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    20 January 2019, Volume 17 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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    The Role of Semantic Relationship between Different Scenes in Semantic Associated Judgment
    KANG Tinghu, WU Chenjing
    2019, 17(1):  1-7. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (630KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    The present study conducted two experiments to explore whether there was semantic relationship between different scenes, and the characteristics of eye movement in the process of semantic scene categorizes. Experiment 1 used single factor within-subject design and asked 32 participants to judge the relationship between both scenes. The results showed that subjects' response time for semantic relationship scene was lower than non-semantic relationship scene in semantic relationship judgment tasks. Eye movement paradigm was applied in experiment 2 to researched the information processing during semantic relationship judgement, and 27 college students participated this study. The results showed that average fixation pupil size in thematic categorization condition was lower than in taxonomic categorization condition. The change of dwell time was in accordance with the judgment of semantic relationship. Furthermore, there was not difference in first fixation duration between different interest areas, but there was significant difference in regression counts, and regression path duration. These results implied that semantic relationship judgment was promoted by semantic relationship from different scenes, and the taxonomic categorization disturbed probably by low-level scene perception.
    Attention Capture was Guided by the Contents of Non-semantic Coding Visual Working Memory: Evidence from ERPs
    YANG Haibo, NIU Lili, YIN Shasha, BAI Xuejun
    2019, 17(1):  8-14. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (730KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    In order to explore the moderating effect of non-semantic coding information on attention capture in visual working memory and the stages of such moderating effect, the 2-D abstractly symmetric graphics were chose as materials and visual search paradigm was used. The ERPs of seventeen graduate participants were recorded to investigate the electrophysiological mechanism of the effects of different visual working memory contents on attention capture. The visual working memory contents were divided into three conditions:ipsilateral invalid information、contralateral invalid information and neutral information. The results demonstrated that:The RTs of the invalid information (ipsilateral, contralateral) conditions were significantly longer than neutral condition.The N2pc was enhanced under the condition of ipsilateral invalid information. The amplitude of the P300 was greater on ipsilateral invalid information and contralateral invalid information relative to neutral condition. The results suggested that the distractors with the same characteristics as non-semantic coding items in visual working memory gained the competitive advantage of attention resources and interfered with the attentional capture of target stimuli during the middle stage of attention processing of visual search. And this effect lasted to the late processing stage of attention.
    L1 Korean L2 Chinese Learners' Processing of V+N1+de+N2: An Eye Movement Research
    ZHAO Shuai, LU Shiyi, CHEN Jing, LU Zhixuan, KUANG Liuxing, DENG Yujun, FU Chen
    2019, 17(1):  15-23. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (665KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    The goal of this study is to explore the L2 sentence processing mechanism by conducting an eye movement experiment on 28 native speakers of Chinese and 28 Korean-speaking learners of Chinese with high proficiency. It has been found in both two groups of participants that semantics and context take effect in processing syntactic ambiguity (V+N1+de+N2) at an early stage, which supports Interactive Model, Constraint-based Model and Convergence Hypothesis.
    The Effect of Tone Duration on Chinese Word Recognition
    YU Miao, DING Tongfei
    2019, 17(1):  24-30. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (540KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    This study examined the effect of tone duration on Chinese word recognition. Two experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, we explored the duration of the four tones in Chinese by using acoustic analysis. The results showed that the duration of tone 3 was the longest, the duration of tone 4 was the shortest, but no significant difference between tone 1 and tone 2 was found. In Experiment 2, part-of-speech decision tasks were employed. We examined the effect of tone duration on word recognition. The results showed that the reaction time of tone 3 was longer than tone 4 under the condition of low frequency words. This conclusion supports the Implicit Prosody Hypothesis.
    Resilience and Mental Health in Children and Youth: A Meta-Analysis
    LIU Wen, YU Zengyan, LIN Danhua
    2019, 17(1):  31-37. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (548KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    A systematic review was conducted to study the relationship between resilience and mental health in children and youth. A total of 42 independent effect sizes (27 studies, 25911 participants) were included in the meta-analysis according to the inclusion criteria. The results of random-effects model revealed that trait resilience was positively correlated to positive indicators of mental health (r=0.47) and negatively correlated to negative indicators of mental health (r=-0.38). The moderate effect analysis showed that group type and negative outcome type may moderate the relationship between trait resilience and mental health. These results indicated that resilience intervention may be important helpful to resist against harmful effects of adversity and promote positive mental health in children and youth.
    The Influence of Parenting Style on 2-Years-Old Children's Social Development: Moderating Effect of Children's Temperament
    ZHANG Guangzhen, WANG Sang, LIANG Zongbao, DENG Huihua
    2019, 17(1):  38-47,74. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1148KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    The current research aimed at exploring the relation of fathers' parenting style and children's temperament to children's social development. Fathers of three hundred and fifty-five toddlers (182 boys, and 173 girls, Mage=25.51 months, SD=1.19) were asked to report their parenting style, children's temperament, and children's social development. Results demonstrated that:1) Children whose fathers were more strict had more internalizing problems, and children whose fathers encouraged achievement and independence had fewer externalizing problems and more competence; 2) Children with higher inhibitory control had more social competence, and children with higher level of shyness had more internalizing problems; 3) The interaction of fathers' strictness and children's inhibitory control predicted children's internalizing problems; the interaction of fathers' encouragement of sociability and social protection and children's sociability predicted children's internalizing, externalizing problems, and children's social competence. These results indicate that fathers play an important role in children's social development, and the effect of paternal parenting on children's social development varies with children's temperament.
    Migration Children's Inferiority and Perceived Academic Self-efficacy: The Moderating Role of Emotion Regulation Strategies
    WANG Daoyang, WEI Wei, YIN Xin
    2019, 17(1):  48-55. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (722KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    The study discussed the difference effect of inferiority complex on academic self efficacy (basic sense of ability and control) and the moderating effect of emotion regulation strategies of migration children. The effective questionnaires were 730, and the effective rate was 87.43%. 730 effective subjects aged 9~17 years, average. Results showed:1) The negative predictive effect of inferiority complex on the basic sense of ability and control were significant, and the predictive effect of inferiority complex on the sense of control was significantly higher than that of the basic sense of ability. 2) The predictive effect of the expression suppression strategy (N-restrain, N-vent) on the basic sense of ability was significant. The interaction between N-restrain and inferiority complex was not significant, but N-vent was significant. The predictive effect of the cognitive re-evaluation strategy (P-value, N-neglect, N-value) and expression suppression strategy (P-vent) on the sense of control were significant. And the interaction between P-value and inferiority complex was significant. To sum up, first of all, the negative predictive effect of the migration children' inferiority complex on the sense of control was higher than that on the basic sense of ability, and only the expression suppression (N-restrain, N-vent) had a positive predictive effect on the sense of control. The emotion regulation strategy of expression suppression (N-vent) has a moderating effect on the relationship between inferiority complex and the basic sense of ability, and the expression suppression strategy would occupy a certain cognitive resources, so as to reduce the predictive effect of inferiority complex on the basic sense of ability on the whole. Secondly, the cognitive re-evaluation strategy (P-value, N-neglect, N-value) and expression suppression strategy (P-vent) had a predictive effect on the sense of control of academic self-efficacy of migration children, and the cognitive re-evaluation strategy (P-value, N-value) had a moderating effect on the relationship between inferiority complex and the basic sense of ability. When cognitive re-evaluation strategy works, it would reduce the physiological response, and it would not interfere with the completion of cognitive activities.
    Materialism and Well-being Among Adolescents: Mediating Effect of Self-esteem
    GUO Boda, ZHANG Lixin, ZHANG Zhen
    2019, 17(1):  56-62. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (555KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    This study investigated the relationship between materialism and well-being, and the mediating role of self-esteem among adolescents. Material Values Scale-C, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Index of Well-being were used to assess the value of materialism, self-esteem, and subjective well-being, respectively. A total of 577 students from three junior schools were investigated. The results indicated that, materialism was negatively related to well-being and self-esteem; self-esteem partially mediated the relationship between materialism and well-being; specifically, self-esteem partially mediated materialism success and well-being, materialism centrality and well-being, and fully mediated materialism happiness and well-being. The present study suggests that materialism would indirectly affect adolescents' well-being through self-esteem.
    Influence of Value Orientation on Generalized Trust: Analysis of Multiple Mediation Effect
    ZHANG Zhen, QI Chunhui, YANG Shaofeng, ZHAO Zhijun, GAO Xiaolei, XIONG Jianping
    2019, 17(1):  63-67,90. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (932KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    The aim of the research was to examine the relationship and mechanism of value orientation, empathy concern, perspective taking and generalized trust. Totally 329 college students were selected to assessed with the Slider Measures, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index-C and the Propensity to Trust Survey. The results indicated that:1) Various significant positive correlations were found among value orientation, empathy concern, perspective taking and generalized trust; 2) value orientation, empathy concern and perspective taking had positive effect on generalized trust; 3) empathy concern and perspective taking played multiple mediation effect between value orientation and generalized trust.
    A study on the Development of Adolescents' Psychological Wellbeing in Learning
    DONG Jun, LI Hongyu
    2019, 17(1):  68-74. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (552KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    In order to assess the reliability and validity of EPOCH psychological wellbeing scale among Chinese adolescents, the present study investigated 417 primary and secondary school students. With another sample of 1759 primary and middle school students, this scale was administrated. It was found that the key school students were significantly higher in Engagement, Perseverance, Optimism, Connectedness and Happiness than the general school students, and girls were significantly higher than boys in Perseverance and Connectedness. With the increase in grade, all of the adolescent's score patterns on Engagement, Perseverance, Optimism, Connectedness and Happiness showed a decreasing trend.
    Retroactive Inhibition Effect of Higher-level Cognition on Emotional Contagion: With Examples of Teaching Activities
    ZHANG Qiyong, LU Jiaxi, LU Jiamei
    2019, 17(1):  75-82. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (671KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    In the research, the experiment condition was classroom activities. We adopted within-subjects design to study the retroactive inhibition effect of higher-level cognition on emotional contagion. The experiment consisted of two modules, in which we studied the retroactive inhibition effects of higher-level cognition on positive or negative emotional contagion respectively. We played two kinds of teaching videos to students through a emulation teaching system. Meanwhile, the students' physiological data were recorded by eight-channel biofeedback instrument when students watched videos. The experimental results indicated that students got "infected" by the teacher's emotion when they watched the video of "express emotion properly", in which the teacher recited emotionless text with emotion, compared with the video of "express emotion improperly", in which teacher's reciting emotion was contrary to the textual affection. In contrast, emotional contagion wouldn't occur when students watched the video of "express emotion improperly", whatever the teacher's emotion was positive or negative. It was suggested that students' higher cognition retroactively inhibited emotional contagion from the teacher.
    Expertise Reversal Effect in the Use of Advance Organizer Strategy in Text Learning
    ZHANG Dongmei, LU Haidong
    2019, 17(1):  83-90. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (741KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    The aim of this paper is to explore whether the expertise reversal effect will appear in the use of advance organizer strategy in text learning, and to verify the cognitive load and motive causes of the effect. 240 college students participated in the study; each participant was allocated to one cell of 2 (prior knowledge)×4 (advance organizer type) between-subjects factorial design. The results showed that:1) The partial expertise reversal effect appeared in the use of advance organizer strategy in text learning, the learning scores of students with lower levels of prior knowledge receiving text and model organizer condition and model organizer condition were higher than text organizer and no advance organizer conditions, but there was no significant difference between students with higher prior knowledge in four kinds of advance organizers. 2) The efforts and mental workload scores of students with lower levels of prior knowledge in text with model organizer and model organizer conditions were lower than the text organizer and no advance organizer conditions, and the interest scores of text with model organizer were higher than the no advance organizer conditions; the efforts, mental workload and interest scores of students with higher levels of prior knowledge had no significant difference in the four advance organizer conditions. Conclusion:In the text learning, the partial expertise reversal effect has appeared in the use of advance organizer strategy; the text with model organizer and model organizer may be more suitable for the students with lower levels of prior knowledge, and the students with higher levels of prior knowledge may be more suitable for direct teaching; this study confirmed cognitive load and motivation explanations of expertise reversal effect.
    The Explicit and Implicit Correlation of College Students' Psychological Suzhi Level and the Positive and Negative Emotions
    ZHANG Juan, ZHANG Dajun
    2019, 17(1):  91-96. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (586KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    In order to understand the relationship between the psychological Suzhi and the positive and negative emotions of college students, the questionnaire and the experiment were used from the explicit and implicit level. In the first study, 1685 college students were investigated. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the level of psychological Suzhi and positive emotions, and negatively correlated with negative emotions. In the second study, with a total of 71 college students as subjects, the implicit attitude of positive and negative emotions of college students with different levels of psychological Suzhi was investigated by means of Brief Implicit Association Test. The results showed that the students with high level of psychological Suzhi had the tendency to associate the self-words with the positive emotional words automatically, and to associate the other-words with the negative ones, College students with high psychological Suzhi had stronger implicit positive emotion attitude. There is no significant correlation between implicit and explicit tests, they belong to different constructs.
    The Effect of Parenting Stress on Marital Quality in Newborn Baby Parents: The Mediating Effect of Spouse Support
    HOU Juan, PAN Xuefei, MA Meijing, LAN Jing, JU Xiaoyan, FANG Xiaoyi
    2019, 17(1):  97-106. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (747KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    The study examined the effect of parenting stress on marital quality, and further explores the mediating effect of spouse support. We used the Quality of Marriage Index, Parenting Stress Scale and Support in Intimate Relationships Rating Scale to survey 90 pairs of newborn baby parents. We took actor-partner interdependence model for data processing, and the results found that:(1) husband and wife's parenting stress, marital quality, and their perceived spouse support were all significantly positively correlated. (2) The parenting stress of husbands not only have a significant effect on their own marital quality, and also significantly impacted on their spouses' marital quality. (3) The perceived spouse support of husbands played an important role to mediate the effect of parenting stress on marital quality.
    Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Survivors Five and a Half Years after the Wenchuan Earthquake: Based on DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria
    FANG Ruojiao, CAO Chengqi, LI Gen, ZHANG Jianxin, WANG Li
    2019, 17(1):  107-113. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (539KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    In the current study we investigated prevalence of DSM-5 PTSD in a sample of Wenchuan earthquake survivors five and a half years after the disaster. 1196 people completed the investigation including demographic information, PCL-5 and traumatic exposure. The prevalence of probable PTSD was 13.8%. The significant predictive factors for severity of PTSD included older age, lower educational level, witness of mutilated bodies and death of family member. Findings of this study indicated that PTSD was a common mental health problem among survivors after disaster and its effects still existed for a long time.
    The Influence of Counterproductive Work Behavior on Employees' Negative Job-related Affect: The Moderating Role of Conscientiousness
    XU Shiyong, LIU Yanjun, WANG Zhen, ZHU Jinqiang
    2019, 17(1):  114-118,133. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (911KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    This study aims to explore the influence of counterproductive work behavior on employees' negative job-related affect and the moderating effect of conscientiousness between them. The counterproductive work behavior scale, big five personality scale, job-related affective well-being scale were used as measurement for 313 employees in a two-phase survey. Firstly, we measured employees' counterproductive work behavior, conscientiousness and demographic variables. Two weeks later, we measured employees' job-related affect. The results show that:1) CWB could positively predict employees' negative job-related affect, participants engaging more CWB were likely to experience stronger negative job-related affect. 2) Participants' conscientiousness played the moderation role on the relationship between CWB and negative job-related affect. Special for employees who are more conscientious, the relationship between CWB and negative job-related affect is stronger.
    Is Sorry Effective: The Influences of Apologies to Inter-group Forgiveness
    ZHANG Tian, FU Hong
    2019, 17(1):  119-125. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (605KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Transgressions are the premise of forgiveness. As transgression not only occurs on interpersonal levels but also exists on intergroup levels, the research on intergroup forgiveness is of great importance. Among the factors attributing to inter-group forgiveness, apologies are mentioned frequently. However, recent studies show that there are different influences of apologies to inter-group forgiveness. Some studies reveal that apologies could promote inter-group forgiveness, while some other studies show no such effects. The reason for such discrepancy may lies in the lack of consideration of possible moderating factors such as group identification, the emotion with apologies, and interpersonal trust, between apologies and inter-group forgiveness. As psychological research between apologies and inter-group forgiveness is still very young, several questions remain, and the future studies could further explore the feelings of the transgressor groups toward apologies, the effects of different types of apologies, the influence of political factors, and the possible existence of other moderator variables.
    The Effect of Agreeableness on Entrepreneurial Achievement: An Evidence from Meta-analysis
    WANG Chao, YUAN Mengmeng, JIANG Yuan, FANG Ping
    2019, 17(1):  126-133. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (653KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    Whether agreeableness has an effect on entrepreneurial achievement has yet to be decided,this article study the relationship between agreebleness and Entrepreneurial achievement by using meta-analysis. We also study the moderate variables that influence the relationship. Result indicates that 1)there is a positive correlation relationship between agreebleness and entrepreneur achievement; 2) the moderate effects of culture difference on the relationship is significant, compared to the west culture, the relationship is more significant in east culture; 3) economic environment varied the relationship, in harsh economic environment, the positive correlation is much more significant than in good economic environment.
    The Impact of Authentic and Hypocritical Personality on Advice Taking and its Mechanism
    XIE Mengya, DUAN Jinyun
    2019, 17(1):  134-140. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (582KB) ( )   References | Related Articles | Metrics
    To explore the impact of authentic-hypocritical trait on advice taking and its mechanism in the stranger relationship, we conducted 3 experiments in total. In experiment 1, we set adviser's trait as between-subjects factor and explored their impact on the advice taking through five decision-making problems. In experiment 2, we also treated advisee's trait as a between-subjects factor and used the same decision-making procedure as Experiment 1, except that we measured cognition-based trust to find its mediating effect; In experiment 3, we added the new variable-Price/no Price into our study (2 Authentic/Hypocrisy×2 Price/No Price), so that we could find its moderating effect in advice taking.
    Three effects were observed. First, when advisor owned authentic trait, his/her advice would be adopted more; on the contrary, when adviser owned hypocrisy trait, his/her advice would be adopted less. Second, under the influence of advisor's trait, cognition-based trust played a mediating role in advice taking. Third, when advisor payed for his/her decision, his/her advice would be adopted more, or his/her advice would be adopted less. That is to say, Price/No Price acted as the role of moderator.