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20 September 2007, Volume 5 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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COGNITIVE PROCESS IN SPACE ORIENTATION WITH E-MAP NAVIGATION SYSTEM Liu Rude, Chen Tiegang, Mou Shu 2007, 5(3):  161-165.  Abstract ( )   PDF (530KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics A within-subject experiment was done by 33 college students to explore the differences of subjects′ reaction time for judging the space relationship among four conditions in E-map navigation system, and to discuss users′ cognition process model of spatial location in E-map navigation. The result showed that the differences of reac?鄄tion time were significant between each two ones of the four conditions. These four conditions represented four combined styles of cognition part that needed when user located the target, so it confirmed the users′ cognition process time model of spatial location in E-map navigation: Target Location=Mental Rotation+Target Searching+Spatial Orientation.

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PRIMARY AND MIDDLE SCHOOL TEACHERS′ DEFINITION OF BULLYING AND TEACHERS′ PERCEPTION OF THREE TYPES OF BULLYING Li Xiaodong, Gao Qiufeng 2007, 5(3):  166-170.  Abstract ( )   PDF (637KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics 　　 The present study explored primary and middle school teachers′ definition of bullying and assessment of the severity of three types of bullying by using both questionnaires and interviews. The results showed that primary and middle school teachers recognized the harmdoing and the inbalance of power characteristic of bullying. How?鄄ever, they disputed about the non-provocation characteristic and they did not recognize the repetition characteris?鄄tic. The more teachers thought the situation was severe, the more possibly they estimated the behavior happens in that situation to be bullying. Results also indicated that teachers had different attitudes towards the three types of bullying. Generally, teachers thought physical bullying was most serious, verbal bullying was less and indirect bullying was the least.

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THE EFFECT OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS′ MOOD-CONGRUENT ON THEIR EXPLICIT AND IMPLICIT MEMORY Tao Yun1, Huo Junli2, Gao Song1, Ye Cunchun1 2007, 5(3):  171-176.  Abstract ( )   PDF (650KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics Using people′s pictures of emotion valence, we investigated the effect of freshmen′s mood-congruent on their implicit memory by the application of the process dissociation procedure(PDP). The results showed: 1)Mood-congruent effect was found not only in explicit memory, but also in implicit memory; 2)Sex differences in ex?鄄plicit and implicit memories didn′t appear in the depressed people; 3)In the mood-congruent experiment, dis?鄄abilities of explicit memory were possibly found in natural depression subjects.

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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COLLEGE STUDENTS′ COGNITIVE STYLE AND REASONING Wang Huiping, Ke Hongxia 2007, 5(3):  177-182.  Abstract ( )   PDF (625KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics We try to investigate the effects of cognitive style on three theories reason logically and hypothesis reasoning of college students. The results indicate: 1)there is no significant difference between field-dependent and field-independent students in reasoning performance, and there is no significant difference between the students who have learnt logic reasoning and those who have not done. But there is significant difference between male stu?鄄dents and female students, namely, the female students are more influenced by hypothesis atmosphere. 2)In hy?鄄pothesis reasoning, field-dependent and field-independent students are significantly different in reasoning towards hypothesis of abstract materials. For the field-independent students, they tend to disprove the hypothesis. For the field-dependent students, they tend to show stronger changing position tendency. Field-independent students and field-dependent students have no significant difference towards hypothesis of concrete materials.

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LEAENING STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH OF STUDENTS IN MIDDLE SCHOOL Wang En′guo1,2, Yin Guo′en1, Lv Yong1 2007, 5(3):  183-187.  Abstract ( )   PDF (455KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics 　　 800 students were surveyed by using self devised Students Learning Scale. The participants were middle school students ranging from grade 1 in junior high school to grade 3 in senior high school. The results were as follows: The level of learning strategy mastery was not stable for the junior high school students. The learning strategy mastery showed downward trend for third year junior high school students. The senior high school stu?鄄dents reached self control level in terms of the learning strategies mastery. There was significant difference be?鄄tween male and female high school students. The overall level of girls′ learning strategies was significantly higher than that of boys′. Some gender differences in learning strategies were gradually narrowing in some aspects of learning strategies. There was significant positive correlation between learning score and learning strategies.

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THE INHIBITORY CONTROL OF THE DIFFERENT GRADE OF STUDENTS Li Meihua1,2, Shen Deli2, Bai Xuejun2 2007, 5(3):  188-193.  Abstract ( )   PDF (513KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics 320 students participated the current experiment who were from the primary school of Grade3, Grade5, the junior high school of Grade2, the senior high school of Grade2. They were given two tests of the inhibitory con?鄄trol. The results indicated: 1)The development of the inhibitory control developed with the increasing of grade; 2)The result of the two kinds of inhibitory control of each grade had positive or neqative correlation with the result of Chinese and math. The conclusion suggested that the inhibitory control is strongly correlated with the schoolwork achievements of the students, the inhibitory control is the inspection system of the efficient learning.

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THE INFLUENCE OF INDIVIDUAL FACTOR ON ISOLATION EFFECT OF JOL Yang Lianqing1, Mo Lei2, Wang Ruiming2 2007, 5(3):  194-198.  Abstract ( )   PDF (498KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics The influence of individual factor on isolation effect of JOL was explored in this study. Participants were 708 high school students including 354 males and 354 females. The influence of the perception on isolation ef?鄄fect of JOL was explored in Experiment 1, and the influence of the identification of the number items on isola?鄄tion effect of JOL was explored in Experiment 2. The result suggested that the higher the level of perception about the isolation property and the higher of the certainty about the number of items, the higher the accuracy of JOL.

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RELATIONSHIP AMONG ACHIEVEMENT GOAL ORIENTATION, LEARNING STRATEGIES AND THE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS Li Jinbo, Xu Baihua 2007, 5(3):  199-203.  Abstract ( )   PDF (416KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics 　　Through a questionnaire conducted among 432 junior high school students, the paper aims to study the rela?鄄tionship among achievement goal orientation, learning strategies and academic achievement. The survey shows that achievement goal orientation and learning strategies have marked total influence on academic achievement. Learn?鄄ing strategies have siqnificant direct influence on academic achievement mainly under the effect of cognitive strategies and motivation strategies. Achievement goal orientation has no siqnificant direct effect on academic achievement, but through the middle variable of learning strategies, can exert a siqnificant indirect effect on it. Achievement goal orientation has marked direct effect on learning strategies mainly effect the meta cognitive strategies.

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SHIFTING ATTENTION OF PRIMARY SCHOOL AND MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS Qi Bing1,2, Shen Deli1, Bai Xuejun1, Ma Jing3 2007, 5(3):  204-210.  Abstract ( )   PDF (589KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics The paradigm of task switching was used to investigate the ability of shifting attention across adolescence. The participants were 108 primary school and middle school students. The present study examined the effects of the response-cue interval(200ms or 2000ms)and the cue-target interval(200ms or 2000ms). The results sug?鄄gest that the development of the ability maintaining and selecting among different potential response set through?鄄out adolescence，and the development of the ability switching from one response set to another. And the results demonstrated the task set inertia theory as an account for general switch costs.

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COPING STYLES AND PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTIC OF 652 EDUCATION AND MEDICINE MAJOR STUDENTS Peng Haoxiang 2007, 5(3):  211-214.  Abstract ( )   PDF (390KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics 682 university students were tested by ″Coping Styles Questionnaire″ and ″16PF″, then 652 valid questionnaires were analysed. The results suggested that university students′ active and negative coping styles in cognition, emotion and action had correlation in different level with their 16 personality characteristic. It had significant correlations with C(stability)、H(bravery)、O(anxiety)、Q3(self-discipline)、Q4(tension)in every aspects, but it only had significant correlations with B(intelligence)and I(sensitivity)in some aspects.

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EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT COPING AND DIFFERENT STRESSORS ON BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE Zhang Di1, Zhang Yuejuan2, Yan Kele1 2007, 5(3):  215-219.  Abstract ( )   PDF (513KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics 　　 The purpose of this study was to discuss the effects of different coping and different stressors on blood pres?鄄sure and heart rate. The participants were 48 Hebei normal university students. The interventions were foreknowl?鄄edge and relaxation training. The stressors were mental arithmetic and Dracula movie. The subject′ physical stress reactivity was recorded in four phases. The following physiologic indexes were measured: blood pressure, heart rate. Results are that blood pressure and heart rate of mental arithmetic was higher than that of Dracula movie. The blood pressure and heart rate of foreknowledge group and relaxation training group in intervention phase was lower than did in baseline phase. The interventions and stressors on blood pressure and heart rate hadn′t interac?鄄tive effect. Blood pressure and heart rate were smarter on mental arithmetic than that of Dracula movie. Fore?鄄knowledge and relaxation training were effective to slow blood pressure and heart rate in stress. There were no differences of different interventions on different stressors.

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THE IDEAL TEACHERS′ CHARACTERISTICS FOR UNDERGRADUATES Zhang Qiaoming, Cui Huanjuan 2007, 5(3):  220-223.  Abstract ( )   PDF (510KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics Using word list method among four grades samples of undergraduates from a university, we investigated the undergraduates′ ideal teachers′ characteristics and their influential factors. A total of 160 students completed a word list inventory on ideal teachers characteristics. The results showed:(1)The ideal teachers characteristics in undergraduates′ mind should have 4 main factors: equal and ethical, vivid and unique, delicate and sedate, pro?鄄fessional and competent;(2)Girls demands teachers more than boys on ″vivid and unique″;(3)There are no dif?鄄ferences among Grade2, Grade3, Grade4 students, which demands teachers on ″delicate and sedate″;(4)The un?鄄dergraduates of science demand teachers more than those of art on ″professional and competent″;(5)The interac?鄄tion between genders and grades on ″equal and ethical″ is significant.

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BRAIN REACTION DIFFERENCE OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EMOTIONS Yang Lizhu1, Dong Guangheng1, Jin Xinli1,2 2007, 5(3):  224-228.  Abstract ( )   PDF (532KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics Emotional activities are always accompanied by biological changes. Positive emotions and negative emotions have different biological foundations as a consequence of evolution. The present paper summarized recent research on the brain mechanism of emotion, and discussed existing conclusions and controversies. In the end, we pro?鄄posed that in the near future, the research on emotion sensitive measure, brain function localization and emotion adjustment will significantly facilitate the understanding of human emotion.

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EYE MOVEMENT STUDIES OF CHINESE READING Yan Guoli, Bai Xuejun 2007, 5(3):  229-234.  Abstract ( )   PDF (583KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics 　 　The present paper systematically reviewed the eye movement studies of the processing of Chinese words, sentences, discourses and different types of articles home and abroad. The paper briefly discussed the current de?鄄velopments and developmental trends of this research field.

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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY IN A CROSS-CULTURE PERSPECTIVE ——— An interview with Dr. Paul E. Spector Hongyu Li1,2, Liuqin Yang2 2007, 5(3):  235-240.  Abstract ( )   PDF (601KB) ( )   Related Articles | Metrics Occupational Health Psychology(OHP)is an interdisciplinary field concerned with psychological factors in employee′s health, safety, and well-being, closely related to Industrial/Organizational(I/O)Psychology. Specific areas of concern are accidents, injuries, illness, stress, violence, counterproductive work behavior, and work-family conflict. Based on his research, Dr. Paul E. Spector answered our questions on aspects of Occupational Health Psychology, Cross-cultural Psychology and research/statistical methods in I/O Psychology. His opinions or suggestions about future research in I/O Psychology are informative and inspiring.