital and it's dimensions have positive direct effects on job performance; The mediating effects of social support that professional psychological capital and it's dimensions influence on job performance are also significant. This indicates that the professional psychological capital and it's various dimensions have not only a direct impact on job performance, but also an indirect impact on job performance through social support. Therefore, college administrators should manage to improve university teachers' professional psychological capital and establish a good internal and external social support system that can form good incentive effect so as to accomplish the common development on teachers and universities.
    Influence of Creative Self-efficacy on Innovative Behavior: Analysis of Multiple Mediation Effect
    Wang Nan, Zhang Liyan, Wang Yang
    2016, 14(6):  811-816. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (635KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    To investigate the relationship and mechanism of creative self-efficacy, creative motivation and innovative behavior, a sample of 144 scientific and technological personnel were assessed with the Creative Self-efficacy Scale, the Intrinsic Motivations Scale, the Extrinsic Motivation Scale, and the Innovative Behavior Scale. Results were as follows: 1)Various significant positive correlations were found among creative self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation and innovative behavior; 2)Creative self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation, and extrinsic motivation had positive effect on innovative behavior; 3)Intrinsic motivation, and extrinsic motivation played multiple mediation effect between creative self-efficacy and innovative behavior.
    Relationship between the Satisfaction of Performance Appraisal and Work Withdrawal Behavior: Moderated Mediating Effect
    Luo Haoshuang, He Xuefei, Wang Xiaozhuang
    2016, 14(6):  817-825. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (857KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    The present study explored the relationship between the satisfaction of performance appraisal and work withdrawal behavior of the employees. Organizational justice perception and ethical leadership were introduced to the model to analyze the mediating and moderating effects. Data were collected by questionnaires. A total of 419 employees participated in the study. The results indicate that: 1)There was a significant negative correlation between the satisfaction of performance appraisal and work withdrawal behavior. 2)Ethical leadership moderated the relationship between the satisfaction of performance appraisal and organizational justice perception. 3)Ethical leadership moderated the relationship between the satisfaction of performance appraisal and work withdrawal behavior. 4)Organizational justice perception mediated the relationship between the satisfaction of performance appraisal and work withdrawal behavior, and ethical leadership moderated the mediation effect.
    The Definition of Information in the Scene Perception: From Subjective Expectancy to Surprise Arithmetic
    Kang Tinghu, Zhang Feng
    2016, 14(6):  826-833. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (836KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    It is a key issue on how to process scene information in the high-level scene perception fields. However, the information definition varies from different researchers. During the past eight decades, the development of scene information definition experienced several approaches as researches' subjective affirmation, viewers' evaluation and computing simulations based on scene physics characteristic. Itti and Baldi(2005, 2009)compared the different distribution between the prior probability and posterior probability,and developed a model of surprise. This paper introduced the application of ″surprise″ to the scene perception field, and analyzed the development of the relevant research progress. Finally, it noted that the extension of surprise computation, the definition of surprise, attention switching during scene perception and application of surprise in complex social scenes that need to be further explored.
    Hyperscanning Used in the Measurement of the Brain Activity
    Zhang Wenli, Tang Honghong, Liu Chao, Mai Xiaoqin
    2016, 14(6):  834-841. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (806KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Interpersonal social interaction is considered to be a main characteristic of the social cognition. Measuring brain activity simultaneously among people when interacting is intuitively appealing if the researcher is interested in putative neural markers of social interactions. Hence, the hyperscanning, which can simultaneously record more than one brain in detail, has now been widely used in this field. The devices involved in hyperscanning include electroencephalography(EEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI), and Near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS). The studies which have been done with these methods are mainly focus on the following three aspects: Social interaction about the game theory contexts, movement and emotion. As a new approach in this area, there is little review published on this topic. So it is definitely difficult for the newers to have an overall understanding of this technique. This paper reviews many previous but classic studies published, from which we can learn how different recording devices could be applied to experimental paradigms and how the brains interact. As for the great advantages of this technique, it may be more widely used in the research field of social interactions.
    The Structure, Effects and Intervention of Positive Psychological Capital
    Xiong Meng, Ye Yiduo
    2016, 14(6):  842-849. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (845KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Psychological capital(PsyCap)has attracted attention over the past decade from both researchers and practicers for its important role in promoting individual and organizational competitive advantage. In previous studies, researchers have put forward the four-dimensional concept, three-dimensional concept and multi-dimensional concept of PsyCap, and developed corresponding measuring tools according to those opinions. In terms of outcome variables, previous studies have found that PsyCap is related to individuals' job attitude, behavior, performance, and well-being. Previous researches also suggested that PsyCap itself was an important mediator or moderator, and PsyCap intervention model(PCI)can effectively improve the level of individuals' PsyCap. As a result, the broadening of study objects and contents, the improvement of research approaches, and the strengthening of localization and cross-cultural research are the trends of research in this field.
    A Bibliometric Analysis of Publications on Key Psychology Journals during 2010-2014
    Li Peikai, Yang Xijin, Sun Jianmin
    2016, 14(6):  850-858. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (956KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    5878 papers published in 2010-2014 from 7 key Chinese journals of psychological science are selected and analyzed using a bibliometric method in terms of distribution of research topics and fields, number and characteristics of authors and affiliations, research methods,and so on. A systematic analysis and comparison with previous findings are presented. Implications and future trends are discussed.