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20 May 2018, Volume 16 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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The Influence of Reverse Thinking and Analogical Thinking on the Anchoring Effect LIU Jinping, LIU Jianxun 2018, 16(3):  289-294,307.  Abstract ( )   PDF (917KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics A total of 120 undergraduates were investigated by self-made questionnaires based on the classical study paradigm of anchoring effect. Experiment 1 examines whether the two methods of thinking can reduce the effect of the anchoring effect by comparing the participants’ inverse thinking and the analogical thinking of the coping scheme. In the past, the time pressure in the same kind of research as a significant influencing factor will have a significant impact on the final outcome. Experiment 2 added time pressure on the basis of experiment 1 to investigate whether the high time pressure could invalidate the coping scheme. The results show that the strategies of reverse thinking and analogical thinking can reduce the effect of anchoring effect, and the response scheme is still effective under high time pressure.This result further suggests that when making decisions, people need to think critically,and be a rational decision maker.

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The Role of the Quality of Object-based Representation in Semantic Object-based Attention LYU Yong, LI Zhuyang, LIU Lu, ZHANG Jie 2018, 16(3):  295-299.  Abstract ( )   PDF (557KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics In the present study, we wanted to investigate whether under different quality of object-based representation conditions, the high quality of object-based representation and the low quality of object-based representation, we could both find object-based attention effect, and what the role of the quality of object-based representation was in object-based attention effect. The results were as follows: There was a significant object-based attention effect under the high quality of semantic object-based representation condition, but more importantly, we did not find a significant object-based attention effect under the low quality of semantic object-based representation condition. These results indicated that the quality of object representation played an important role in the generation of the semantic object-based attention effect.

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Effect of Feedback Value on Family Resemble Category Learning:An ERPs Study XING Qiang, SUN Hailong, CHE Jingshang 2018, 16(3):  300-307.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1696KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Using event related potential (ERPs), college students were used as participants, and the effect of feedback valence (positive feedback, negative feedback) on the family resemblance category learning was designed and tested. The results showed that, in behavioral level, participants in the negative feedback group get higher test scores than those in positive feedback group; in physiological level, that four kinds of ERPs were evoked by negative feedback and positive feedback, they were P200, P300, and FRN respectively. Feedback presented after 300~400 ms, correct the negative feedback on the reaction conditions than under conditions induce positive feedback correction P300. Feedback presented after 200-300 ms, the reaction to errors and negative feedback positive feedback under both induce production of FRN, and FRN under negative feedback was significantly greater than average volatility under positive feedback. Therefore, in studying family resemblance material, negative feedback is more effective, error-driven play a greater role.

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Verbal Working Memory and Reading Ability of Chinese Children with Double-deficit Developmental Dyslexia TAN Ke, MA Jie, LIAN Kunyu, GUO Zhiying, BAI Xuejun 2018, 16(3):  308-314,354.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1004KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The purpose of current study was to investigate the verbal working memory and reading ability of Chinese children with developmental dyslexia who were classified as the double-deficit dyslexics. Twenty-five double-deficit dyslexic children (DD) and their chronological age controls (CA), as well as the reading level controls (RL) participated in the study. All children were tested on tasks of digit span, character span, 1-minute words reading, and 3-minute sentence reading. Their span of digit and character, fluency of words and sentence reading, accuracy and comprehension of sentence reading were calculated and compared. The results: DD showed a significant lower span of digit, smaller word and sentence count, and worse reading comprehension than CA; but no significant was found between DD and RL. DD also exhibited a lower accuracy than CA and RL. The results indicate that DD who are classified as double-deficit dyslexics expressed developmental delay and obvious impairment in working memory and reading.

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The Influence of Visual Working Memory on Attentional Control in Basketball LIU Hanjunlan, ZHAO Shouying, GUO haihui 2018, 16(3):  315-320.  Abstract ( )   PDF (571KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Using search paradigm to examined the influence of basketball palyers difference in visual working memory capacity on attentional control. The results showed that: there is nearly significant difference between high and low visual working memory capacity basketball players in attentional control, the performances of high visual woking memory capacity players are better than low visual working memoty capacity players. Visual working memory contents influence attentional control, which was based on whether the properties of memory item matched the target item. Moreover, the effects of visual working memory contents on attentional control were not constrained by visual working memory capacity.

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The Influence of Emotional Perception and Interpersonal Distance on Altruistic Option REN Yu, HAO Fang 2018, 16(3):  321-326.  Abstract ( )   PDF (735KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Social mindfulness is being thoughtful needs and wishes of others, and making other-regarding choice. The present study examines that 1) different interpersonal distance perception of interpersonal relationship impacted social mindfulness. Participants were more altruistic option in the friends’ condition than in the strangers’ condition or parents’ condition; 2) different interpersonal distance perception of facial emotional expressions leaded very different altruistic option of social mindfulness. Results across the two studies supported that the role of interpersonal distance perception on the altruistic option of social mindfulness was very important.

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The Influence of Psychological Distance and Life-impact on the Risk Decision-making Involving Physical Safety REN Yubing, DU Xiufang 2018, 16(3):  327-334.  Abstract ( )   PDF (628KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Previous studies found that people often had different risk preference when they made decisions for themselves or for different others. But the result is not always the case when it comes to the decision scenarios with different life-impact. To explore the difference of risk preference for themselves or for others when decision makers facing different life-impact tasks in physical safety scenarios, in experiment 1 we manipulated the psychological distance by interpersonal closeness, and life-impact by the extent of negative effect the decision caused. The results showed that participants were more risk seeking in low life-impact scenarios than in high life-impact scenarios. Regardless of the life-impact was high or not, participants’ decisions for themselves and strangers were riskier than for the best friends. This result might be related to the perceived decision responsibility. So in experiment 2 the variable of decision responsibility was introduced to explore whether it mediated the effect of psychological distance on risk decision, and the result verified our hypothesis.

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Different Evaluations on Inhibition Function in Trait Anxiety:An ERP Study LIANG Limei, LI Jiagen, JIA Jiangxiao, SONG Haixiu, LEI Yi, LI Hong, ZHANG Wenhai 2018, 16(3):  335-341.  Abstract ( )   PDF (868KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Since individuals with trait anxiety are susceptible to anxiety disorders and exhibit threatening attentional bias, their inhibition function are impaired in the central executive system. However, it is not clear how different emotional evaluation stimuli will affect inhibition function in individuals with trait anxiety. To this end, event-related potentials were recorded from college student groups with high trait anxiety (HTA) and low trait anxiety(LTA) while they performed antisaccade tasks and prosaccade tasks under positive evaluation, negative evaluation, and no evaluation condition. The results indicated that error rate of HTA group was higher than LTA group; reaction time of HTA group was slower than LTA group in antisaccade tasks of positive evaluation. Moreover, the P3b amplitudes in positive evaluation were higher than negative evaluation of LTA group, while no significant evaluation differences were found in the HTA group. These observations suggest that positive evaluation harms inhibition function in individuals with high trait anxiety, while negative evaluation promotes inhibition function in individuals with high trait anxiety.

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The Effects of Inhibition Control Training in Mobile Phone Dependency College Students DING Xiangling, ZU Jing, ZHANG Xiangkui 2018, 16(3):  342-348.  Abstract ( )   PDF (609KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The research filters 60 subjects from 548 college students by using the mobile phone addiction scale and cell phone use time records, 60 mobile phone dependency users were randomly assigned to the intervention group and the non-intervention group to conduct the experiment. It is expected that by carrying out the inhibition control training in the intervention group, the mobile phone dependency students' inhibition control ability can increase and their mobile phone dependence can descend. It is found that subjects in the intervention group for 8 weeks of inhibitory control training, mobile phones addiction scale total scores and mobile phone use time decreased significantly than the intervention group, compared inhibitory control ability to ascend.The results showed that the inhibitory control training had obvious effect on the intervention of college students.

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The Relationship Between Stress and Subjective Well-being Among Adolescents:A Mediated Moderation Model JIANG Xiaowen, JIANG Yuan, TIAN Li, FANG Ping 2018, 16(3):  349-354.  Abstract ( )   PDF (746KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics A sample of 461 adolescents (184 males, 277 females) was randomly recruited for the study, The present study examined the associations between stress, anxiety, self-compassion and subjective well-being. Meanwhile, hierarchical regression analyses were applied to test the effects of stress on subjective well-being as well as the moderating role of self-compassion and the mediating role of anxiety after controlling demographic variables. Our findings are as follows: 1) There was significant negative correlation between stress and subjective well-being, which ensured that the supposed variables could be analyzed as mediators; 2) Regression analysis showed that self-compassion acted as a moderator between the relationship of stress and subjective well-being; 3) The moderating effect of self-compassion was completely mediated by anxiety.

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The Reproduction Advantage of Different Sex Influences Sex Preference:Evidence From Eye Movements LIU Yi, JIAO Jiangli, WEN Suxia 2018, 16(3):  355-361.  Abstract ( )   PDF (510KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics From the perspective of evolutionary psychology, sex preference is adaptive. Humans adjust sex ratio and sex investment to maximize themselves' reproduction. Our study focused on the effects of sex preference with different sex reproductive advantage. Study 1, we manipulated the levels of male reproductive advantage by cuing participants that they had different amount of resource(money) and found that: participants preferred male offspring to female offspring when male reproductive advantage was high, yet preferred female offspring more than male offspring when male reproductive advantage was low. Study 2, we manipulated the levels of female reproductive advantage by cuing participants that the current sexual relationships were stable or unstable and the paternity uncertainty were low or high and found that: the degree of girls preference (the fixation time that participants gazed at girls minus that at boys) was stronger when the female reproductive advantage was high than the female reproductive advantage was low. These studies suggested which sex of offspring that parents prefer to are uncertain, it dues to which sex of offspring has more fittest.

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Influence of Mind Wandering and Working Memory on Junior High School Students' Reading Comprehension KONG Haiyan, SUN Yu, SONG Guangwen 2018, 16(3):  362-370,377.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1097KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Mind wandering (for short as MW) is a non-autonomous endogenous consciousness experience due to individual spontaneous inner causes, which is a special attention dispersion state. To explore whether mind wandering as a personal trait and transient state of consciousness and working memory affect junior high school students' reading comprehension,101 junior high school students took participant in MW questionnaires, SART and WM experiments. The results showed that: 1) mind wandering of junior high school students was relatively low; 2) mind wandering frequency showed a significant main effect on prose reading; 3) mind wandering frequency moderated the main effect of working memory span, which directly affect prose reading.

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The Effect of the Identity of New Generation Migrant Workers on the Implicit Intergroup Aggression:The Moderating Effect of Implicit Collective Self-esteem ZHANG Shuhua, FAN Yangyang 2018, 16(3):  371-377.  Abstract ( )   PDF (601KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics In order to explore the relationship between identity and implicit intergroup aggression in the framework of social identity theory, and analyzing the implication of implicit collective self-esteem in the influence of identity on implicit intergroup aggression, this paper used implicit IAT test and questionnaire to investigate 424 new generation migrant workers ,and the result indicated that: 1)The implicit in-group and out-group aggression of new generation migrant workers that having farmer identity both in explicit and implicit are higher than the new generation migrant workers that having urbanite identity both in explicit and implicit. The implicit in-group aggression of new generation migrant workers that had a farmer identity both in explicit and implicit aspects are higher than it implicit out-group aggression and unclear group aggression. The implicit out-group aggression of new generation migrant workers that having urbanite identity both in explicit and implicit are higher than it implicit aggression of in-group. 2) The implicit self-esteem moderate the influence of new generation migrant workers that having farmer identity both in explicit and implicit to the implicit in-group aggression, and there is no significant impact of implicit self-esteem on implicit intergroup aggression of new generation migrant workers that having urbanite identity both in explicit. The results of the study revealed the moderating effect of implicit collective self-esteem between the identity and implicit intergroup aggression, which enriches the theory of social identity.

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Gratitude Facilitates Self-Control PING Anjun, PENG Kaiping 2018, 16(3):  378-383,420.  Abstract ( )   PDF (968KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics It has been found that gratitude attenuates temporal discounting. However, it remains unclear whether this effect is out of consideration for future consequences or immediate consequences, which predicts self-control more strongly. We investigate the relationship between gratitude and self-control on both trait and state level with two studies. Study 1 demonstrated that trait gratitude was positively correlated with trait self-control. The correlation held significant even after positive affect trait was controlled. Study 2 showed that induction of state gratitude emotion effectively compensated ego-depletion, and thus facilitated state self-control. Implications of the findings and future directions were discussed.

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The Working Memory Ability of Internet Addicts:An ERP Study HOU Juan, HOU Yingying, CHEN Shuangyi, FANG Xiaoyi 2018, 16(3):  384-393.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1050KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics This study aimed to explore internet addicts and non-internet addicts in the verbal working memory task and visual working memory task in the face of internet-related stimuli and internet-unrelated stimuli. By using vocabulary and picture materials, 30 internet addicts and 30 non-internet addicts performed a parametric n-back task with increasing working memory (WM) load (2-Back), while the EEG was recorded during they performed the task. The results found that: 1) in visual working memory task, compared with the internet-related pictures, two groups on the internet-related pictures were significantly longer, and the correct rate is significantly lower, while no significant differences were found in verbal working memory task; 2) the amplitude of N2 induced by internet-related pictures in non-addicts was significantly higher than that of the internet-unrelated pictures, and the amplitude of P3 induced by internet-related pictures in internet-addicts was significantly higher than the internet-unrelated pictures. It can be concluded that for internet-addicts the differences exist in the early processing on internet-related stimulus of verbal working memory and visual working memory, and internet-addicts have lower visual working memory ability on internet-related pictures.

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How Does Organizational Climate Effect on Knowledgeable Employee Engagement:Based on the Mediation of Job Burnout LIU Jinpei, ZHU Lei, NI Qing 2018, 16(3):  394-401.  Abstract ( )   PDF (627KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics The personal perception of organizational climate is an important factor which affects employee engagement and promotes the level of employee engagement. In this paper, 168 teachers from different universities throughout the country are selected as the study objects. The influences of each dimension of organizational climate to the knowledge-based employee are explored. By empirical analysis of samples, we conclude that 1) each dimension of organizational climate affects the employee engagement positively, 2) the support from the organization and the significance of work have a significant effect on employee engagement, 3) and the job burnout plays an intermediary role for the support from the organization support, work significance and employee engagement. The results demonstrate that the mechanism of action of the job burnout which is an intermediary variant of transmission mechanism.

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The Effect of Team Learning Climate on Team Psychological Capital:A Social Information Processing Perspective ZOU Yanchun, PENG Jian, YIN Tianbin 2018, 16(3):  402-407.  Abstract ( )   PDF (650KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Drawing on social information processing theory, this paper examined whether team learning climate and its three dimensions could exert effect on team psychological capital. Using the data of 122 teams across various cities in China, this paper conducted regression analysis. The results showed that team learning climate positively predicted team psychological safety overall; Besides, the three dimensions of team learning climate, namely safety climate, participant in decision-making and open communication also had a positive predictive effect on team psychological capital.

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Chinese Overseas Students' Acculturation Orientations and Career Adaptability:The Mediation Role of Career Exploration YE Lihui, WANG Jian 2018, 16(3):  408-413.  Abstract ( )   PDF (680KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics A survey study was conducted to among 141 Chinese students who had overseas learning experiences by using the acculturation orientation scale, career exploration scale and career adaptability scale, in order to examine how overseas experience affected their career development. The results showed that: 1) Both host orientation and home orientation positively predicted students' career exploration and career adaptability. 2) Career exploration had a strong positive relationship with career adaptability; it also fully mediated the effect of host orientation and partially mediated the effect of home orientation on career adaptability.

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The Impact of Social Motivation and Self-Others on Creative Performance ZHANG Ke, DU Xiumin, DONG Xiaofei 2018, 16(3):  414-420.  Abstract ( )   PDF (670KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Previous studies have found that the creative performance for oneself are different from the creative performance for others, but the findings are inconsistent. In addition, considering that the social motivation is an important factor for influencing self-others’ performance, this study used 2 (social motivation: prosocial, proself) × 2 (self-others: self, others) mixed design to investigate how social motivation and self-others influence creative performance. The results showed that individuals in prosocial motivation group got higher score in creative performance and its two dimensions (novelty and validity). These findings lend support to motivated information processing theory. And the participates who created for themselves got higher score in creative performance and its novelty dimension. The results were different with the perspective of construal level theory. The reason may be that under the background of “tight” culture in the oriental country, when people create for others based on the value system approved by the society, their attitude towards novelty is cautious, and they create more novel for themselves than for others.

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Study on Student Satisfaction of College Entrepreneurship Education Based on PLS-SEM ZHOU Yindong, LI Quansheng, XU Ke 2018, 16(3):  421-426.  Abstract ( )   PDF (668KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics Based on models of student satisfaction index on higher education, this paper constructs a model of student satisfaction index on college entrepreneurship education, investigates 2052 students of two universities in Tianjin City which entrepreneurship education are typical, and then analyzes causal relationships among structural variables by PLS-SEM. The results show that student expectation, quality perception and value perception affect student satisfaction directly and positively, student satisfaction affects student loyalty directly and positively, and that college image do not directly affect student satisfaction but indirectly and positively influence student satisfaction by quality perception and value perception. The model utility analysis shows that student satisfaction is mainly defined by the direct utility of students expectation & quality perception and the indirect utility of students expectation through influencing quality perception & value perception. Finally this paper puts forward suggestions for improving the quality of college entrepreneurship education.

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The Effect of Perceived Social Support on Life Satisfaction of People with disabilities:The Mediating Role of Self-esteem and the Moderating Role of Communication LI Xin, LIU Fengbo 2018, 16(3):  427-432.  Abstract ( )   PDF (598KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics In this thesis, we surveyed 600 people with disabilities by using the questionnaires, and examined the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between perceived social support and life satisfaction of people with disabilities and whether this process was moderated by communication. The results indicated that: 1)Self-esteem completely mediate the relationship between perceived social support and life satisfaction. 2)The mediating role of self-esteem is moderated by communication, and the communication moderates the second half process of perceived social support- self-esteem- life Satisfaction. As a result, the effect of perceived social support on life satisfaction of people with disabilities is a moderated mediator. This research had a reference value to improve the life satisfaction of people with disabilities and guide the relevant theoretical research.