负性生活事件对大学生自杀意念的影响——反刍思维的中介作用和气质性乐观的调节作用

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以积极心理学的视角，基于自杀的应激-易感模型和自杀的缓冲假设，考察负性生活事件与自杀意念的关系，并探讨反刍思维的中介作用及气质性乐观的调节作用。采用青少年生活事件量表、反刍思维量表、修订版生活倾向问卷、贝克自杀意念量表，对1191名大学生进行集体施测，结果表明：（1）负性生活事件对大学生的反刍思维和自杀意念均有显著正向预测作用；（2）反刍思维在负性生活事件与自杀意念之间具有中介作用；（3）气质性乐观对反刍思维与自杀意念的中介过程存在调节作用，相对于气质性乐观水平较高的大学生，中介效应仅在气质性乐观水平低的大学生中显著。

关键词: 负性生活事件, 自杀意念, 反刍思维, 气质性乐观, 大学生

Abstract: From the perspective of positive psychology, the present study constructed a moderated mediation model to examine whether or not rumination mediates the relationship between negative life events and college students' suicidal ideation, and whether or not this mediating process is moderated by dispositional optimism. For this purpose, 1191 college students were recruited to participate in this study with Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation, Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List, Rumination Response Scale-Chinese Version and the Life Orientation Test-revised. The results were as followings:1) Negative life events significantly contributed to rumination and suicidal ideation; 2) Rumination played a mediating role in the relationship between negative life events and suicidal ideation; 3) Dispositional optimism moderated the mediated path through rumination, such that this mediating effect was only significant for one with dispositional optimism at a low level.

Key words: negative life events, suicidal ideation, rumination, dispositional optimism, college students

中图分类号:

B849

林琳, 刘俊岐, 杨洋, 刘羽, 王晨旭, 刘拓, 于馨, 贾绪计. 负性生活事件对大学生自杀意念的影响——反刍思维的中介作用和气质性乐观的调节作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2019, 17(4): 569-576.

LIN Lin, LIU Junqi, YANG Yang, LIU Yu, WANG Chenxu, LIU Tuo, YU Xin, JIA Xuji. The Impact of Negative Life Events in College Students' Suicidal Ideation: Mediating Role of Rumination and Moderating Role of Dispositional Optimism[J]. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2019, 17(4): 569-576.

参考文献

包文婷. (2012). 大学新生学校适应及其影响因素的调查研究与教育启示(博士学位论文). 湖南科技大学, 湘潭.
陈洁, 刘金同, 王旸, 杨楹, 张燕. (2013). 有自杀意念高中生的情绪和行为问题及与家庭环境的关系. 中国儿童保健杂志, 21(6), 587-590
邓勤勤. (2010). 当代大学生自杀危机及其干预(硕士学位论文). 西安电子科技大学.
符永川, 唐琪. (2015). 生活事件与心理健康的关系:气质性乐观的调节作用. 中国健康心理学杂志, 23(8), 1191-1193
韩秀, 杨宏飞. (2009). Nolen-Hoeksema反刍思维量表在中国的试用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 17(5), 550-551, 549
贺莹莹. (2008). 高中生生活事件、应对方式与心理健康的关系研究(硕士学位论文). 四川师范大学.
胡月, 樊富珉, 戴艳军, 崔宁, 赵晓威. (2016). 大学生生活事件与自杀意念:生命价值观的中介与调节作用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 24(1), 149-151, 172
胡志红. (2008). 军队医学院校大学生自杀意念及其影响因素研究(博士学位论文). 第二军医大学, 上海.
李献云, 费立鹏, 张亚利, 徐东, 童永胜, 杨甫德, 况利. (2011). Beck自杀意念量表中文版在大学学生中应用的信效度. 中国心理卫生杂志, 25(11), 862-866, doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2011.11.013
李献云, 费立鹏, 张艳萍. (2008). 负性生活事件与自杀行为研究. 中国神经精神疾病杂志, 34(3), 156-160, doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-0152.2008.03.008
刘贤臣, 刘连启, 杨杰, 柴福勋, 王爱祯, 孙良民, …, 马登岱. (1997). 青少年生活事件量表的信度效度检验. 中国临床心理学杂志, 5(1), 34-36
温忠麟, 叶宝娟. (2014). 有调节的中介模型检验方法:竞争还是替补. 心理学报, 46(5), 714-726
肖水源. (2001). 自杀危险性的临床评估. 中国医师杂志, 3(2), 87-90, doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1008-1372.2001.02.003
辛莘, 何成森. (2010). 生活事件与大学生自杀意念的关系——气质性乐观的调节作用. 社会心理科学, 25(1), 58-62
徐慧兰, 肖水源, 冯姗姗, 陈希希. (2004). 中南大学大学生自杀意念及其危险因素研究. 中华流行病学杂志, 25(4), 288-291, doi:10.3760/j.issn:0254-6450.2004.04.004
张华, 宫火良, 董晓静. (2015). 自杀归因方式与自杀意念的关系研究. 河南大学学报(社会科学版), 55(4), 115-119
周浩, 龙立荣. (2004). 共同方法偏差的统计检验与控制方法. 心理科学进展, 12(6), 942-950
周嵚, 石国兴. (2006). 积极心理学介绍. 中国心理卫生杂志, 20(2), 129-132, doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-6729.2006.02.018
周宗奎, 刘丽中, 田媛, 牛更枫. (2015). 青少年气质性乐观与心理健康的元分析. 心理与行为研究, 13(5), 655-663, doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-0628.2015.05.011
朱坚, 杨雪龙, 陈海德. (2013). 应激生活事件与大学生自杀意念的关系:冲动性人格与抑郁情绪的不同作用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 21(2), 229-231
Chan, S., Miranda, R., & Surrence, K. (2009). Subtypes of rumination in the relationship between negative life events and suicidal ideation. Archives of Suicide Research, 13(2), 123-135, doi:10.1080/13811110902835015.
Chang, E. C., Sanna, L. J., Hirsch, J. K., & Jeglic, E. L. (2010). Loneliness and negative life events as predictors of hopelessness and suicidal behaviors in hispanics:Evidence for a diathesis-stress model. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 66(12), 1242-1253, doi:10.1002/jclp.v66:12.
Eshun, S. (2000). Role of gender and rumination in suicide ideation:A comparison of college samples from Ghana and the United States. Cross-Cultural Research, 34(3), 250-263, doi:10.1177/106939710003400303.
Franklin, J. C., Ribeiro, J. D., Fox, K. R., Bentley, K. H., Kleiman, E. M., Huang, X., … Nock, M. K. (2017). Risk factors for suicidal thoughts and behaviors:A meta-analysis of 50 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 143(2), 187-232, doi:10.1037/bul0000084.
Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis:A regression-based approach. New York, NY:The Guilford Press.
Hirsch, J. K., Conner, K. R., & Duberstein, P. R. (2007). Optimism and suicide ideation among young adult college students. Archives of Suicide Research, 11(2), 177-185, doi:10.1080/13811110701249988.
Hirsch, J. K., Wolford, K., LaLonde, S. M., Brunk, L., & Morris, A. P. (2007). Dispositional optimism as a moderator of the relationship between negative life events and suicide ideation and attempts. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 31(4), 533-546, doi:10.1007/s10608-007-9151-0.
Johnson, J., Wood, A. M., Gooding, P., Taylor, P. J., & Tarrier, N. (2011). Resilience to suicidality:The buffering hypothesis. Clinical Psychology Review, 31(4), 563-591, doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2010.12.007.
Joormann, J., Dkane, M., & Gotlib, I. H. (2006). Adaptive and maladaptive components of rumination? Diagnostic specificity and relation to depressive biases. Behavior Therapy, 37(3), 269-280, doi:10.1016/j.beth.2006.01.002.
Mann, J. J., Waternaux, C., Haas, G. L., & Malone, K. M. (1999). Toward a clinical model of suicidal behavior in psychiatric patients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156(2), 181-189.
Maxwell, S. E., & Cole, D. A. (2007). Bias in cross-sectional analyses of longitudinal mediation. Psychological Methods, 12(1), 23-44, doi:10.1037/1082-989X.12.1.23.
Michl, L. C., McLaughlin, K. A., Shepherd, K., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2013). Rumination as a mechanism linking stressful life events to symptoms of depression and anxiety:Longitudinal evidence in early adolescents and adults. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 122(2), 339-352, doi:10.1037/a0031994.
Miranda, R., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2007). Brooding and reflection:Rumination predicts suicidal ideation at 1-year follow-up in a community sample. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45(12), 3088-3095, doi:10.1016/j.brat.2007.07.015.
Miranda, R., Tsypes, A., Gallagher, M., & Rajappa, K. (2013). Rumination and hopelessness as mediators of the relation between perceived emotion dysregulation and suicidal ideation. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 37(4), 786-795, doi:10.1007/s10608-013-9524-5.
Muller, D., Judd, C. M., & Yzerbyt, V. Y. (2005). When moderation is mediated and mediation is moderated. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(6), 852-863, doi:10.1037/0022-3514.89.6.852.
Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1991). Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100(4), 569-582, doi:10.1037/0021-843X.100.4.569.
Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Morrow, J. (1991). A prospective study of depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms after a natural disaster:The 1989 loma prieta earthquake. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(1), 115-121, doi:10.1037/0022-3514.61.1.115.
Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Parker, L. E., & Larson, J. (1994). Ruminative coping with depressed mood following loss. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(1), 92-104, doi:10.1037/0022-3514.67.1.92.
Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wolfson, A., Mumme, D., & Guskin, K. (1995). Helplessness in children of depressed and nondepressed mothers. Developmental Psychology, 31(3), 377-387, doi:10.1037/0012-1649.31.3.377.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research:A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879-903, doi:10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879.
Reyes-Rodríguez, M. L., Rivera-Medina, C. L., Cámara-Fuentes, L., Suárez-Torres, A., & Bernal, G. (2013). Depression symptoms and stressful life events among college students in Puerto Rico. Journal of Affective Disorders, 145(3), 324-330, doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.08.010.
Reynolds, W. M. (1988). Suicidal ideation questionnaire (SIQ):Professional manual. Odessa:Psychological Assessment Resources.
Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1985). Optimism, coping, and health:Assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies. Health Psychology, 4(3), 219-247, doi:10.1037/0278-6133.4.3.219.
Scheier, M. F., Carver, C. S., & Bridges, M. W. (1994). Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem):A reevaluation of the life orientation test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(6), 1063-1078, doi:10.1037/0022-3514.67.6.1063.
Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). Learned optimism:How to change your mind and your life. New York:Vintage.
Sha, F., Yip, P. S., & Law, Y. W. (2016). Decomposing change in China's suicide rate:1990-2010:Ageing and urbanisation. Injury Prevention, 23(1), 40-45.
Smith, J. M., Alloy, L. B., & Abramson, L. Y. (2006). Cognitive vulnerability to depression, rumination, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation:Multiple pathways to self-injurious thinking. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 36(4), 443-454, doi:10.1521/suli.2006.36.4.443.
Tucker, R. P., Wingate, L. R. R., O'Keefe, V. M., Mills, A. C., Rasmussen, K., Davidson, D. L., & Granta, D. M. (2013). Rumination and suicidal ideation:The moderating roles of hope and optimism. Personality and Individual Differences, 55(5), 606-611, doi:10.1016/j.paid.2013.05.013.
Wang, C. W., Chan, C. L. W., & Yip, P. S. F. (2014). Suicide rates in China from 2002 to 2011:An update. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 49(6), 929-941, doi:10.1007/s00127-013-0789-5.
Watkins, E., Moulds, M., & Mackintosh, B. (2005). Comparisons between rumination and worry in a non-clinical population. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 43(12), 1577-1585, doi:10.1016/j.brat.2004.11.008.
Zhang, J., Sun, L., Liu, Y. X., & Zhang, J. W. (2014). The change in suicide rates between 2002 and 2011 in China. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 44(5), 560-568, doi:10.1111/sltb.2014.44.issue-5.

[1]	李甜甜, 徐鹤文. 大学生自我概念清晰性与社交焦虑的关系：多重中介效应分析[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(5): 700-706.
[2]	郝喜玲, 陈煊, 刘依冉. 失败恐惧对大学生失败学习的影响：一个有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(5): 707-713.
[3]	刘建榕, 谢林君, 郑琳. 社会性发展迟滞大学生的情绪韵律识别特点[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(5): 714-720.
[4]	李娇娇, 刘晓冰, 裴丹丹, 徐碧波, 尹锡杨. 情绪智力对大学生恶意创造力的影响：一个有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(4): 563-569.
[5]	尹静, 李传英, 马世超, 徐瑜姣, 李永升. 大学生人格与手机依赖的关系：压力感知的中介与性别的调节作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(3): 426-432.
[6]	姜琨, 兰泽波, 孙晓铜, 丁晓辉, 陶佳雨. 听障大学生社会支持对学业自我效能感的影响：心理韧性的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2022, 20(1): 96-100.
[7]	杨雪, 雷江华. 阅读能力对听障大学生语音编码的调节作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(5): 599-605.
[8]	朱莹莹, 马晓晴, 唐卓仪, 杨敏齐. 睡眠类型对大学生抑郁的影响：一个有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(5): 657-664,694.
[9]	彭顺, 胡祥恩. 大学生压力与疲劳的关系：一个有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(4): 563-570.
[10]	陈佩儀, 陈瑜, 杨雪岭. 中庸思维对大学生抑郁症状的影响机制：消极认知情绪调节策略的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(4): 571-576.
[11]	彭丽仪, 胡义秋, 曾子豪, 詹林. 儿童期受虐经历对大学生抑郁的影响：神经质人格和MAOA基因rs3027407多态性的作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(2): 230-236.
[12]	闫广芬, 姜琨, 兰泽波, 丁晓辉. 听障大学生社会支持对适应的影响：心理韧性的中介作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(2): 252-257.
[13]	刘昕, 刘晓雯. 负性生活事件与儿童反应性攻击性之间的关系：一个有多重中介变量的结构方程模型[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(1): 82-88.
[14]	张野, 苑波, 王凯, 申婷. 冲动性特质对高中生自杀意念的影响：校园排斥与生命意义感的作用[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2021, 19(1): 89-95.
[15]	刘羽, 杨洋, 王晨旭, 杨亚楠, 贾绪计, 白学军, 林琳. 校园氛围和负性情绪对青少年自杀意念的影响：一项交叉滞后研究[J]. 心理与行为研究, 2020, 18(6): 784-790.