祖孙代际接触与青少年对老年人态度的关系：群际焦虑和共情的链式中介作用

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2024.01.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为考察祖孙代际接触与青少年所持有的老年人态度的关系，以及群际焦虑和共情在其中的中介作用，采用祖孙代际接触问卷、语义差异量表、感觉温度计量表、群际焦虑量表和人际反应指数量表对605名初中生进行调查。结果发现：(1)祖孙代际接触显著正向预测青少年对老年人的态度。(2)祖孙代际接触对老年人态度的预测可以分别通过群际焦虑和共情的中介进行；祖孙代际接触还可以通过群际焦虑经共情的链式中介对青少年对老年人的态度起到正向预测作用。研究结果有助于丰富和完善群际接触理论的理论体系，并为改善年轻一代对老年人的态度提供建议。

关键词: 祖孙代际接触, 群际焦虑, 共情, 青少年

Abstract:

The current study examined the linkage between grandparent-grandchild intergenerational contact and attitudes toward older people, as well as the mediating roles of intergroup anxiety and empathy in attitude change. Six hundred and five middle school students filled out measures on grandparent-grandchild contact, intergroup anxiety, empathy, and attitudes toward older people. Results indicated that contact with grandparents was positively related to attitudes toward older people; intergroup anxiety and empathy both independently and sequentially mediated the link between contact and attitudes. Current findings contribute to the intergroup contact literature and provide practical implications for ageism reduction.

Key words: grandparent-grandchild intergenerational contact, intergroup anxiety, empathy, adolescents

中图分类号:

B844

廖天嗣, 黄妍, 陈晓晨. 祖孙代际接触与青少年对老年人态度的关系：群际焦虑和共情的链式中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2024, 22(1): 86-92.

Tiansi LIAO, Yan HUANG, Xiaochen CHEN. Grandparent-Grandchild Intergenerational Contact and Attitudes Toward Older People: The Chain Mediating Effects of Intergroup Anxiety and Empathy[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2024, 22(1): 86-92.

图/表 4

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变量	1	2	3	4	5	6
1.接触数量
2.接触质量	0.47**
3.群际焦虑	−0.33**	−0.27**
4.共情	0.27**	0.27**	−0.44**
5.刻板印象	0.25**	0.25**	−0.34**	0.32**
6.积极情感	0.28**	0.29**	−0.37**	0.37**	0.35**
M	4.04	4.29	3.37	3.75	5.24	8.37
SD	1.43	0.76	1.03	0.56	1.38	2.29

变量	1	2	3	4	5	6
1.接触数量
2.接触质量	0.47**
3.群际焦虑	−0.33**	−0.27**
4.共情	0.27**	0.27**	−0.44**
5.刻板印象	0.25**	0.25**	−0.34**	0.32**
6.积极情感	0.28**	0.29**	−0.37**	0.37**	0.35**
M	4.04	4.29	3.37	3.75	5.24	8.37
SD	1.43	0.76	1.03	0.56	1.38	2.29

路径	标准化效应量	95% CI
直接效应
祖孙代际接触→对老年人态度	0.42	[0.28, 0.55]
独立中介效应
祖孙代际接触→群际焦虑→对老年人态度	0.13	[0.08, 0.17]
祖孙代际接触→共情→对老年人态度	0.08	[0.04, 0.11]
链式中介效应
祖孙代际接触→群际焦虑→ 共情→对老年人态度	0.04	[0.02, 0.06]
总中介效应	0.24	[0.18, 0.30]
总效应	0.66	[0.54, 0.77]

路径	标准化效应量	95% CI
直接效应
祖孙代际接触→对老年人态度	0.42	[0.28, 0.55]
独立中介效应
祖孙代际接触→群际焦虑→对老年人态度	0.13	[0.08, 0.17]
祖孙代际接触→共情→对老年人态度	0.08	[0.04, 0.11]
链式中介效应
祖孙代际接触→群际焦虑→ 共情→对老年人态度	0.04	[0.02, 0.06]
总中介效应	0.24	[0.18, 0.30]
总效应	0.66	[0.54, 0.77]

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