父母自主支持、10～12岁儿童的同伴关系与执行功能的动态互动关系：一个发展级联模型

doi:10.12139/j.1672-0628.2024.01.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对514名三、四年级学生进行间隔半年的三次追踪，考察学龄中后期父母自主支持、儿童同伴关系与执行功能间潜在的级联效应及其可能存在的发展变化和父母性别差异。随机截距交叉滞后模型结果发现：在个体间层面，儿童执行功能与父母自主支持和同伴接纳/拒绝部分显著相关，且父亲自主支持与同伴接纳显著相关；在个体内层面，执行功能与父母自主支持由双向预测变成执行功能对自主支持单向预测；执行功能对同伴接纳单向预测变为双向预测；仅母亲自主支持与同伴关系存在双向预测。父母自主支持、儿童同伴关系与执行功能三者在学龄中后期存在相互影响的级联效应，且这一效应存在时间变化性与父母性别差异。

关键词: 父母自主支持, 执行功能, 同伴关系, 随机截距交叉滞后模型

Abstract:

This longitudinal study examined cascading effects among parental autonomy support, children’s peer relationships and executive function, and whether the above effects would change over time or would differ by parental gender. A total of 514 third- and fourth-grade students and their parents were assessed at three time points, six months apart. Random intercept cross-lagged panel models revealed that at the between-person level, the random intercepts of executive function were significantly related with the random intercepts of parental autonomy support and peer acceptance/rejection, and the correlations between the random intercepts of paternal autonomy support and peer acceptance were significant. At the within-person level, executive function and parental autonomy support were reciprocally predicted between T1 and T2, and executive function at T2 predicted parental autonomy support at T3. At the same time, executive function at T1 predicted peer acceptance at T2, and executive function and peer acceptance were reciprocally predicted between T2 and T3. In addition, maternal rather than paternal autonomy support and peer relationships were reciprocally predicted. These findings suggest that during mid-late childhood, there are potential cascading effects among parental autonomy support, children’s peer relationships and executive function, which change over time and across parental gender.

Key words: parental autonomy support, executive function, peer relationship, random intercept cross-lagged panel model

中图分类号:

B844

赵新宇, 乔晓光, 邢晓沛. 父母自主支持、10～12岁儿童的同伴关系与执行功能的动态互动关系：一个发展级联模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2024, 22(1): 55-63.

Xinyu ZHAO, Xiaoguang QIAO, Xiaopei XING. The Reciprocal Effects Among Parental Autonomy Support, Peer Relationships and Executive Function in Children Aged 10 to 12: A Developmental Cascading Model[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2024, 22(1): 55-63.

图/表 6

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变量	M±SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16
Wave 1
1. EF	146.94±19.24
2. PAS	4.13±0.67	0.32^***
3. MAS	4.09±0.66	0.42^***	0.45^***
4. PA	2.86±2.36	0.21^***	0.13^**	0.14^**
5. PR	2.47±4.43	−0.22^***	−0.11^*	−0.13^**	−0.27^***
Wave 2
6. EF	149.66±20.43	0.66^***	0.28^***	0.40^***	0.22^***	−0.23^***
7. PAS	4.05±0.72	0.22^***	0.45^***	0.37^***	0.07	−0.14^**	0.29^***
8. MAS	4.13±0.65	0.31^***	0.40^***	0.58^***	0.09^*	−0.13^**	0.42^***	0.51^***
9. PA	2.71±2.36	0.24^***	0.12^*	0.08	0.64^***	−0.25^***	0.25^***	0.08	0.05
10. PR	2.64±4.25	−0.22^***	−0.11^*	−0.17^***	−0.29^***	0.83^***	−0.23^***	−0.09	−0.13^**	−0.28^***
Wave 3
11. EF	152.75±21.11	0.55^***	0.18^***	0.25^***	0.19^***	−0.18^***	0.64^***	0.20^***	0.25^***	0.23^***	−0.19^***
12. PAS	4.06±0.74	0.24^***	0.37^***	0.32^***	0.14^**	−0.10^*	0.28^***	0.45^***	0.35^***	0.15^**	−0.08	0.28^***
13. MAS	4.09±0.72	0.33^***	0.29^***	0.49^***	0.17^***	−0.13^**	0.40^***	0.33^***	0.49^***	0.17^**	−0.16^***	0.37^***	0.49^***
14. PA	2.85±2.27	0.22^***	0.13^**	0.10^*	0.58^***	−0.25^***	0.21^***	0.09	0.06	0.65^**	−0.29^***	0.24^***	0.14^**	0.14^**
15. PR	2.70±4.22	−0.25^***	−0.08	−0.15^**	−0.28^***	0.78^***	−0.25^***	−0.06	−0.10^*	−0.27^***	0.84^***	−0.23^***	−0.04	−0.17^**	−0.28^**
16. Gender		0.10^*	0.08	0.05	0.12^**	−0.17^***	0.05	0.05	0.06	0.14^**	−0.12^**	0.10^*	0.07	0.09	0.09^*	−0.14^**
17. SES	0.00±0.72	0.17^***	0.17^***	0.19^***	0.10^*	0.03	0.14^**	0.11^*	0.14^**	0.11^*	−0.05	0.06	0.13^**	0.14^**	0.09	−0.01	−0.01

变量	M±SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16
Wave 1
1. EF	146.94±19.24
2. PAS	4.13±0.67	0.32^***
3. MAS	4.09±0.66	0.42^***	0.45^***
4. PA	2.86±2.36	0.21^***	0.13^**	0.14^**
5. PR	2.47±4.43	−0.22^***	−0.11^*	−0.13^**	−0.27^***
Wave 2
6. EF	149.66±20.43	0.66^***	0.28^***	0.40^***	0.22^***	−0.23^***
7. PAS	4.05±0.72	0.22^***	0.45^***	0.37^***	0.07	−0.14^**	0.29^***
8. MAS	4.13±0.65	0.31^***	0.40^***	0.58^***	0.09^*	−0.13^**	0.42^***	0.51^***
9. PA	2.71±2.36	0.24^***	0.12^*	0.08	0.64^***	−0.25^***	0.25^***	0.08	0.05
10. PR	2.64±4.25	−0.22^***	−0.11^*	−0.17^***	−0.29^***	0.83^***	−0.23^***	−0.09	−0.13^**	−0.28^***
Wave 3
11. EF	152.75±21.11	0.55^***	0.18^***	0.25^***	0.19^***	−0.18^***	0.64^***	0.20^***	0.25^***	0.23^***	−0.19^***
12. PAS	4.06±0.74	0.24^***	0.37^***	0.32^***	0.14^**	−0.10^*	0.28^***	0.45^***	0.35^***	0.15^**	−0.08	0.28^***
13. MAS	4.09±0.72	0.33^***	0.29^***	0.49^***	0.17^***	−0.13^**	0.40^***	0.33^***	0.49^***	0.17^**	−0.16^***	0.37^***	0.49^***
14. PA	2.85±2.27	0.22^***	0.13^**	0.10^*	0.58^***	−0.25^***	0.21^***	0.09	0.06	0.65^**	−0.29^***	0.24^***	0.14^**	0.14^**
15. PR	2.70±4.22	−0.25^***	−0.08	−0.15^**	−0.28^***	0.78^***	−0.25^***	−0.06	−0.10^*	−0.27^***	0.84^***	−0.23^***	−0.04	−0.17^**	−0.28^**
16. Gender		0.10^*	0.08	0.05	0.12^**	−0.17^***	0.05	0.05	0.06	0.14^**	−0.12^**	0.10^*	0.07	0.09	0.09^*	−0.14^**
17. SES	0.00±0.72	0.17^***	0.17^***	0.19^***	0.10^*	0.03	0.14^**	0.11^*	0.14^**	0.11^*	−0.05	0.06	0.13^**	0.14^**	0.09	−0.01	−0.01

模型	χ²	df	CFI	TLI	RMSEA	SRMR
PAS – PA – EF	12.17	14	1.00	1.01	0.00	0.03
PAS – PR – EF	17.83	14	1.00	0.99	0.02	0.02
MAS – PA – EF	14.75	12	1.00	0.99	0.02	0.03
MAS – PR – EF	16.54	14	1.00	1.00	0.02	0.03

模型	χ²	df	CFI	TLI	RMSEA	SRMR
PAS – PA – EF	12.17	14	1.00	1.01	0.00	0.03
PAS – PR – EF	17.83	14	1.00	0.99	0.02	0.02
MAS – PA – EF	14.75	12	1.00	0.99	0.02	0.03
MAS – PR – EF	16.54	14	1.00	1.00	0.02	0.03

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