汉语“N的V”结构加工的韵律制约

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2023.06.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 已有研究表明内隐韵律能够促进书面文本的理解，但以往研究多集中在重音节拍语言，而较少关注汉语这类音节节拍语言。为了探究内隐韵律作用的普遍性，研究采用眼动技术探讨了句子阅读中“N的V”结构加工的韵律制约。研究发现，“N的V”结构加工中存在稳定的韵律形式效应：动词为单音节时比动词为双音节时的注视时间更长，回视更多。韵律形式和语义关系之间存在交互作用，表现在受事语义关系条件下，在反映早期加工的凝视时间上，单音节动词条件长于双音节动词条件。但这种交互作用在晚期加工阶段则不受语义关系影响。表明“N的V”结构加工中的韵律形式效应稳定且持续。研究支持内隐韵律假说。

关键词: 内隐韵律, 语义关系, “N的V”结构, 默读, 眼动

Abstract: Evidence suggests that implicit prosody can facilitate the processing of written texts. Although there is considerable research on stress-timed languages, the role of implicit prosody in syllable-timed languages has not received much attention. The current study explored the cross-linguistic universality of implicit prosody in the “N de V” construction. The results revealed an interaction between prosodic patterns and semantic relations. At an early stage of processing, there was a preference for disyllabic verbs when there was a “patient-verb” semantic relationship. The findings demonstrate the immediate availability of prosodic information in Chinese sentence processing. Importantly, a stable and continuous effect of prosody was found such that monosyllabic verbs had longer fixation duration than disyllabic verbs and more regressions were made to prosodic patterns containing monosyllabic verbs. The conclusion supports the Implicit Prosody Hypothesis.

Key words: implicit prosody, semantic relations, “N de V” construction, silent reading, eye movement

中图分类号:

B842

于秒, 王文娣, 陈晓霄. 汉语“N的V”结构加工的韵律制约[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2023, 21(6): 744-750.

Miao YU, Wendi WANG, Xiaoxiao CHEN. Prosodic Constraints in Chinese “N de V” Construction[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2023, 21(6): 744-750.

图/表 3

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语义关系	韵律形式	例句
施事	偏好	心理医生说[妈妈的拥抱]可以让小女孩平静下来。
施事	非偏好	心理医生说[妈妈的抱]可以让小女孩平静下来。
受事	偏好	公司领导说[税收的免除]可以使公司资产增长5%。
受事	非偏好	公司领导说[税收的免]可以使公司资产增长5%。

语义关系	韵律形式	例句
施事	偏好	心理医生说[妈妈的拥抱]可以让小女孩平静下来。
施事	非偏好	心理医生说[妈妈的抱]可以让小女孩平静下来。
受事	偏好	公司领导说[税收的免除]可以使公司资产增长5%。
受事	非偏好	公司领导说[税收的免]可以使公司资产增长5%。

变量	N_A的V₁	N_A的V₂	N_P的V₁	N_P的V₂
词频(次/百万)	24.59(23.21)	19.21(47.08)	14.86(13.61)	13.77(21.87)
通顺性	4.09(0.52)	2.40(0.53)	3.76(0.78)	2.05(0.46)
合理性	3.68(0.48)	2.93(0.39)	3.49(0.55)	2.64(0.41)

变量	N_A的V₁	N_A的V₂	N_P的V₁	N_P的V₂
词频(次/百万)	24.59(23.21)	19.21(47.08)	14.86(13.61)	13.77(21.87)
通顺性	4.09(0.52)	2.40(0.53)	3.76(0.78)	2.05(0.46)
合理性	3.68(0.48)	2.93(0.39)	3.49(0.55)	2.64(0.41)

兴趣区	眼动指标	N_A的V₁	N_A的V₂	N_P的V₁	N_P的V₂
兴趣区 1	FFD (ms)	247 (29)	229 (19)	267 (30)	240 (20)
	GD (ms)	274 (39)	261 (26)	285 (36)	283 (28)
	RPD (ms)	350 (60)	338 (54)	384 (69)	344 (47)
	TFD (ms)	381 (60)	390 (53)	420 (63)	429 (53)
	REG IN (%)	38.69 (11.90)	20.46 (8.57)	43.61 (11.40)	26.53 (9.75)
	REG OUT (%)	13.36 (6.70)	13.82 (7.58)	15.60 (7.44)	12.29 (6.89)
	SP (%)	53.96 (11.67)	20.83 (8.05)	53.77 (11.06)	19.44 (7.50)
兴趣区 2	FFD (ms)	234 (21)	232 (23)	248 (22)	233 (20)
	GD (ms)	273 (34)	268 (34)	307 (38)	265 (29)
	RPD (ms)	531 (117)	392 (83)	619 (128)	412 (95)
	TFD (ms)	482 (71)	371 (57)	545 (74)	386 (55)
	REG IN (%)	31.12 (11.10)	23.10 (9.01)	25.88 (9.85)	20.62 (8.62)
	REG OUT (%)	30.25 (0.07)	16.78 (0.08)	33.61 (0.07)	19.23 (0.07)
	SP (%)	27.14 (9.72)	36.31 (11.07)	22.62 (8.90)	28.34 (9.77)