Simon效应对空间-数字反应编码联合效应的抑制作用*

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用Simon效应研究范式,以阿拉伯数字为实验材料,三个实验分别要求被试判断呈现数字的空间位置、颜色和大小,系统考察Simon效应、空间-数字反应编码联合效应的加工特点以及两者之间的关系。结果发现：（1）三个实验中,不管采用何种判断标准,被试总是对左侧的数字按左键反应更快,对右侧的数字按右键反应更快,数字加工中出现Simon效应;而对不同大小的数字按左键和按右键的反应时差异均不显著,数字加工中均未出现SNARC效应。（2）Simon效应和SNARC效应不同质,两者的加工机制也互不相同,而且Simon效应对SNARC效应具有抑制作用。（3）Simon效应与SNARC效应相比,Simon效应相对更稳固,SNARC效应则相对更灵活,易受知觉信息变化的影响。

关键词: Simon效应, SNARC效应, 空间表征, 抑制

Abstract: In the present study, Simon effect paradigm was used to investigate the processing characteristics of the Simon effect and SNARC(spatial-numerical association of response codes)effect and the relationship between them. The stimuli were Arabia numbers. The task of subjects was to judge numbers' location space(experiment 1), color(experiment 2)or magnitude(experiment 3)presenting in the left or right of displayer. The results showed that: 1)No matter what criteria was used, Subjects always responded faster to left numbers presenting on the displayer by left key than right key. Inversely, reaction to numbers on the right of displayer were faster by right key than left key, and Simon effect survived in all experiments. But the difference between the response with the left hand to relatively small numbers and that with the right hand to relatively large numbers was not significant, no SNARC effect appeared in any experiment. 2)Simon effect and SNARC effect had different processing mechanism. Simon effect can restrain SNARC effect. 3)Compared to SNARC effect, Simon effect is relatively more stable, on the contrary, SNARC was relatively flexible and easily affected by the change of perceptual information.

Key words: simon effect, SNARC effect, spatial representation, inhibition

中图分类号:

B842.2

金桂春, 王有智, 王丽. Simon效应对空间-数字反应编码联合效应的抑制作用^*[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2017, 15(4): 489-494.

Jin Guichun, Wang Youzhi, Wang Li. The Inhibition of Simon Effect for Spatial-Numerical Association of Response Codes Effect[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2017, 15(4): 489-494.

参考文献

1 胡林成, 熊哲宏.(2011). 刺激模拟量的空间表征: 面积和亮度的类SNARC效应. 心理科学, 34(1), 58-62.
2 金桂春, 王强强, 王有智, 吴彦文.(2016). 数字SNARC效应中大小和顺序信息的分离. 心理与行为研究, 14(2), 228-233.
3 宋晓蕾, 游旭群.(2006). Simon效应及其反转现象作用机制的研究. 心理科学, 29(2), 305-307.
4 王力, 张明亮, 张栎文, 陈安涛.(2012). Simon效应源于反应选择阶段: 基于知觉负荷对Simon效应的影响. 西南师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 34(4), 146-151.
5 王强强, 安宝霞, 吴彦文, 兰继军.(2016). 不同类型材料混合呈现对SNARC效应的影响. 应用心理学, 22(4), 352-363.
6 辛自强, 李丹.(2013). 小学生在非符号材料上的分数表征方式. 心理科学, 36(2), 364-371.
7 Ansorge, U., & Wiihr, P.(2004). A response-discrimination account of the simon effect. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 30(2), 365-377.
8 Bächtold, D., Baumüller, M., & Brugger, P.(1998). Stimulus-response compatibility in representational space. Neuropsychologia, 36(8), 731-735.
9 Dehaene, S., Bossini, S., & Giraux, P.(1993). The mental representation of parity and numerical magnitude. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 3, 71-396.
10 De Jong, R., Liang, C. C., & Lauber, E.(1994). Conditional and unconditional automaticity: A dual-process model of effects of spatial stimulus-response correspondence. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 20(4), 731-750.
11 Fumarola, A., Da Pos, O., & Umiltà, C.(2014). Automatic spatial association for luminance. Attention Perception & Psychophysics, 76, 759-765.
12 Gevers, W., & Lammertyn, J.(2005). The hunt for SNARC. Psychology Science, 47(1), 10-21.
13 Ginsburg, V., & Gevers, W.(2015). Spatial coding of ordinal information in short and long-term memory. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 9, 1-10.
14 Hoffmann, D., Hornung, C., Martin, R., & Schiltz, C.(2013). Developing number-space associations: SNARC effects using a color discrimination task in 5-year-olds. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 116, 775-791.
15 Keus, I. M., Jenks, K. M., & Schwarz, W.(2005). Psychophysiological evidence that the SNARC effect has its functional locus in a response selection stage. Cognitive Brain Research, 24, 48-56.
16 Keus, I. M., & Schwarz, W.(2005). Searching for the functional locus of the SNARC effect: Evidence for a response-related origin. Memory & Cognition, 33, 681-695.
17 Kirjakovski, A., & Utsuki, N.(2012). From SNARC to SQUARC: Universal mental quantity line?. International Journal of Psychological Studies, 4(2), 217-227.
18 Kornblum, S., Hasbroucq, T., & Osman, A.(1990). Dimensional overlap: Cognitive basis for stimulus-response compatibility-a model and taxonomy. Psychological Review, 97, 253-270.
19 Leuthold, H.(2011). The simon effect in cognitive electrophysiology: A short review. Acta Psychologica, 136(2), 203-211.
20 Lonnemann, J., Linkersdörfer, J., Nagler, T., Hasselhorn, M., & Lindberg, S.(2013). Spatial representations of numbers and letters in children. Frontiers in Psychology, 4(8), 1-5.
21 Mapelli, D., Rusconi, E., & Umilta, C.(2003). The SNARC effect: An instance of the Simon effect?. Cognition, 88, 1-10.
22 Melara, R. D., Wang, H., Vu, K. P., & Proctor, R. W.(2008). Attentional origins of the Simon effect: Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence. Brain Research, 1215(2), 147-159.
23 Nuerk, H. C., Moeller, K., Klein, E., Willmes, K., & Fischer, M. H.(2011). Extending the mental number line-a review of multi-digit number processing. Journal of Psychology, 1(219), 3-22.
24 Simon, J. R., & Small, A. M.(1969). Processing auditory information: Interference from an irrelevant cue. Journal of Applied Psychology, 53(5), 433-435.
25 Tan, S., & Dixon, P.(2012). Repetition and the SNARC effect with one-and two-digit numbers. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 65(2), 84-97.
26 Tlauka, M.(2002). The processing of numbers in choice-reaction tasks. Australian Journal of Psychology, 54, 94-98.
27 van Dijck, J. P., & Fias, W.(2011). A working memory account for spatial–numerical associations. Cognition, 119, 114-119.

[1]	刘芳, 霍瑞, 韩铖铖, 王美沂, 杨海波. 执行功能对个体情绪调节策略使用倾向和调节效果的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(3): 382-389.
[2]	刘旭, 蔡佳, 崔喆, 宋美含, 王力. 项目竞争强度对网络成瘾大学生提取诱发遗忘的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(1): 8-14.
[3]	刘艳艳, 李杰, 赵起超, 陈贝贝, 张禹. 三维动静态场景下返回抑制的扩散[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(1): 22-28.
[4]	刘璇璇, 张李斌, 刘峥, 杨喆, 李丽娜. 正念训练对康复期精神分裂症患者抑制控制的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(1): 138-144.
[5]	苏明宇, 王光明. STEAM训练提升小学生的注意抑制与注意集中能力[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(5): 701-705.
[6]	王梦颖, 仝宇光, 高贺明. 不同短时程SOA下定向遗忘的抑制加工过程[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(3): 319-325.
[7]	潘运, 赵竹君, 戴隆农. 言语与空间任务指令对数字-空间联结编码的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2020, 18(6): 734-740.
[8]	曾桐奥, 卜晓鸥, 王庭照, 马海林. 听障儿童抑制控制能力特点及其与数学基本能力的关系[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2020, 18(4): 517-523.
[9]	苏金龙, 肖瑶, 苏彦捷. 哈欠传染的发展与演化：一项探索性研究[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2020, 18(3): 346-353.
[10]	赵黎明, 刘奕伶. 口吃儿童言语产生中的抑制控制：来自出声Go/Nogo任务的证据[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2019, 17(6): 780-786.
[11]	王春梅, 吕勇. 高、低回避性消极情绪影响抑制功能的神经机制：ERP研究[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2019, 17(5): 577-582.
[12]	贾丽萍, 卢国华, 宋玉萍, 李福洪. 负性情绪启动对特质焦虑个体行为抑制的影响机制[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2019, 17(5): 604-612.
[13]	潘运, 杨阳, 邹昌浪, 陈衍, 龙女. 基于主体和客体的空间参照框架对数字-空间联结的影响[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2019, 17(5): 613-619.
[14]	麦子峰, 孙瑞, 张群, 梁华, 马宁. 个体行为的昼夜节律效应：来自华南地区的证据[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2019, 17(2): 185-192.
[15]	齐冰, 杨丽珠, 姚屹北. 不同情绪诱发下的情绪调节策略对初中生教育材料记忆的影响研究[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2019, 17(2): 202-208.

Simon效应对空间-数字反应编码联合效应的抑制作用^*

The Inhibition of Simon Effect for Spatial-Numerical Association of Response Codes Effect

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价