老年人微信使用与获得感的关系：领悟社会支持和生命意义感的链式中介作用

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2023.03.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微信的普及和使用给老年人的生活带来了挑战与改变。本研究探讨了老年人微信使用强度与获得感的关系及作用机制。研究招募了916名55岁以上的老年人，采用微信使用强度量表、领悟社会支持量表、生命意义感量表和获得感量表进行施测。结果显示：(1)微信使用强度正向预测老年人的获得感；(2)领悟社会支持和生命意义感在微信使用强度和获得感之间起到单独的中介作用以及链式中介作用。研究表明，老年人的微信使用可以提升其领悟社会支持和生命意义感，从而增强他们的获得感，实现社会发展成果的共享。

关键词: 老年人, 微信使用, 获得感, 领悟社会支持, 生命意义感

Abstract:

The popularity and usage of WeChat have brought challenges and changes to the lives of the elderly. This study investigated the influence and mechanism of older adults’ WeChat use intensity on their sense of gain. Nine hundred and sixteen older adults over 55 years old in Chongqing were recruited to complete the WeChat Use Intensity Questionnaire, Perceived Social Support Scale, the Meaning in Life Questionnaire, and Sense of Gain Scale. The results showed that: 1) the intensity of WeChat use positively predicted older adults’ sense of gain; 2) perceived social support and the meaning in life played partial and chain mediation roles in the relationship between WeChat use intensity and sense of gain. These results indicate that the elderly’s use of WeChat can improve their perceived social support and the meaning in life, so as to enhance their sense of gain.

Key words: older adults, WeChat usage, sense of gain, perceived social support, the meaning in life

中图分类号:

B844

蒋俊杰, 陈珺怡, 喻婧. 老年人微信使用与获得感的关系：领悟社会支持和生命意义感的链式中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2023, 21(3): 367-373.

Junjie JIANG, Junyi CHEN, Jing YU. The Relationship Between WeChat Usage on Older Adults and Sense of Gain: The Chain Mediation of Perceived Social Support and Meaning in Life[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2023, 21(3): 367-373.

图/表 5

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	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6
1.受教育程度	8.01	3.34
2.主观社会阶层	4.24	1.62	0.36**
3.家庭经济状况	2.17	0.63	0.23**	0.45**
4.微信使用强度	20.76	4.40	0.23**	0.17**	0.13**
5.领悟社会支持	61.64	11.05	0.10**	0.12**	0.17**	0.29**
6.生命意义感	40.20	9.22	0.11**	0.18**	0.17**	0.28**	0.44**
7.获得感	157.53	24.45	0.10**	0.25**	0.23**	0.30**	0.53**	0.48**

	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6
1.受教育程度	8.01	3.34
2.主观社会阶层	4.24	1.62	0.36**
3.家庭经济状况	2.17	0.63	0.23**	0.45**
4.微信使用强度	20.76	4.40	0.23**	0.17**	0.13**
5.领悟社会支持	61.64	11.05	0.10**	0.12**	0.17**	0.29**
6.生命意义感	40.20	9.22	0.11**	0.18**	0.17**	0.28**	0.44**
7.获得感	157.53	24.45	0.10**	0.25**	0.23**	0.30**	0.53**	0.48**

结果变量	预测变量	R	R²	F	β	t
获得感		0.41	0.17	25.89***
	性别				−0.04	−1.18
	年龄				0.12	3.98***
	受教育程度				−0.05	−1.32
	主观社会阶层				0.19	5.27***
	家庭经济状况				0.12	3.52***
	微信使用强度				0.27	8.45***
领悟社会支持		0.34	0.12	16.86***
	性别				−0.07	−2.22*
	年龄				0.07	2.24*
	受教育程度				0.00	−0.01
	主观社会阶层				0.04	1.03
	家庭经济状况				0.13	3.68***
	微信使用强度				0.27	8.31***
生命意义感		0.49	0.24	35.84***
	性别				0.03	1.09
	年龄				0.08	2.50*
	受教育程度				−0.01	−0.39
	主观社会阶层				0.11	3.15***
	家庭经济状况				0.04	1.28
	微信使用强度				0.16	5.20***
	领悟社会支持				0.37	12.03***
获得感		0.64	0.40	67.34***
	性别				−0.01	−0.46
	年龄				0.07	2.71**
	受教育程度				−0.04	−1.45
	主观社会阶层				0.14	4.72***
	家庭经济状况				0.05	1.72
	微信使用强度				0.10	3.60***
	领悟社会支持				0.37	12.39***
	生命意义感				0.25	8.51***

结果变量	预测变量	R	R²	F	β	t
获得感		0.41	0.17	25.89***
	性别				−0.04	−1.18
	年龄				0.12	3.98***
	受教育程度				−0.05	−1.32
	主观社会阶层				0.19	5.27***
	家庭经济状况				0.12	3.52***
	微信使用强度				0.27	8.45***
领悟社会支持		0.34	0.12	16.86***
	性别				−0.07	−2.22*
	年龄				0.07	2.24*
	受教育程度				0.00	−0.01
	主观社会阶层				0.04	1.03
	家庭经济状况				0.13	3.68***
	微信使用强度				0.27	8.31***
生命意义感		0.49	0.24	35.84***
	性别				0.03	1.09
	年龄				0.08	2.50*
	受教育程度				−0.01	−0.39
	主观社会阶层				0.11	3.15***
	家庭经济状况				0.04	1.28
	微信使用强度				0.16	5.20***
	领悟社会支持				0.37	12.03***
获得感		0.64	0.40	67.34***
	性别				−0.01	−0.46
	年龄				0.07	2.71**
	受教育程度				−0.04	−1.45
	主观社会阶层				0.14	4.72***
	家庭经济状况				0.05	1.72
	微信使用强度				0.10	3.60***
	领悟社会支持				0.37	12.39***
	生命意义感				0.25	8.51***

效应	间接效应值	BootSE	Boot LLCI	Boot ULCI	中介效应占比(%)
Total Ind	0.17	0.02	0.13	0.20	62.96
Ind1	0.10	0.02	0.07	0.13	37.04
Ind2	0.04	0.01	0.02	0.06	14.81
Ind3	0.03	0.01	0.02	0.04	11.11